Deogiri Institute of Engineering and

Management Studies, Aurangabad

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (2018-019)

SEMINAR ON

LEAKAGE TREATMENT TO EXTERNAL WALLS

GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
Mr. R.S PATIL SHAIKH RIZWAN

1 0f 16
CONTENT
Introduction
 Causes of leakage
 Effect of leakage
 Maintenance of leakage
 Measures to avoid leakage
 Ideal requirement
 General principle
 Methods of treatment
 Advantages
 Reference

2 0f 16
Introduction

Definition:-
the entry of water from the external walls of the structure called
as “leakage”.
To avoid the entry of water from the external walls, some
treatment are necessary for the building to remain dry durable and safe
called “leakage treatment”.

3 0f 16
Figure: Leakage from roof
1 0f 16
Need of waterproofing
• Prevents water intrusion

• Controls water vapor transmission

• Controls heat and air into and out of the existing surface

• Provides shield from UV rays

• Provides aesthetic value

• Figure:-seepage from wall

Causes of leakage

1) General causes:

i) Action of rain(face of wall)

ii) condensation(moisture deposition)

iii) Miscellaneous:

a) site b) orientation

c) flat roof d) bad workmanship

2) Other causes

i) No provision of damp proof course

ii) Lake of plinth protection

iii) Lake of water proofing, plastering etc. Figure: dampness in inner wall

iv) Ignorance of maintenance 4 0f 16

Effect of leakage

i) Unhealthy condition of occupants.

ii) Corrosion of metal members & decay of wooden members

of structure.

iii) Patches forms on the interior walls.

iv) Electric fittings are deteriorated.

v) Floor covering may seriously damage.

5 0f 16
Maintenance
1) Day to day maintenance
2) Preventive maintenance
i) Cleaning of terrace.

ii) Replacement of leaky/damaged pipelines.

iii) Replacement of joints in CI drains pipes.

iv) Replacement of MS trays.

6 0f 16
Measures to avoid leakage

i) Damp proof course(25-40mm thick)

ii) Inspection of roof before monsoon.

iii) Provide good compacted earth.

iv) Provide chajjas on openings.

v) Coping of parapet.

vi) Provide down take pipe(100-150mm@).

vii) Check the condition of plaster.

7 0f 16
Figure:- precast RCC wall

Figure:- Brick wall

1 0f 16
Figure:-Cast in-situ RCC walls

1 0f 16
Material used

requirement of ideal material for damp proof course is,

i) It should be impermissible.

ii) Should be strongly adhesive.

iii) Should be sufficiently elastic.

iv) Should have resistance to abrasion & cracking

v) Resistance to UV light.

vi) Easily applicable

vii) Durable

Ex: bitumen,plastic sheets,1st class bricks, stones cement concrete etc.

8 0f 16
General principle
i) Course maybe horizontal or vertical.

ii) Horizontal course should cover the all thickness of wall.

iii) Course should be leveled throughout.

iv) Should not exposed to atmosphere.

9 0f 16
Figure:-Damp proof course
1 0f 16
Methods
1) Membrane damp proofing method
(layer of water repellent material)
Ex: bitumen,sillicon,polymer,plastic etc.

2) Integral damp proofing

(water proofing comp with concrete)
Ex: clay,sand and lime etc.

3) Surface treatment
(filling up the pores of surface)
Ex:bitumen solution,cement coating, paints etc

4) Cavity walls
(prevent the travelling of moisture)
Figure: Waterproofing treatment of joint
10 0f 16
Advantages
i) Variety of options as per level of damage

ii) Increases the property value

iii) Prevent the walls from unwanted moisture

iv) Prevent the rusting of metal member and decay of

wooden members.

v) Increases the flooring area by allowing basement

construction.

vi) Prevent the damage caused due to the water

seepage.

11 0f 16
Treatment of pours of the wall

1 0f 16
Leakage treatment by using scaffolding

1 3 0f 16
References
• ASTM D 5957 Standard Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing
Installations, Developed by Subcommittee: D08.22, Book of Standards Volume:
04.04
• Dr Anil K Kar, April 2006 [Water proofing and structure challenges and solutions]
• M.Y.L. Chew, 2011 [Factors Affecting Water-Tightness in Wet Areas of High-Rise
Residential Buildings]
• Curtis L. Liscum, November 2011 [Successful Leak Detection Combines Patience, Skill
and Knowledge]
• David Vokey.P.Eng. [The method to detect and locate roof leaks using conductive
tapes]
• Fahmy, M. and Moselhi, O. 2010 [Automated Detection and Location of Leaks in
Water Mains Using Infrared Photography]
• Fredrik Granne, Feb 2001 [Leakage detection methods for roof membrane]
• Granne, Fredrik, “Air and Water Tightness in Building Envelopes— Evaluation of
Methods for Quality Assurance,” Doctoral Thesis, November 2001.

15 0f 16
16 0f 16