Health and Fitness

By

Dr. N. Bright selva kumar

Principal
Christian College of Physical
Education,
Nagercoil-3
brightsports@rediffmail.com
Cell- 9944420837
 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
• The structure of the human body is called
Anatomy
• Function of the human body is called
physiology.
 SYSTEMS OF BODY
• Skeletal system
• Muscular System
• Respiratory System
• Digestive System
• Circulatory System
• Nervous System
• Excretory System
• Endocrine System
• Blood
 HUMAN SKELETON AND BONE
 Our skeletons have several functions, the most
obvious of these being mechanical support, providing
a fulcrum for muscles to pull against, as well as
giving the body structure and strength.
 Muscular System
• The human body contains more than 650
muscles attached with the skeleton, which
provide pulling power, so that you can move
around.
 Respiratory system
 In humans the lungs occupy a large portion of the chest cavity from
the collarbone down to the diaphragm.
 The right lung is divided into three sections, or lobes. The left lung
has only two lobes. The two branches of the trachea, called bronchi,
subdivide within the lobes into smaller and smaller air vessels known
as bronchioles.
 Digestive System
• The digestive system is responsible for
processing food, breaking down into usable
proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, fats and other
substance, and introduce them in to
bloodstream so that the body can use them.
 Circulatory System
 The human heart is a conical muscular organ situated in the
middle mediastinum in between the two lungs.
 The heart supplies the blood through the arteries to the
different part of the body.
 BLOOD PRESSURE

CATEGORY SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC

NORMAL < 120 and < 80

PRE-
120 – 139 or 80 – 89
HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION
140 - 159 or 90 – 99
STAGE-I

STAGE-II > 160 - 179 or 100 - 109

STAGE-III > 180 or > 110

 Nervous System
• The nervous system is the control centre of our body or it
can be thought of as the body’s communication system.
• There are two types nervous are doing communication
between brain and body organs
• Afferent & efferent nervous system
 Excretory System
• Many unwanted products are produced in the
body during its activities. Such waste products
must be flushed out otherwise they harm the
body. The functions of flushing out the wastes
are carried out by four ways of organs such as
kidney, sweat glands, lungs and Large intestine.
 Endocrine System
• The endocrine system consists of a
number of glands, which release
substances, called hormones into the
blood.
• The Pituitary Gland
• The Thyroid Gland
• The adrenal Gland
• The Pancreas Gland
• The Sex Gland
 BLOOD
 Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that
delivers necessary substances to the body's
cells such as nutrients and oxygen and
transports waste products away from those
same cells.
 WHAT IS HEALTH ?

Health is the condition of

being sound in body, mind or
spirit, especially freedom
from physical disease or
pain.
 Dimension of health
• Physical Health
• Mental Health
• Social Health
• Emotional Health
• Spiritual Health
 Physical Health
• Physical health purely refers to the perfect
functioning of the body externally as well
as internally.
 Mental Health
• A state of balance between the individual
and the surrounding world. The man who
is able to meet the problems of life.
 Social Health
• The quantity and quality of an individual’s
interpersonal ties and the extent of
involvement with the community.
 Emotional Health
• Emotional health means emotional fitness
and emotional control. A person can be
called emotionally healthy if his emotions
are always positive, and has full control
over his emotion.
 Spiritual Health
• The end of man is to let the spirit in him
permeate his whole being, his soul, flesh
and affections.
 Risk Factors
o Tobacco use
o Alcohol consumption
o Raised Blood Pressure (Systolic and
Diastolic)
o Obesity (Height, weight, BMI, Waist
circumference)
o Diet (Low fruit, high fat, added salt to
served food)
o Physical Inactivity
o Diabetes Mellitus (Fasting Plasma Glucose)
o High Serum Cholesterol
 BODY MASS INDEX
Body Mass Index (BMI) is an Index
commonly used to classify
– underweight, Overweight and
– Obesity in adults.
It is defined as the weight in Kilograms divided by
the square of the height in meters (Kg/m2)
 WHAT IS YOUR BMI ?
CATEGORY BMI
UNDER WEIGHT < 20

NORMAL 20 – 24.9

OVER WEIGHT 25 – 29.9

OBESE 30 – 39.9

SEVERLY OBESE > 40

You must know your height and weight !
 Diet & Nutrition
• Nutrition is a science that deals with food
and its uses by the body.
• Food also provides material that our body
needs to build up and repair its tissues
and to regulate the functions of its organs
and Systems.
 Nutrient Balance
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Fats
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water
 Personal Hygiene
• Hygiene means the art of living.
• Cleanliness
• Teeth
• Ears
• Eyes
• Nose and throat
• Nails and fingers
• Skin
• Cloths
• Hair
• Bowel
 Physical fitness
• The ability to perform daily tasks
vigorously and alertly, with energy left over
for enjoying leisure-time activities and
meeting emergency demands.
• Physical Fitness
• Mental Fitness
• Social Fitness
• Emotional Fitness
Components of Physical Fitness

• Strength
• Power
• Speed
• Agility
• Balance
• Flexibility
• Co-ordination
 Dangerous diseases
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Heart Attack
 How to live Healthy
• Take proper diet at right time
• Take rest properly
• Do physical activity or exercise
• Aerobic exercise, jogging, running,
swimming, cycling etc.…
• Take care of your hygiene
 How to live Healthy
• Drink plenty of water every day
• Bowel regularly
• Turn to the nature
• avoided bad habits
• Be happy always
• Your thoughts should positive
• Avoid obesity
Thank you

Dr. N. Bright selva kumar

Principal
Christian College of Physical Education,
Nagercoil-3brightsports@rediffmail.com
Cell- 9944420837