Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
CEMENT
PRESENTED BY
-Kenneth J Anusavice.
HISTORY
•Class I restorations, fissure
sealing and preventive dentistry in
1974 by Mc Lean and Wilson
• Improved clinical techniques
between 1976-77 by G.J.Mount
• The invention of glass
& Makinson,1978
ionomer cement was done in
• Tunnel class I and II preparations
1969.first reported by
by Hunt and Knight in 1984
Wilson and Kent in 1971.
COMPOSITION
•The glass ionomer powder is an acid soluble calcium fluoroalumino
silicate glass- ion leachable glass.
• Silica :
It forms the skeletal structure of the glass and increases the
transparency of the glass
• Aluminium Fluoride :
It partially replaces silicon in the glass network providing negative
sites, which are vulnerable to acid attack by H+ leading to
decomposition of glass and providing cement potential.
Fluoride :
It contributes to therapeutic value by releasing fluoride
over a prolonged period of time.
Calcium Fluoride :
MALEIC ACID
• Causes the cement to harden and lose its moisture sensitivity
faster.
•TARTARIC ACID
•turn controls the rate of dissolution of the glass.
•facilitates extraction of ions from the glass
CLASSIFICATION
A.ACCORDING TO A.D. WILSON AND J.W.McLEAN IN 1988
B. ACCORDING TO SKINNERS
Type I – Luting
Type II- Restorative
Type III- Liner and base
C. ACC.TO CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFIED BY
MANUFACTURER
• Type I --- Luting cement eg. Fuji I, KETAC
• Type I – Luting
• Type II – Restorative
• Type III – Liner/base
• Type IV – Pit & fissure sealant
• Type V – Luting for orthodontic purpose
• Type VI – Core buildup material
• Type VII – High fluoride releasing command set
• Type VIII – Atraumatic restorative treatment
• Type IX − Pediatric Glass Ionomer cements
F. NEWER CLASSIFICATION
• Traditional glass ionomer
a. Type I --- Luting cement
b. Type II --- Restorative cements
c. Type III --- Liners&Bases
• Metal modified Glass Ionomer
a. Miracle mix
b. Cermet cement
• Light cure Glass Ionomer
HEMA added to liquid
• Hybrid Glass Ionomer/resin modified Glass Ionomer a.Composite
resin in which fillers substituted with glass ionomer particles
b.Precured glasses blended into composites
Properties of Glass Ionomer cement
luting cement
PROPERTY VALUES
1.Setting time(min) 7.0
2.Film thickness(µm) 24
products.
Adhesion-
• Glass ionomer cement bonds chemically to the tooth structure.
major importance
P:L -
Dissolution
Cross linking
Maturation
Decomposition of glass & migration of ions
•The glass particles are attacked at the surface by poly acid which leads
to withdrawal of the cations thus the glass network breaks down to silicic
acid.
•Principally Al3+, Ca2+, F-, are released and migrate into aqueous
phase of cement and form complexes
•Increase in strength and rigidity are associated with slow increase
in cross linking.
• Initially calcium complexes predominate but later Aluminium
complexes are more.
Core buildup
• Perforation repair
polyacrylic acid.
Contraindications:
Anterior restoration
Photac Fil Quick Aplicap GC Fuji Plus Capsule Ketac Nano; a paste-paste
system using static mixing.
POLYACID MODIFIED RESIN
COMPOSITE/
COMPOMER
FLUORIDE
RELEASING DURABILITY
CAPABILITY OF
OF GIC COMPOSITES
COMPOMER
• Clinical use and performance it is best considered as a
composite
INDICATIONS
• endodontic sealers
eg: Fuji lining LC, Fuji III and IV, Ketac – Endo.
2.Low pH “Smart” Material
Srikumar GPV, Naiza Elsa, Mookambika R, Aanchal Agrawal 2016. Newer advances in
glass ionomer cement: a review IOSR-JDMS 15(11);124-126
FIBER REINFORCED GIC
can be 2 types:
Srikumar GPV, Naiza Elsa, Mookambika R, Aanchal Agrawal 2016. Newer advances in
glass ionomer cement: a review IOSR-JDMS 15(11);124-126
HAINOMERS
These are newer bioactive materials developed by
incorporating hydroxyapatite within glass ionomer powder.
Srikumar GPV, Naiza Elsa, Mookambika R, Aanchal Agrawal 2016. Newer advances in
glass ionomer cement: a review IOSR-JDMS 15(11);124-126
CPP – ACP CONTAINING
GIC
Incorporation of 1.56% w/w CPP-ACP into the GIC significantly
increased microtensile bond strength (33%) and compressive
strength (23%) and significantly enhanced the release of calcium,
phosphate, and fluoride ions at neutral and acidic pH.
Mazzaoui, S. A., Burrow, M. F., Tyas, M. J., Dashper, S. G., Eakins, D., &
Reynolds, E. C. (2003). Incorporation of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous
Calcium Phosphate into a Glass-ionomer Cement. Journal of Dental Research,
82(11), 914–918.
ZIRCONIA CONTAINING GIC
Gu, Y. W., Yap, A. U. J., Cheang, P., & Khor, K. A. (2005). Zirconia–glass ionomer
cement––a potential substitute for Miracle Mix. Scripta Materialia, 52(2), 113–116.
CONCLUSION
GIC’s have come a long ways since its modest beginning in 1969.
Even though research can boast of substantial improvements,
certain essential properties still seem to be wanting and further
clinical trials are warranted for a majority of these developments.
At this point of time, we are left wondering if GIC will ever be
able to dominate tomorrow’s restorative scene or will it go into
total oblivion
REFERENCES
Glass ionomer cement by Alan D.Wilson and John W. Mclean
Gu, Y. W., Yap, A. U. J., Cheang, P., & Khor, K. A. (2005). Zirconia–glass
ionomer cement––a potential substitute for Miracle Mix. Scripta Materialia,
52(2), 113–116.