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CHAPTER 2
NUTRITION
Lunch Time…
Important of food
• Growth
• Provides energy for carrying out work
• Warms the body
• Builds new cells
• Repairs and replaces damaged tissues
CLASSES OF FOOD
Dietary fibre
Mineral salts Water
( roughage )
CARBOHYDRATES
• Main Source of energy
• Made up of carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen
• There are three types of carbohydrate
- sugar
- starch
- cellulose
• Example: rice, potato, bread
and banana.
PROTEINS
• Important for growth
• Made up carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and
nitrogen.
• Used for building body tissues, enzymes
and hormones.
• Examples: fish, milk, meat, egg white and
nuts.
• Lack of protein will cause the disease
known as kwashiorkor.
FATS
• Made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• Provide energy
• Protect vital organs
• Help to keep body warm
VITAMINS
• Vital for healthy growth
• Require in only small quantities.
Type of vitamins Function Deficiencies
Good Luck!
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
1. Which group of food contains a high
content of carbohydrate?
- Kumpulan makanan yang manakah mengandungi
kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi.
A Carbohydrate - Potato
B Protein - Rice
C Fat - Fish
D Fibre - Noodle
3. The food items in the list below are sources for a class of food.
- Meat
- Fish
- Milk
- Lime
- Spinach
- Kangkung
A Water
B Fibre
C Protein
D Mineral salts
5. Vitamin X has the following characteristics.
- Prevents scurvy
- Promotes healthy skin
- Found in lime
Based on the given information, what is vitamin X?
A Vitamin A
B Vitamin B
C Vitamin C
D Vitamin D
6. Which class of food is used mainly to
repair damaged tissue?
Kelas makanan yang manakah berfungsi
untuk memperbaiki kerosakkan tisu?
A Water
B Vitamins
C Carbohydrates
D Proteins
7. Figure 1 shows a food. What nutrient are
present large quantities in the food?
- Rajah 1 menunjukan sejenis makanan. Nutrien
apakah yang paling banyak terkandung dalam
makanan tersebut?
A Protein
B Fibre
C Water
D Fats
8. Rickets is caused by a lack of which
nutrient?
Kekurangan zat makanan yang manakah akan
menyebabkan penyakit riket?
A Calcium
B Iodine
C Iron
D Potassium
9. Abu ate two pieces of roti canai with fish curry
and two fried chicken nuggets. His meal is not
balanced because it does not contain
Abu memakan dua keping roti canai bersama kari ikan.
Selepas itu dia memakan dua ketul nugget ayam yang
digoreng. Pemakanan Abu adalah tidak seimbang kerana
ia tidak mengandungi
A Fats
B Fibre
C Proteins
D Carbohydrates
10. Ahmad Suffering the Goitre disease.
Which is mineral lacks in his diet?
A Sodium
B Iodine
C Iron
D Calcium
WATER
CARBOHYDRATES VITAMIN
NUTRITION PROTEINS
FATS MINERAL
FIBRE
BALANCED DIET
• Contain the right amount of carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, vitamin, minerals, fibre and water
to meet daily requirment of the body.
• Why we need a balanced diet?
1.Supplying the requirement amount of energy
2.Supplying material for growth
3.Supplying nutrient to maintain good health
Healthy Eating Pyramid
Carbohydrates 80%
Fats 10%
Proteins 10%
A Z X Y
B Z Y X
C X Z Y
D Y X Z
QUIZ 2
• The label below shows calories value for the
fish fried rice.
Rice: 4.09 kilocalories per gram
Fish: 5.28 kilocalories per gram
Vegetable oil: 9.16 kilocalories per gram
• Ahmad want to make fish fried rice with 500
gram of rice, 150 gram of fish and 20 gram of
vegetable oil. How much energy (kilojoules) in
fish fried rice that Ahmad produced?
ANSWER
Quiz 1
• Answer: A, because vegetable oil high in
calorific value, follow by fish and lastly cabbage
Quiz 2
• Answer: rice:
(4.09 kcal x 500 gm = 2045 kcal)
fish:
(5.28 kcal x 150 gm = 792 kcal)
ANSWER
vegetable oil:
(9.16 kcal x 20 gm = 183.2 kcal)
Sum all food = rice + fish + vegetable oil
2045 + 792 + 183.2
= 3020.2 kcal
Convert to kJ = 3020.2 x 4.2
= 12684.84 kilojoules
*Energy that produce by Ahmad is 12684.84
kilojoules
THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
a) Salivary gland h) Oesophagus
b) Liver i) Stomach
d) Duodenum k) Pancreas
g) Rectum n) Anus
THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
• Human digestive system is a complex
series of organs and glands that
processes food.
• In order to use food we eat, our body has
to break the food down into smaller
molecules.