Philosophy of Language and Culture

Nur Fathiyyah (19716251004)

Nurqadriyanti Hasanuddin (19716251008)
Hisyam Nur Ahmad Latif (19716251013)

1
 Contents

01 2 333
Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Culture Philosophy of Language
& Culture in Education
Philosophy of Language

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 3

 Definition

Philosophy Language

In general, philosophy is the study of general

and fundamental problems such as Language is the ability possessed by humans
existences, knowledge, values, reason, to communicate with other humans using
thought, and also language. signs.

So, what is the philosophy of language?

4
 Definition

According to Kaelan (1998) philosophy of language is divided into two understandings:

Language is used to communicate between humans to

Language as a tool to share their ideas, thought, principle, and understanding in
communicate daily life.
Philosophers’ concerned in analyzing, solving, and
answering philosophical values using language.
Language as an object Philosophers’ pay attention to language as a material
of philosophical study object which became the linguistic development.
Language as an object of
philosophical analysis
Philosophy of language is the effort of philosophers to understand
science that is conceptual through an understanding of language.
 Linguistic problems that are often discussed by philosophers are usually about
the relationship between symbols and meaning.

Philosophers like Plato and Aristotle tried to

Metaphysics
to formulate the most general and broad
facts, including the mention of the most
basic categories of things that are grouped
and their relationships.
understand language.
Plato assumed that in society there really was
a unity of ideas
Aristotle said that the object has a presence.
People don't use verbs, unless they relate to a
subject that in their lives actually happens

At the end of the 19th century. German In the twentieth century

philosopher. Bertrand Russel, said that True and
Meinong, said that every meaningful logical language should be able to
speech in a sentence must have a represent clearly what is in the world
referent. around us.
 Logic

Logic is the study of inference

(conclusions). Logic seeks to create a
criterion to separate valid inference and
invalid inference.
The study of logic reveals the fact that
the validity of the inference depends on
the form of the statement, the type of
term and how the term is organized into a
statement.
Epistemology

Epistemology or theories of science pay attention to language in

several aspects, especially in matters of a priori knowledge.
Knowledge is considered known without being based on actual
experience.
Philosophy of language is concerned with 4 central problems

1 2 3 4
The Relationship
The Nature of Language Use Language between Language
Meaning Cognition and Reality
Philosophy of Culture

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 10

 Philosophy of Culture

Culture
Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law,
customs, and many other capabilities and habits acquired by members of society.
(Taylor, 1871)

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 11

 Concept of Culture
Simmel (1997)

Essentialism
Whether items in the natural world share
certain traits or characteristics, termed
“essences”

Dialogism
Dialogical theory views culture as emergent
and dynamic, rather than as stable and
given.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 12

 Key Characteristics of Culture

Culture is manifested at different layers of depth.

Culture affects behaviour and interpretations of

behaviour

Culture can be differentiated from both universal

human nature and unique individual personality

Culture influences biological processes

Culture is associated with social groups

Culture is both an individual construct and a

social construct

Culture is learned 13
Cultural Dynamism

Cultural Dynamism

Positive Negative

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 14

The Relationship between Philosophy & Culture

Culture forms the

Philosophy helps to
background for every
rationalize culture
philosophy and gives
and save it from
meaning to
anachronism.
philosophy.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 15

Language & Culture
in Education

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 16

 Phenomenon
A

Human possess the ability to

create meaningful
relationship with
surrounding environment by Value
giving values on object and
phenomenon.

These values is the purpose Phenomenon

B
and content of culture.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 17

 Culture is manifested
Society A Society B in the form of living
that is considered part
of human activity that
reflects the cultural
Living Living value that it contains.

Cultural Cultural
values values
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 18
 Basically, all human
Society A Society B life is a concrete
reflection of abstract
cultural values:
human activity can be
Living Living captured by human
senses yet cultural
values are not.

Cultural Cultural
values values
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 19
 All the facet of culture is
closely related to
education.
Object A
Phenomenon
A It is because all the entity
that is contained within a
culture is obtained through
Object B learning process.

And through this learning

process culture is passed
on and can change from
time to time (dynamic).
Cultural Values
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 20
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Social Politics Religion

Theoretical value is related with the discovery of truth through scientific

inquiry

(Allport, Vernon,
The Power ofand Lindzey
PowerPoint in Jujun, 2007)
| thepopp.com 21
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Social Politics Religion

Economic value is related with the use of things in fulfilling human needs
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 22
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Politics Religion

Aesthetic value is related with beauty and harmony which give pleasure to human
mind.
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 23
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Social Politics Religion

Social value is oriented to the relationship among human and focusing on noble
values of humanity.
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 24
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Social Politics Religion

Political value is related with power and influence in society and political world
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 25
 Culture in Education

Basic Values of Culture

Theory Economy Aesthetics Social Politics Religion

Religious values is related with mystical and transcendental values as well as human
effort to understanding their existence on earth.
The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 26
 Culture in Education

Those cultural values need to be explored for students. There are two main points why
this is necessary:

1. The cultural values that is taught to our students must be relevant with their
time.
2. We need to be explicit and definitive towards those cultural values. Hall in
Jujun (2007) argues that cultural symptoms are mostly hidden rather than
explicit. There are many cultural aspects that we tend to take them for granted
without further examination and understanding of those aspects.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 27

 Culture in Education

0 As educators, we must ensure that

the cultural values taught through
education are relevant and needed by
our students in their adult life and
function in the society.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 28

Culture in Education

0 Educators also need to filter and

deeply examine the cultural aspects
that are included in the curriculum.
Are those in line with the values that
we hold in our society? In learning
foreign language, new cultures are
coming with the language. Thus it is
also the role of teachers to ensure that
students open their mind to new
views yet preserve their national
identity as the same time.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 29

 Language in Education

As educators, the language teaching should reflect the functions of language as a

tool to communicate. So, the goal of the teaching is to facilitate students to be able
to use the language in real communication settings.

The philosophy on language gave us better understanding of language which

eventually gives contribution to language learning and teaching.

The Power of PowerPoint | thepopp.com 30

 References

0 Agbanusi, C. A. (2015). The Relationship between Philosophy and Culture. AFRREV IJAH: An
International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 4(3), 77. doi: 10.4314/ijah.v4i3.7.

0 Taylor, E. B. (1871). Primitive Culture. London: John Murray.

0 Schein, E. (1990). Organizational culture. American Psychologist 45(2): 109–119.

0 Suriasumantri, Jujun. (2007). Filsafat Ilmu: Sebuah Pengantar Populer. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar
Harapan.

31
Thank You!