GROUP 2

1. AZRIL FAHRIAL CIPUTRA (1810814210013)

2. ERA AGUSTIN (1810814120017)
3. HILDAYANTI CHAERUDDIN (1810814120029)
4. LIDYATRI ANANDA (1810814120023)
5. NOOR AISYA MAULIDA (1810814120019)
6. NOVA FITRIA NOPEMBRIANI (1810814120011)
7. SRI NOVI ANGGRIANI (1810814120013)
8.TRISNA SATIFAYULIYANTI (1810814120027)

SILICA P123 MEMBRANES FOR DESALINATION OF

WETLAND SALINE WATER IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN
  Water is the most essential substances in earth. There was no life
if there no water. Nowadays, water scarity become big issues
around the world as well as Indonesia. Is it due to rapid population
growth, climate change, and water and waste management are
not appropriate. This problem is a great challenge for the
Introduction continuity and availability of clean water is South Kalimantan
especially in the communities of wetland area. The alternative is
desalination saline water in South Kalimantan. Desalination is a
process that takes away mineral components from saline water.
Zeolite and silica are inorganic materials which are mostly used in
mebrane technology for desalination processes.
 1. Silica P123 Sol Gel Synthesis and Xerogel Characterisation
Silica is mostly combine with organic templates. Silica P123 was made by
combining silica with polymer 35 wt % P123 (Pluronic 123) (Sigma Aldrich).
Silica P123 xerogels was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) in
order to investigate the functional groups of each components.
2. Silica P123 Membranes Fabrication
The macroporous alumina substrates (α-Al2O3 tubular support ( ϕ = 100 nm)
METHODOLOGY was dipcoated with Silica P123 Sols solutions and then was calcined at 350°C
and 600°C separately for an hour and let it cooled at room temperature. This
process was repeated four times to get 4 layers of silica P123 membranes
dipcoated onto macroporous tubular membranes support.
3. Desalination via Pervaporation Process
The Silica P123 membrane was blocked at one end and connected to a cold trap
and vacuum pump at the other end. The membrane was immersed in a tank
containing wetland saline water. Pervaporation was held for 20 min with four
times repetitions.
 1. To make Silica P123 membranes obtained silica sol pH 6,
because it is very easy to separate salt molecules and water
molecules pass through the membrane matrices. The addition
of P123 in silica sol, the viscosity was a little bit increased and
will affect the silanol and siloxane groups which are known to
affect pore size of the membrane.
2. At higher temperatures, the composition of carbon clearly
Result And  shown and creates pore stuctures become bigger and wider.
Discussion 3. Water flux calculation is used to express the degree to which
water through the membrane. The equation:
Flux =
Where: m: the mass of permeate (kg)
A: the surface-active area (m2)
Δt: the time measurement (h)
 4. Salt rejection as a percentage of contaminants removed from the
feed stream to the membrane. The equation:
� = �100%
Where: Cf and Cp are the feed and permeate concentrations of salt
Result And (wt%).

Discussion 5. At lower temperatures the silica P123 membranes calcined show
better performance even though the water flux is a bit lower than
the silica P123 membranes calcined at higher temperature.
6. To get better performance of the membrane in terms of water
flux and salt rejectios was affect by carbon templated on the silica
surface.
THANK YOU