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Overview of SAP BW
A business of
1. Agenda
Contents
• SAP BW Overview and Concepts
• Introducing the Administrator Workbench
• Data Modeling and Loading
• Data Extraction (OLTP and Remote Systems)
• The ODS and Business Content
• Production Support
• BEX Reporting
SAP Business Information Warehouse
• Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for
reporting and analysis
• OLAP engine and tools for BEX Reporting
• Integrated meta data repository
• Data extraction and data staging in OLTP
• Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3
Systems
• BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems
• Automated Data Warehouse management
• Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing
content
5
Business Information Warehouse
Architecture
Business
Content
Close the Loop
Action
Common
Analytical
Transaction Applications
Analysis
Processing Meta Data
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Extraction Transformation
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OLTP External 8
DSS
Architecture Overview
3rd party
3rd party OLAP
OLAP client
clients
3rd party OLAP client Business Explorer
MDX Analyzer
Browser
(hosted by MS Excel)
OLE-DB for OLAP Provider
Staging Process
InfoCube InfoCube
Business
Information
Info Sources
Mapping & Transformation Rules
Mapping & Transformation Rules
Warehouse
Transfer Structure Transfer Structure Transfer Structure
Server
10
R/3 OLTP System Non R/3 OLTP System
DataSource and InfoSource
Business Information
Warehouse Server InfoCubes
Staging Engine
Update Rules
DataSource
Transfer Structure Transfer Structure Transfer Structure
11
Extraction, Transformation and Loading
12
Non-SAP Data Sources
Complementary
ComplementaryExtraction
Extraction
&&Transformation
TransformationTool
Tool
R/3 File
Mainframe RDBMS
• Staging BAPIs allow ... Non SAP
− ... certified SAP Partners to provide
ready-to-run extraction & transformation tools
− ... customers to integrate their non-SAP data
13
Persistent Staging Area
InfoCube
Update Rules
PSA Validation
InfoSource InfoSource
BAPI
Central
CentralAdministration
Administrationand
andControl
Control
Modeling
Modeling
Reporting Agent
Reporting Agent
Business Content
Business Content
Monitoring
Monitoring
Metadata Repository
Metadata Repository
15
OLAP Processor
Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically
Built-in functions for ...
... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max,
first / last, average by period, ...
... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,...
... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,...
... Stock value handling
... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,...
Derived key figures
Vienna.conf.032499
More OLAP Goodies ...
17
Currency Conversion
• Convert during data load and/or
during analysis
• Based on R/3 conversion rates Business Explorer
• Conversion per EUR
− fiscal year / fiscal period
− calendar date / period convert
OLAP
OLAP Processor
Processor
− conversion rate type EUR
• Mixed currencies within USD JPY
columns or rows
− multi currency aggregates can be Staging
Staging Engine
Engine convert
resolved by a simple dill-down by
units
NLG
DM
JPY
R/3 EUR LIT File
R
FF
18
Aggregates
• Speed up query performance by providing
pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes
Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema
• Fully invisible to the end-user
Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and
query anticipation
Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate
• Built-in consistency
data package released for queries when aggregate update complete
• Zero downtime during load
19
BW Data Model
Customer dimension
InfoCube
C Customer # Region …
13970522 west ...
20
21
InfoCube: SAP BW Design
• Central data stores for reports and evaluations
• Contains two types of data:
− Key Figures
− Characteristics
• 1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables
− 3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP
− Time
− Unit
− Info Package
22
Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis
Query Cache
Others
Govt Agencies
Institutions
Customer Retail
Group Whole sale South
Dept Stores West Regions
East
Furnishings
Bi-products
Glassware
Chemicals
Ceramics
Plastics
Division
23
InfoCube: Example
East
South
Customer
Region
group
Dept. Stores
North
Wholesale
Retail
Division
24
InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis
Query Cache InfoCube
Characteristics:
Product group
Customer group
East
Region
Division
Customer
South
Area
group
DeptStores Company code
North
Wholesale
Retail Region
Glass- Ceramics Plastics
ware Period
Division Profit Center
Bus. Area
East
South East
Region
Region
Customer Customer Customer
Region
South
group group
South
group
DeptStores DeptStores DeptStores
North
North
North
Wholesale Wholesale Wholesale
Retail Retail Retail
Glass- Ceramics Plastics Glass- Ceramics Plastics Glass- Ceramics Plastics
ware ware ware
InfoCube: Characteristics and Key Figures
Customer
group
1 North
100 Plastics Character-
RT-0001 Retail Trade istics
Region
Sales 4,000,000
Hours worked 1,300,000 Key Figures
Division
26
What is an InfoObject ?
• The various OLTP data models are unified for BW
• Business objects / data elements become
InfoObjects
R/3
OLTP BW Extractor
Table of employees
HR
Human EMPLO COST_CENTER ...
Resources
InfoObjects are unique across
application components !
27
Types of InfoObjects
28
Reporting Architecture
Analyzer
defines ...
Business Explorer
OLAP server
OLAP
Processor
operates on ... Query
Database Database
stores ... Star
Schema
Aggregates
stored in
InfoCub
e
29
Reporting
Architecture
Business Explorer
Analyzer stored in
shows ...
defines ...
Query View Excel Workbook
OLAP server
OLAP
Processor Query
operates on ...
Database Aggregates
stored in Star
Database Schema
stores ...
InfoCube
30
Analyzer: Defining
Queries
31
Analyzer embedded in Excel
Workbooks
as All
rendition End-users build
container on existing Excel
for queries and
presentati and MS Office
(store, e- know how
mail) on
features of
Excel
available
Vienna.conf.032499
Thank You
A business of