USE OF SURROGATE MEASURE TO ESTIMATE

THE MIXING & COMPACTION

CHARACTERISTICS OF BITUMEN

GUIDED BY BY
Dr. M. R NIVITHA YALINI MEENAKSHI.S
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR 18MK38
CIVIL DEPARTMENT M.E INFRASTRUCTURE
 SCOPE

CARDINAL PRETENSION

 Estimation of
1) Viscosity
2) Temperature
Of the unmodified bitumen for efficient mixing & compaction
 To Find
a) Is Mixing related to the adhesion ??
b) Is Compaction related to the friction ??
c) Are the two parameters interlinked ??

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 INTRODUCTION

BITUMEN

• A black viscous mixture

of hydrocarbons
obtained naturally or as
a residue from
petroleum distillation.
• It is used for road
surfacing and roofing.

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 BITUMEN

PROCESS

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 BITUMEN

MIXING

Uniform mixing of the aggregates represents the formation

of uniform layer of bitumen around the aggregate surface.

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 BITUMEN

MIXING

• In bituminous mixture, binder and aggregate are blended

together in precise proportions.
• The relative proportions of these materials determine the
physical properties of the bituminous mixture.
• It ultimately determines how the bituminous mixture
performs as a finished pavement.

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 BITUMEN

COMPACTION

Compaction deals with the friction between the aggregate and

the bitumen layer

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 BITUMEN

COMPACTION

• Compaction becomes more effective with increasing

temperature of the paved mix.
• The most advantageous temperature range depends
on the composition of the mix, the thickness of the
pavement and the type of binder used.
• Therefore it becomes customary to provide effective
compaction

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 VISCOCITY

Is viscosity alone sufficient to determine the

temperature for efficient mixing and
compaction???

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 BITUMEN

What is VISCOSITY???

• Expresses the magnitude of internal

friction in a fluid, as measured per
unit area resisting uniform flow
• State of being thick, sticky and semi
fluid in consistency due to internal
friction.

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 BITUMEN

FRICTION & ADHESION

• Force resisting
relative motion of
solid surface, fluid
FRICTION layer and material
elements sliding
against each other.

• Adhesion is the
tendency of
ADHESION dissimilar particles
or surfaces to cling
on to one another

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ARE THESE THREE PARAMETERS
INTER-RELATED ????
 VISCOSITY

ESTIMATION

ROTATIONAL VISCOMETER

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 VISCOSITY

PROCEDURE

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 VISCOSITY

DESCRIPTION

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 VISCOSITY

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

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 FRICTION

INTRODUCTION

MEANS ????
Force resisting relative motion of solid surface, fluid
layer and material elements sliding against each
other.

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 FRICTION

ESTIMATION

PIN ON DISC APPARATUS

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 FRICTION

ESTIMATION

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 FRICTION

ESTIMATION

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 FRICTION

TEST PARAMETERS
LOAD
Values of the force in Newton at the wearing contact.
SPEED
The relative sliding speed between the contacting
surfaces in meters per second.
DISTANCE
The accumulated sliding distance in meters.
TEMPERATURE
The temperature of one or both specimens at locations
close to the wearing contact.
ATMOSPHERE
The atmosphere (laboratory air, relative humidity, argon,
lubricant, etc.) surrounding the wearing contact.

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CONCLUSION
• In phase 1 of the project the parameters to determine
the effective mixing and compaction of the bituminous
mix has been fixed.
• The test procedure for the determination of the
friction and viscosity of bitumen is thoroughly studied
and the corresponding test has been fixed.
• In the second phase of the project the tests for the
determination and quantification of friction and
adhesion will be done.
• The relationship between the viscosity, friction and
adhesion will be evolved.

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