BEHAVIORISM

Pavlov, Watson and Skinner

K AT H E R I N E M O N TOYA
J AV I E R J Á C O M E
LU I S B O N I L L A
DO YOU KNOW HOW THE STIMULUS INFLUENCE IN YOUR DAILY
DECISIONS?

THEY ARE EVERYTHING…

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Content
Ivan Pavlov and classic conditioning
Dog Experiment
John Watson and the behaviorism
Little Albert
B.F. Skinner and Operant Conditioning
The Skinner box
Summary
Conclusion

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 Ivan Pavlov and classic conditioning
Behaviorism = manner of behaving, conduct, manners

Ivan Pavlov
Born: 1849 in Ryazan, Russia.
Died: 1936, Russia
Subject of study : Doctor in physical, maths
and natural Sciences

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 The dog experiment

Unconditioned Reponse Conditioned Reponse

= =
This reflex is ‘hard-wired’ After trainig
into the dog.

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Counter-conditioning therapy and
aversion therapy

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John Watson and the behaviorism
John Watson
Born: 1878, Green Ville
Died: 1958, New York
Subject of study: Psychologist, psychology
of advertising
Best Known For:
• Developed the behaviourism.
• Conditioning process

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Watson´s experiment-Little Albert

•He demonstrated that a child could be conditioned

to fear a previously neutral stimulus.
•It was done in Johns Hopkins University
•Little Albert experiment couldn’t be finished.

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 Ethical problems

•The baby contracted phobias.

•The experiment affect to free thinking of
people.

What could happen if this experiment were done in 2019?

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 Psychology of advertising

• Watson participated in the

development of market research
techniques.
•He wrote about the psychology of
salesmanship, and how to influence
the mind of another.

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Skinner and Operant Conditioning
Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Born: 1904, Pennsylvania U.S

Died: 1990, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Subject of study: Program learning

Best Known For:

• Skinner Box
• Project pigeon
• The baby tender
• Operant conditioning

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Operant conditioning
Reward Punishment
Skinner identified three types of
responses, or operant, that can
follow behavior.

Behavior Neutral operants

Consequence
Reinforcers

Punisher

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 The Skinner box
Negative
reinforcement

Punishment

Positive
reinforcement

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Reward and punishment

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Skinner´s Legacy

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Summary

• Involuntary • Reduced or • Voluntary

behaviors eliminate fears behaviors
• Uncontrollable across of • Reinforce or
events stimulus punishment

Pavlov Watson Skinner

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Conclusion
Through conditioning procedure, is possible to change the behavior based on
the stimulus.
John Watson develop the Behaviorism as an important natural science to
understand human behavior front of external stimulus.
The major influence on human behavior is learning from our environment
thought stimulus.
 The behaviorist approach provides clear predictions. This means that
explanations can be scientifically tested and support with evidence.

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Test
1) Match the correct answer:

____
c Ivan Pavlov a) Operant conditioning
b
____John Watson b) Behaviorism
a c) classical Conditioning
_____B.F. Skinner

2) b__________ Its defines Reward – in the sense of removing or avoiding some aversive (painful) stimulus
a) Punishment b)Negative Reinforce c)Neutral operant

3) What was the main difference between the research of Pavlov and Skinner? a
a) Involuntary behavior vs voluntary behavior b)Eliminate fears vs develop fears

4) What is the most important concept introduced by Skinner ? a

a) Reinforce or punishment b) Behaviorism c)Fear

5) Who introduce the concept of Psychology of advertising? b

a)B.F Skinner b) Jhon Watson c)Ivan Pavlov

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