ISLAM

SALONGA, Ma. Angelic V

SIBAYAN, Ria Joyce L
SYJUECO, JOSHUA
TANIEDA, JULIAN PETER
ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts
WHAT IS ISLAM TODAY?

 There are an estimated 1.2 billion Muslim

s worldwide.
 18% of Muslims live in the Arab world
 20% are found in Sub-Saharan Africa
 30% in the south Asian region of Pakistan
, India and Bangladesh
WHAT IS ISLAM TODAY?
 INDONESIA – 2nd – Pakistan
world’s largest 3rd – Bangladesh
single Muslim 4th – India
community
5th – Turkey
6th – Iran
7th – Egypt
8th – Nigeria
9th - China
I. ISLAM
 MONOTHEISTIC
-Believe in Prophet Muhammad and
one God called “Allah”

 ADHERES TO 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

-Sunnah/Sunni guides Muslims’
behavior
I. ISLAM

SUPREME BEING – ALLAH

SACRED TEXT – THE QUR’AN

PLACE OF WORSHIP – MOSQUE

HOLY LAND – MECCA (SAUDI ARABIA)

II. TWO MAIN BRANCHES OF
ISLAM
 SUNNI – recognize the male heirs of the first 4
elected (according to Muhammad’s instruction)
caliphs (or spiritual heads) after Muhammad’s
death.

 SHIITE – recognize the descendents of only 4th

caliphs – Ali (M’s son-in-law & cousin), the only
true descendent of Muhammad
III. LIFE OF MUHAMMAD
 THE EARLY YEARS
 Born in Mecca (Saudi Arabia) around 570
B.C.
 Mecca was not a kind, friendly culture an
d tribes all worshipped man different god
s (polytheistic)
 He began working as a merchant and was
known for his trustworthiness.
 KHADIJA (wife), had 4 daughters and 2
sons.
LIFE OF MUHAMMAD
 After his marriage, he began to have
visions and hear mysterious voices.
 When Muhammad was about 40 years old an
angel appeared to him in the form of a man
 This revelation was soon followed by others
about the one true God

– The key message: “Recite in the name of

your Lord who creates, creates man from a
clot! Recite for your lord is most generous
….” These words became the opening vers
es of sūrah (chapter) 96 of the Qur'an.
LIFE OF MUHAMMAD
 Unlike Jesus (who Christians believe was
God's son) Muhammad was a mortal, albeit
with extraordinary qualities
 He preached a strong social justice message a
bout equality and poverty
 Muhammad slowly began to attract some foll
owers, most of them young and of modest so
cial standing
 The ruling elite feared Muhammad and his foll
owers and began to persecute them
LIFE OF MUHAMMAD
 Muhammad's prestige grew much larger after
the war and the subsequent surrender of the
Meccans
 Muhammad's life was cut short by his sudden
death on June 8, 632 at about 60 years old
 Within 100 years, Islam spread across the
world, occupying more territory than the
Roman Empire
IV. 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

1. CONFESSION OF FAITH (SHAHADA) - “There

is no God but God; Muhammad is the prophe
t of God.”

2. SALAT – Ritual prayer (5 times per day)

3. ZAKAT – Charitable Donations (2.5% of wealth

)

4. SAWM – Fasting (no eating or drinking)

5. HAJJ – (pilgrimage or journey to Mecca)

V. KORAN (OR THE QUR’AN)
 The Content
A) The Koran as a book is comparable
in length to the Gospels
B) Chapters of the Koran follow
in descending order of length
C) Many commandments,
few stories
D) Introduced life after death
and heaven & hell
(divine reckoning)
 VI. MUSLIMS VIEW IN
OTHER RELIGION
 Muslims believe that God had previously
revealed Himself to the earlier prophets of the
Jews
 Muslims therefore accept the teachings of
both the Jewish Torah and the Christian
Gospels
 They believe that Islam is the perfection of the
religion
VII. SIX ARTICLES OF BELIEF

1. Belief in one God (Allah)

2. Belief in all the prophets and messengers sent

by God.
– 124,000 prophets, of whom 313 are also me
ssengers
– 25 of these messengers are very important (
mentioned in the Quran)
SIX ARTICLES OF BELIEF

3. Belief in the books sent by God:

– The Suhuf scripts of Abraham
– The Tawrat sent to Moses--Torah
– The Zabur sent to David--Psalms
– The Injil sent to Jesus--Gospels
– The Qur'an sent to Muhammad—Koran

4. Belief in the Angels of whom four are held i

n high esteem and are named in the Quran and
the Hadith (additional book about M)
– Like Gabriel who spoke with M
SIX ARTICLES OF BELIEF

5. Belief in the Day of Judgment when you die an

d in the life after death
– Heaven and hell

6. Belief in Fate (predestination) Muslims believe

in divine destiny
– God wrote down all that has happened and
will happen
 VIII. ISLAM FACTS
Followers of Islam aim to Muslims are
live a life of complete monotheistic and
submission to Allah. They
worship one, all-
believe that nothing can
happen without Allah’s knowing God, who
permission, but humans in Arabic is known
have free will.
as Allah.

The Quran (or Koran) is The word

the major holy text of “Islam” means
Islam. The Hadith is Islam teaches that Allah’s
“submission to
another important book. word was revealed to the
the will of God.
Muslims also revere some prophet Muhammad thro
material found in the ugh the angel Gabriel.
Judeo-Christian Bible
IX. MAHATMA GANDHI

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

was an eminent freedom activist an
d an influential political leader who
played a dominant role in India's str
uggle for independence. Gandhi is
known by different names, such as
Mahatma (a great soul), Bapuji (end
earment for father in Gujarati)
and Father of the Nation
X. OTHER TYPES OF ISLAM
Other, smaller Muslim denominations within the Sunni a
nd Shiite groups exist. Some of these include:

Wahhabi: This Sunni sect, made Alawite: This Shiite form of

up of members of the Tameem tribe
in Saudi Arabia, was founded in the
18th century. Followers observe an
extremely strict interpretation of
Islam that was taught by
Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab.
Islam is prevalent in Syria.
Followers hold similar beliefs
about the caliph Ali but also
observe some Christian and
Zoroastrian holidays.

Kharijites: This sect broke

Nation of Islam: This mostly
African-American, Sunni sect
was founded in the 1930s in
Detroit, Michigan.
from the Shiites after
disagreeing over how to select
a new leader. They are known
for radical fundamentalism, and
today are called Ibadis.
VI. ISLAMIC CALENDER
RAMADAN
Ramadan is a holy month of fasting, introspe
ction and prayer for Muslims, the followers of
Islam. Fasting is one of the five fundamental
principles of Islam. Each day during Ramada
n, Muslims do not eat or drink from sunrise t
o sunset. They are also supposed to avoid i
mpure thoughts and bad behavior. Muslims
break their daily fasts by sharing meals with f
amily and friends, and the end of Ramadan i
s celebrated with a three-day festival known
as Eid al-Fitr, one of Islam’s major holidays.
VI. ISLAMIC CALENDAR
EID AL-FITR
The conclusion of Ramadan is marke
d with a major celebration known as E
id al-Fitr (or Eid ul-Fitr), the Feast of F
ast-Breaking. It starts the day after Ra
madan ends and lasts for three days.
Eid al-Fitr includes special prayers an
d meals with friends and relatives, and
gifts are often exchanged.
VIII. SHARIA LAW
What is Sharia Law?
> Sharia law is Islam's legal system. It is derived fro
m both the Koran, Islam's central text, and fatwas - t
he rulings of Islamic scholars
> Sharia literally means "the clear, well-trodden
path to water".
 Sharia law acts as a code for living that all
Muslims should adhere to, including prayers, fasting
and donations to the poor.
> It aims to help Muslims understand how they sho
uld lead every aspect of their lives according to God
's wishes.
VIII. SHARIA LAW
Sharia Law

• Islam’s legal system is known as Sharia Law. This faith-

based code of conduct directs Muslims on how they
should live in nearly every aspect of their lives.
• Sharia law requires men and women to dress modestly.
It also outlines marriage guidelines and other moral
principles for Muslims.
• If crimes are committed, Sharia law is known for its
harsh punishments. For example, the punishment
for theft is amputating a person’s hand. Adultery
can carry the penalty of death by stoning. However
many Muslims do not support such extreme measures.
IX. MUSLIM PRAYER

Muslim prayer is often conducted in a mosque's large

open space or outdoor courtyard. A mihrab is a decorative
feature or niche in the mosque that indicates the direction
to Mecca, and therefore the direction to face during prayer
Men and women pray separately, and Muslims may visit a
mosque five times a day for each of the prayer sessions.
In addition to hosting prayers, mosques often function as
public gathering places and social centers.
ISLAM TODAY
In recent years, Islam’s supposed associati
on with terrorism and massmurder has spa
rked a political debate in many countries. T
he controversial term “radical Islam” has b
ecome a well-known label to describe the r
eligion’s connection to acts of violence.
ISLAM TODAY
While some Muslims use their faith to justi
fy terrorism, the vast majority do not. In fa
ct, Muslims are frequently victims of violen
ce themselves. Recent surveys have found
that in countries with high Muslim populat
ions the majority of Muslims have overwhe
lmingly negative views of terrorist groups li
ke ISIS. While Muslims aim to clear up misc
onceptions about their faith, the religion c
ontinues to spread rapidly. Today, Islam is t
he world’s fastest growing religion. Experts
predict Islam will surpass Christianity as th
e largest religion by the end of the century
ISLAM TODAY