Theo 130

FSUU
Butuan City
Jesus in the community
 John 15:1-17 “I Am the Vine”
Jesus in the community
 The disciples of Jesus asked: “Lord teach us How to
Pray?”This is how you Pray!
 Our Father in heaven,
Hallowed be your name.
Your kingdom come,
Your will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For
your is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory,
for ever.Amen.
Jesus in the community
 Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 First Petition: Hallowed be Thy Name:
 We ask that God may be known, loved, honored and served by
the whole world and by ourselves in particular.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Second Petition: Kingdom Come
 We ask that God may reign in us that we may one day be
admitted into Heaven.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Third Petition: Thy will be done on earth as it is in
Heaven
 We ask for the grace to do the will of God in all things.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Fourth Petition: Give us this day our daily bread
 We ask for all that is necessary each day for our soul and
our body.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Fifth Petition: Forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive
them that trespass against us.
 We ask God to pardon us our sins in the same measure
that we pardon those who offend us.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Sixth Petition: Lead us not into temptation
 We ask God to either not allow us to be tempted or to
give us the grace not to be conquered by it.
Lord’s Prayer (7 Petitions)
 Seventh Petition: Deliver us from evil
 We ask God to free us from the evil of sin, past, present,
and future.
Apostolic Community
 Acts 2:42-47 ”The Fellowship of the Believers”
 42 They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to
fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to
prayer. 43 Everyone was filled with awe at the many wonders
and signs performed by the apostles. 44 All the believers
were together and had everything in common. 45 They sold
property and possessions to give to anyone who had
need. 46 Every day they continued to meet together in the
temple courts. They broke bread in their homes and ate
together with glad and sincere hearts, 47 praising God and
enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to
their number daily those who were being saved.
Spread of the Community
 First Missionary Journey of Paul (Acts:13-14 -AD 46-48)
Spread of the Community
 Second Missionary Journey (Acts: 15:36-4;16-18 AD 49-51)
Spread of the Community
 Third Missionary Trip (Acts 18:23-28;19-21 - AD 53-57)
Spread of the Community
 Fourth Missionary Journey (62AD)
 Journey to Rome (Acts 27:1 to 28:16)
+
A. Church in the New Testament
 the formation of Christian church cannot be known
apart from Jesus himself and the good news he
proclaimed to people
 The coming of the kingdom of God is the basis of the
zeal, hope and faith of the first disciple who formed
themselves into a community and adhered to live the
ideals of Jesus and his message of the kingdom.
Etymological Meaning
 Church – Greek word – Ecclesia – assembly or
groupings of people – has no religious undertone. This
was adopted by the Septuagint (the Greek version of
OT)
 Hebrew word Kahal signifies the religious assembly of
people of Israel.
 Later on, early Christians apply it to their household
gatherings or in Christian community.
Jesus and the Kingdom of God
 People clamor for justice and liberation and hoping
that God would reign supreme as a King.
 Luke 4:18-19 declared Jesus mission:
 to bring good news to the poor
 To proclaim liberty to captives
 To give new sight to the blind
 To free the oppressed and,
 Announce the Lord’s year of mercy
Jesus and the Kingdom of God
 The kingdom is an experience of liberation for the
poor, source of hope, and experience of salvation –an
experience of a fuller and meaningful life. This
experience is depicted in the ff. text.
 On healing Mk. 2:1-12, Lk. 17:11-19
 On forgiveness Lk. 7:36-50
 On relationship with the sinners, the poor and the outcasts

Lk. 15:2, Mk. 2:15-16, Lk. 19:1-10, Lk. 14:12-13

The kingdom of God is not therefore a territory or a place
that one enter but rather a new condition or a new way of life
Jesus and the Kingdom of God
 The Kingdom is realized when people accept Jesus

 Acceptance = a free response in faith = a relationship

 Concretely, the kingdom invites us to be concerned

with the needs of others particularly the poor and to
become vigilant toward situations and structures that
perpetuate injustices and oppressions in our society.
Jesus and the Kingdom of God
 Mt. 5:12-16 points out that disciples who have accepted
the Kingdom become light and salt of the earth.
Jesus Laid Down
the Foundation of the Church
 Groups in Jesus Time: example
 The Essenes – a community of monks living at Qumran, near
the dead sea, called themselves the holy remnants of God’s
elect, the chosen community of the new covenant

Jesus preoccupation was to make the will of God concretely

manifested to all kinds of people regardless of classes, beliefs
races and cultures.
The Life-Core Patterns of the Early
Christian Community.
 Kerygma (proclamation)
 Koinonia (community)
 Diakonia (service)
 Litourgia (worship)
Points to remember
1. The formation of the church cannot ne known well
apart from Jesus himself and the good news that he
proclaimed to people – the coming of the kingdom of
God
Points to remember
2. “Kingdom” is a master-symbol that expressed God’s
involvement in the history of Israel. Jesus clearly
understood it as his mission – to bring good news to
the people.
Points to remember
3. The kingdom is indeed an experience of liberation
particularly for the poor. It is an experience of salvation
– an experience of a fuller and meaningful life.
Points to remember
4. This Kingdom is concretely realized and manifested in
the life of Jesus. His person is a concrete manifestation
of the good news that his kingdom brings. The
kingdom is realized when people accept Jesus wholly
into their lives. But it is not jus a reality within a
person. Acceptance of Jesus in discipleship should be
made visible in our relationship with other and the
society.
Points to remember
5. Jesus did not implicitly found the church as if he had a
“blueprint” for it. The calling of the Twelve is not a
contradiction of his action, it is the calling of Israel as
a whole – a symbolic action of trying to gather back
Israel. Jesus did invite this twelve and they responded
and bound to follow and to witness his life. There was
no specific rule of life or membership. They lived in
mutual sharing of life. There was no account stating
Jesus “instituted” a church.
Points to remember
6. The event that happened in the Pentecost Sunday
(Acts 2:1-18, 36-41) where the disciples were filled with
the Spirit of the Risen Christ, was a signal and an
inauguration of the existence of the church, concretely
experienced as a community of disciples.
Points to remember
7. The life-core patterns of the early Christian
community are the following: instruction (kerygma),
community (koinonia), service (diakonia), and
worship (leitourgia).
B. Church in History: Birth and
Growth of the Church, the
Christian Community
 The history of the church is not static. It is a historical
process that certainly lives in the hearts and minds of
the people who are but thirsty and excited, waiting
patiently for the kingdom come.
 The journey of the people is the journey of the church.
B. Church in History: cont….
 A Listening Church who deliberate issues
concerning about her flock

 A Church in Action who defend people from the

powerful brought by political, social, religious and
cultural domination and oppression.

 A Church who respond to the Call and Signs of Times

B. Church in History: cont….
 It is no Church History but a Church in History
B. Church in History:
Christianity in Foreign Land
 Graeco – Roman Period (1st – 7th Centuries)
 Jesus Mission was extended to the Gentiles by the
Apostles regardless of their culture: Jews/ Non-Jews

Apostles Vs. Disciples

- commissioned - follow (teaching)
- sent - Believe
The missionary zeal of apostles gave rise to Jesus
movement.
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
 Various interpretation has emerged (cultural
differences)
 Various difficulties with regard to their teaching
 Issues and conflict about the nature of their teaching
stirred debates among followers.
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
 To resolve conflict and heresies:
 Council of Bishop have called and church doctrines
have clearly defined to answer false teaching.
B. Church in History: 1 st – 7th cent..
Persecution
 Roman Authorities
 Persecution began with Emperor Nero year 67
 Peter & Paul
 Emperor Diocletian much worst.
B. Church in History: 1 st – 7th cent..
Constantine and the Edict of Milan (313)
 Succeeded Diocletian
 Christian Mother has influenced Constantine
 Edict of Milan (313) – Constantine granted Christianity
a legal status and aligned himself with the church.
 Christianity become a symbol of power which creates
problem:
 Among it’s Head
 Division among followers
 Non-Christian deserves to die
B. Church in History: 1 st – 7th cent..
Constantine and the Edict of Milan (313)
 Fathers of the Church
 Jerome (ca. 345-420) – a monk translated the bible into
Latin – (Vulgate) become the official translation of the
church.
 Agustin (northern Africa) – a theologian and bishop of
Hippo. Known of his writings: City of God and
Confession. The context of his Theology on the life of
excesses and pleasures
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
Monasticism
 Christianity (legal religion)
 People were baptized – but – lost its original identity.
 New community were formed for the belief that they can
go back to the covenantal identity of the church
 “fuga mundi” fled from the world cloistered their
days with prayer , meditations and work.
 They continue to fulfill the work of the disciples by living a life
of simplicity and penance. This give rise to
Monasticism.
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
Monasticism
 St. Anthony of Egypt as the founder of this new
movement.
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
Monasticism
 St. Benedict made structure unto it by establishing a
community of monks at Monte Cassino. (southeast of
Rome, Italy)
B. Church in History: 1st – 7th cent..
Monasticism
 By 9th century the monasteries had become the centers
of learning and their abbots were powerful men.
 Abbot - a man who is the head of an abbey of monks.
B. Church in History:
East and West Schism
 Two Great Centers of
Christianity: Separated by
 Rome (West) theology and
 Constantinople (East) politics
B. Church in History:
East and West Schism
 Rome (west)  Constantinople
 Charlemagne (Roman  Resented the Romans
emperor) was not claims to primacy
recognized by the east  Micheal Cerularius
(Patriarch of
Constantinople refused
to accept the authority
of the pope)
The 4th crusade to City of Constantinople – armies went
representing western Christianity brought division .
B. Church in History:
East and West Schism
 Roman Catholic Church  Orthodox Church
B. Church in History:
Gregorian Reform
 Ecclesiastical Offices were
bought (simony)
 Church property were passed on
to the children of the priests &
bishops (celibacy was not yet
mandatory)
 Secular rulers were appointed
bishops
 The authority of the pope over
the church virtually
disappeared.
 Pope Gregory VII –
reform the church
 Strengthened the
structure of the
institution
 Added more power to
the pope
 Developed many
offices (curia-is an
official body that
governs a particular
Church in the Catholic
Church)
B. Church in History:
Gregorian Reform followed by
 Innocent III
 Further developed the Church
 Code of Canon Law (ecclesiastical law, especially
(in the Roman Catholic Church) that laid down by
papal pronouncements.
 For clarity (legal terms)

 The church was defined more in institutional terms

with the pope as the supreme head and the laity and
priests in totally subservient roles.
B. Church in History:
Gregorian Reform cont…
 Inquisition under Innocent III (crusades, suppressing
heresies)
B. Church in History:
Gregorian Reform cont…
 After the dark time of
the church:
 They both manifested
 A ray of light came in: powerful signs of what
 St. Francis (d.1226) - Christian life was truly
Franciscans meant to be.
 St. Dominic (d.1221) -  Founded orders of men
Dominicans interested in living the
gospel: life of poverty,
prayer, preaching and
service.
B. Church in History:
The Avignon Exile
 In 1303, Pope Boniface  Philip IV – French King
VIII issued a statement  Boniface were arrested
called as Bull: Unam
Sanctam – declaring his
authority over the
French Government
B. Church in History:
The Avignon Exile
B. Church in History:
The Avignon Exile
 Friend of the King was  Another Frenchman
elected Pope – he took Pope John XXII
the name Clement V  Moved all the papal
 From Rome to Avignon, offices to Avignon
France (residence)
 French Cardinals were
appointed in his papacy
 At least 7 Popes lived in Avignon from 1309-1377. The
papal concern became more with finances and
taxation. The popes lived in extravagance
B. Church in History:
The end of Avignon Exile
 Gradual process
under the papacy of
Gregory XI
 Under the
influence of St.
Catherine of Siena
 Also the time of
the internal
conflicts in the
west.
B. Church in History:
Great Western Schisms and the
transition to a wider mission (13th – 19th
Centuries)
 Western Schism lasted
from 1378-1417
 Urban VI - supported by  Robert of Geneva as
England, Italy, Hungary, Clement VII – France,
Poland and Germany Scotland and Spain
B. Church in History:
Great Western Schisms and the
transition to a wider mission (13th – 19th
Centuries)
 Council of Pisa was held  Emperor Sigismund
to resolve the issue of the called a council at
two popes. Constance
 They seek a compromise  Martin V was elected as
candidate to unify the pope
church
B. Church in History:
the Renaissance age (14th – 16th
cent.
 Great development in the  Teachings and moral
entire world precepts of the church
 Changes in theology, were put into question
philosophy, literature and  New discoveries curiously
the arts inspired new philosophies
 Liberation and changes and ideas (humanism
 Maritime development
which leads to easy
transport of knowledge.
B. Church in History:
the Renaissance age (14th – 16th
cent.)
Needed of Church Reformation:
1. The need to return to the message of the Gospel
2. The need to reform in spirituality
3. Reform in the papacy
4. Reform within ecclesiastical offices
5. The relationship of the Church with secular
governments.
B. Church in History:
Reformation
 Martin Luther – Roman Example:
Catholic priest and
monk.
 Oct. 1517 posted his 95
theses (Wittenberg)
 A reformer who did not
seek a new form of
Christianity.
Salvation comes from
faith alone (sola fide). In
no way did a person
merit his her eternal life
with God through good
works. It was grace alone
that brought salvation.
B. Church in History:
Reformation
 Ulrich Zwingli  John Calvin (France)
(Switzerland)  Well known of his
 Go back to biblical roots teaching concerning
and away from any predestination
beliefs not rooted in the
bible

 King Henry VIII (England)

 Not on doctrines but on vested interest when the pope
does not allow him to divorce his wife
 He declared himself head of the Church in England.
This marked the beginning of Anglican Church.
B. Church in History:
Counter-Reformation
 On 1537, an ecumenical  Faith and good works are
council both necessary for
 The basis of faith is salvation.
contained in both
scripture and tradition
 All the books of the
bible are to be regarded
as inspired by the
almighty God
B. Church in History:
Missions
 Missionary
 For expansion
 To evangelize people
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 The Enlightenment  Voltaire
(renaissance,  What our eyes and
reformation, counter- mathematics
reformation) demonstrate, we must
 Gives more value on take it as true
human thought as a
science
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 French revolution
 The church was seen as
an element of an old
order of power
 Church under
persecution
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 Vatican I (1869-1870)  The pope is infallible in
 Headed by Pope Pius IX matters faith and morals
 Clearly defined the  It condemned
primacy and infallibility rationalism, modernism,
of the pope socialism, and
communism,
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 The Industrial  Karl Marx (communism)
Revolution – the age of  Abuses (capitalism)
industrialization  Source of alienation and
 Breakthrough of oppression of workers
technology  Socialist order
 The word began to work
in different ways
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 Pope Leo XIII  The pope conditioned
 Rerum Novarum the church to become
(encyclical) more involved in the
 Just wages and working quest for social justice.
conditions
 Criticizes both extreme
capitalism and extreme
socialism
B. Church in History:
The Church in the industrial and
technological age (19th-20th cent…)
 The twentieth Century
 Condemn modernism –
intellectual movement
that sought to bring
some of the principle of
the enlightenment to
Christian life.
 Reason-primary source of
knowledge
 Open modern ideas
 Divino Afflante Spiritu
(inspired by the Holy
Spirit) by Pius XII on
Sept.30,1943-open the
doors for modern
scholarship in scripture.
 Bible to local dialect
Four Marks of the Church
 Just as Filipinos have general characteristics and
qualities, so does the church
 We can trace these qualities from the gospel of John
(Jn. 17:21)
 We are ONE. That all may be one even as you, Father, are
in me and I in you. I pray that they may be one in us.
The oneness of the church helps us understand how the
church becomes the sacrament of Christ
 To distinguish itself from all other religious groups
 Four criteria proclaimed in the Nicene Creed: one,
Holy, catholic and Apostolic
 The church does not possess the four qualities herself
 It is Christ who, through the Holy spirit, makes the
church as one, hole catholic and apostolic
 It is Christ who calls the church to realize each of these
qualities
 CCC, 811
 Not only marks, but have become traditional
 Seen more as gifts from god and as task to be achieved
 Inseparably linked with each other
 Essential features of the Church and her Mission
The church is One
 The Church is a mystery of Unity
 Its ultimate foundation is in Christ, in whom the church
is undivided

The Church is one because of her source: the unity , in the

Trinity of Persons, of one God, the Father, the Son, and
the Holy spirit
-the Blessed Trinity is the primary foundation of the
unity of the Chruch
 The Church is one because of her Founder, Jesus
Christ who reconciled all men to God
 He has restored the unity of all in one people and one
body
Unity is the essence of the Church
-unity depends ultimately not on the Church itself but
upon the Unity of God
 The Church is one because of the holy spirit
 The soul of the Church
 It brings about that wonderful communion of the
faithful and joins them together in Christ
Te most fundamental in Church-our Unity in fait, hope
and love
Ideal unity – a unity in Freedom and diversity in which
people with different Charisms and gifts of grace serve
one another
 Within the unity of one faith, tolerance is not enough.
Respect, love and acceptance for one another and the
desire to come to a togetherness is also needed
 It is Christ who, through the Holy spirit, makes his
Church one. And we are all called to live out this
oneness.
The Church is Holy
 Primarily, the church is holy because of her founder
Jesus Christ
 To sanctify the Church, Jesus Christ, gave himself to
her and sent His Spirit to her.
 Holiness is the commitment to justice. It is
transforming of the world according to God’s plan
through compassion, service and unconditional love.
It is seen through God Love
 Charity/love is the center of Holiness
 Ang pagiging banal ay di nababatay sa pagiging laman
ng simbahan ngunit nasa pang-araw-araw mong
ugnayan sa Diyos.
 all of us are called by Christ to Holiness
 The Church is the bride of Christ
 Ang pagmamhal ng Diyos ang nagpapabanl sa
simbahan, sa halip na likas syang banal sa ganang
sariling kakayhan.
The Church is Catholic/Universal
 From the Greek work Kath’olou – “referring to the
whole”, universal, related to all, embracing
 Universal mission (Good news/kingdom of God
 All are called to belong to the people of God
 The Good news is offer for everyone and the kingdom of
God is for the whole world
 Day of Pentecost
 This event shows that the assembly had experienced
God in all cultures and languages
Church is endowed with the fullness of the means for
salvation – that is confession of faith, full sacramental
life, and ordained ministry in apostolic succession
 Use of the word Catholic became divisive after
1. East – East Schism (11th century)
- east became Holy Orthodox Church
- West claimed the title Catholic Church
2. Protestant Reformation (16th century)
- churches that broke with the papacy
3. Sectarian – part of the church that separated itself from the
worldwide church
ex. Donatism Donatism (Latin: Donatismus, Greek:
Δονατισμός Donatismós) was a schism in the Church of
Carthage from the fourth to the sixth centuries
AD. Donatists argued that Christian clergy must be
faultless for their ministry to be effective and their prayers
and sacraments to be valid.
 Catholicism is not based on a single theological
tradition but includes a wide variety of theologies,
spiritualities, liturgies and expressions of Christian life
 Universality of the Christian faith should be
manifested in the openness of the Christian churches
 Global - good of all – able to live demands of justice,
peace equality, sharing of goods and integrity of
creation
The Church is Apostolic
 Both in her origins in Christ and His Apostles
 Mission to spread Christ’s word and message, ministry
and service
The church is apostolic in several
ways:
 Christ grounded (the Church) permanently on the
foundation of the Apostles (Eph 2:20)
 Apostolic in terms of succession in apostolic teaching
and tradition
 The church continues to be instructed, sanctified and
guided by the apostolic tradition until Christ’s return
through their successors in the pastoral ministry, the
bishops, assisted by presbyters, in union with the
successors of Peter, the Pope (CCC857-60)
 The church remains, through the successors of Peter
and the other apostles in communion of faith and life
with her origin.
 Christ had formed the Apostles in a form of college or
permanent assembly, over which He place Peter
chosen from among them, as its Head! (CFC, 1409)
 “feed My lambs” – Jn. 21:15-17
 As “Apostolic,” the Church is a hierarchical
community, whose unity in faith and communion are
grounded in the successors of the Apostles (CFC, 1490
 The attributes of the Church are seen more as a
challenge and as a task for every Christian community
than as the exclusive property of the Church. The
Church must continuously aspire to be ever more fully
one, holy, catholic, and apostolic. These marks remain
as challenges to all the churches.
The Catholic Church Rooted in
Jesus Christ
 The Church of Christ (one, Holy, Catholic and
apostolic) is truly present in its essential completeness
in the Catholic Church
 Institutional fullness of the Church of Christ is found in the
Catholic Church
The one Church of Christ is present beyond the boundaries of
the Roman Catholic Church which reamins ‘joined in many
ways’ in the Holy spirit to be baptized in other Churches and
ecclesial communities (LG15)
Vat II
 Non-Catholic Christians are also incorporated into the
Body of Christ and thus, into the Church
 Non-Christian believers can be saved if:
 They strive to do God’s will according their state of
Knowledge
 And action of grace extends beyond the Church’s
institutional boundaries
 However, Christians know the plan because
 They received redemption
 And revelation
Mission of Christians is to proclaim the love of God in
words and deeds and their life
Membership in the Church is not a condition of salvation
(Mt. 7:21)
The final test will be leading a just life
Celebrating our Faith Together
 Christ bestowed unity on His Church from the
beginning but the Church must always pray and work
to maintain, reinforce and perfect the unity Christ will
for her. (CCC820)
 We should pray that the Christians from EAST and
WEST will someday walk together in unity of faith and
with respect for legitimate diversity, accepting and
sustaining each other as members of the one Body of
Christ.
Bbiblical Foundation of the
hierarchical Church..
 1.1 the Pope
 Known also as the Bishop of Rome, vicar of Jesus Christ,
successor of Peter, prince of the apostles, supreme
Pontiff of the universal church, Patriarch of the West,
Primate of Italy, Archbishop and metropolitan of the
Roman Province, Sovereign of Vatican state
 Perpetual and visible sign, center, guarantor and
foundation of unity for both the bishops and all the
faithfull (mt 16:18-19)
 He is charged as the successor of Peter to nourish,
support, encourage and unity his fellow Christians (Jn
21:15-17, Lk 22:32)
 The head of the College of Bishops and the Pastor of the
Universal Church on earth
 He has the ordinary, supreme, full, immediate and
universal authority and power over the whole Church
 He obtains his office by means of two events namely: his
ordination as a bishop and is election and acceptance of
it by the College of Cardinals.
 Conclave refers to the election of the Pope
1.2. The Bishops
 From the Greek word: episkopos, overseer or
superintendent)
 Successors of the apostles by divine institution
 They play the central role in the local churches
(dioceses)
 Pastors in the Church, teachers of doctrines, priests of
sacred worship and ministers of governance.
 They receive their powers/offices in their Episcopal
ordination and can exercises them only if they remain in
communion with the Pope in the college of Bishops
 College of Bishops – is the permanent assembly of
Bishops of the successors body to the College of
apostles and the subject of supreme and full power in
the universal Church.
 According to Canon Law 378, a candidate for the office
of a Bishop should:
 Be a good Christian with virtue, talent and a good
reputation
 Be a priest, ordained at least 5 years and at least 35 years
of age
 Have a graduate degree in Scripture, Theology, canon
Law or at least qualified in these disciplines.
ecclesiastical law, especially (in the Roman Catholic
Church) that laid down by papal pronouncements.
Ranks of Bishops:
 Cardinal
 A honorific title and considered the highest dignity in the
western Church after the Pope
 Can be a candidate for the papacy, papal elector and
accountable only to the pope
 Endowed with special privileges that set him apart from other
bishops
 Freely chosen by the Pope
 Assist the Pope individually by serving in the various Roman
Curia and special assignments or collectively when called
together for that purpose
College of Cardinals
 Is the chief advisory body of the pope, like a papal
cabinet or senate and elects the pope in a conclave.
Consistory refers to the meeting of cardinals in which
important matters of policy were commonly taken up

 The administrative unit of the Holy See is called

the Roman Curia, which assists the Pope in governing
the Catholic Church. The Roman Curia includes the
Secretariats, the Curial Congregations, the Pontifical
Councils, Pontifical Commissions, the tribunals, and
other offices.
Archbishop
 Heads an archdiocese or a metropolitan church
Diocesan Bishop
 Heads a diocese

 Coadjutor Bishop is an assistant to the diocesan bishop

with the right to succession

 Auxiliary Bishop is an assistant to the diocesan bishop.

 Prefect/vicar Apostolic is the head of a territory which
is a diocese (a representative or deputy of a bishop.)
 Prelate is the head of prelature which is governed like
a diocese (a bishop or other high ecclesiastical dignitary).
 Nuncio/apostolic delegate is the Pope’s diplomatic
representative
 Emeritus is a retired bishop ,,,,page37
Mission of the Church
 The whole Church is missionary
 Inseparable from the person of Jesus and has a mission
of salvation for the world
 She exist in the world and for the world as Jesus chosen
agent to carry on his mission to gather all people
into one family of God.
 The task of the church both its institutional and
human dimension is threefold:
1. The preaching of the Gospel in truth (prophetic
mission)
2. The sanctifying of mankind (priestly mission), and
3. Service in love (kingly mission)
Ministries
 The mission of the church is carried out through the
various ministries in the church.
 The word ministry means “service”
 Christian ministry, then, is serving the people of
God.
 It is public activity of a baptized disciple of Christ
under the grace of the Holy spirit performed in
behalf of Christian community for the service of the
kingdom.
 Christian ministry continues Christ’s mission.
 As He said, in Jn 20:21 “As the father has sent me, so
I send you”- sending of his disciples for mission,
 And he continues “He who receives you, received me”
Mt 10:40
Different ministries
 Ordained Ministry.
 It proceeds form the Sacrament of the holy orders and
receives authority and powers to serve the Church from
Christ.
 Person called to this ministry are appointed successors
of the apostles, receiving the threefold powers:
1. teaching
2. sanctifying
3. governing
 Pope/Supreme Pontiff/Bishop of Rome is the successor
of Peter, the Head/supreme Pastor of the church, the
vicar of Christ.
 He enjoys the supreme, full, immediate and universal
power in the care of the souls.
 Bishop are successors Apostles as pastors of the
Church

 Priests are collaborators of bishops

 Deacons are helpers of bishops and priests

Lay Ministry
 All baptized not ordained and professing religious
vows
 They also share the threefold mission of Christ:
prophetic, kingly, and priestly mission in their own field
of evangelization in education, politics, society and
economics, arts, science, media, world of culture, and
etc…
 Serving as or like a salt of the earth and light of the world
 Consecrated life
 It is for men and women who bind themselves to a life,
consecrated to God by profession of the evangelical vows
or poverty, chastity and obedience.
 Living a common life under a religious superior.
 Its members are called as “religious, brothers, sisters”
different way of living a
consecrated life
 Monastic Life
 Religious institute
 Secular life
 Societies of apostolic life