INTRODUCTION

JEAN WATSON
Theory of Human Caring
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT JEAN WATSON

Biography of Jean Watson
01 02 THEORY OF HUMAN CARE
Definition
Development of the theory

10 CARATIVE FACTORS
Definition of the factors
03 04 WATSON’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Composition of each level

MODEL
Representation of the model
05 06 CONCLUSIONS
Insights regarding the
theory
 ABOUT JEAN WATSON
MARGARET JEAN HARMON
(June 1 0 , 1 9 4 0 – present) is an American
nurse theorist and nursing professor who
is well known for her “Philosophy and
Theory of Transpersonal Caring.”
In 1 9 9 7 , she experienced an
accidental injury that resulted
in the loss of her left eye
SHE ardently and quickly progressed
through her nursing education earning her
bachelor’s degree in nursing in 1 9 6 4 , a
master of science in nursing in psychiatric
and mental health nursing in 1 9 6 6 , and a
Ph.D. in educational psychology and
counseling in 1 9 7 3 , all from the
University of Colorado at Boulder.
in 2 0 0 8 , Watson created a non-profit
foundation: Watson Caring Science
Institute, to further the work of Caring
Science in the world.
 THEORY OF HUMAN CARING

Watson’s Philosophy According to Watson, She believes that a

caring is central to holistic approach to
and Science of Caring is
nursing practice, and health care is central
concerned on how
promotes health better to the practice of
nurses express care to
than a simple medical caring in nursing.
their patients.
cure.

nursing model states that Caring for patients

According to her
theory, caring can be
demonstrated and
practiced by nurses.
“nursing is concerned with
promoting health,
preventing illness, caring
for the sick, and restoring
health.”
promotes growth; a
caring environment
accepts a person as he or
she is, and looks to what
he or she may become.
 WATSON'S DEFINITION OF THE THREE METAPARADIGM
CONCEPTS

HUMAN BEING HEALTH NURSING

a valued person in and of a high level of overall a science of persons and
him or herself to be cared physical, mental, and health-illness experience
for, respected, nurtured, social functioning; a that are mediated by
understood and assisted; general adaptive- professional, personal,
in general a philosophical maintenance level of scientific, and ethical
view of a person as a daily functioning; and the care interactions
fully functional absence of illness, or the
integrated self presence of efforts
leading to the absence of
illness
 10 CARATIVE FACTORS
forming humanistic- instilling faith-hope
altruistic value systems
kindness, empathy, concern, enabling/sustaining/honoring
and love for self and others deep belief system and
subjective world of
self/otherng faith-hope
cultivating a sensitivity
to self and others
Cultivating of one’s own
spiritual practices; deepening
selfawareness, going beyond
“ego self”
 10 CARATIVE FACTORS

developing a helping- promoting an using problem-solving

trust relationship
Developing and sustaining a
helping-trusting, authentic
caring relationship
expression of feelings
Being present to, and supportive
of, the expression of
positive and negative feelings as a
connection with deeper
spirit of self and the one-being-
cared-for
for decision-making
Creatively using presence of
self and all ways of knowing/
multiple ways of Being/doing
as part of the caring process;
engaging in artistry of caring-
healing practices

promoting teaching-
learning
Engaging in genuine teaching-
learning experiences that
attend to whole person, their
meaning; attempting to stay
within other’s frame of
reference
10 CARATIVE FACTORS
promoting a supportive
environment
Creating healing environment at all
levels (physical, nonphysical,
subtle environment of energy and
consciousness
whereby wholeness, beauty,
comfort, dignity and peace are
potentiated
assisting with gratification
of human needs
Assisting with basic needs, with an
intentional, caring
consciousness of touching and
working with embodied spirit
of individual, honoring unity of
Being; allowing for spiritual
emergence
allowing for existential-
phenomenological forces
Opening and attending to
spiritual-mysterious, unknown
existential dimensions of life-
death; attending to soul care for
self and one- being- cared- for
 WATSON'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

higher order
higher order intrapersonal
psychosocial needs or interpersonal need or
lower-order integrative needs growth-seeking need
psychophysical needs or
functional needs
achievement
activity affiliation
lower-order biophysical inactivity
needs or survival needs sexuality
 MODEL

TRAIN STATION HOSPITAL NURSES

 CONCLUSIONS

Caring Science helps us

to embrace the positive The benefits are Caring is a mutually
energy that flows from immeasurable and beneficial experience
an integrated mind, body promote self- for both the patient
and spirit and is actualization on both a and the nurse, as well
mutually rewarding to personal and as between all health
both the patient and the professional level team members
nurse
“Maybe this one moment, with this one person, is
the very reason we're here on Earth at this time.”

-Jean Watson
 OUR TEAM

Rica Cayabyab Angela Guevarra PRESCIOUS LAPIG Daphne Santos