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Arterial blood pressure is defined as the lateral pressure exerted by the column of blood on the walls of arteries. It is expressed in different ways, including systolic, diastolic, pulse, and mean arterial blood pressure. Several central and peripheral factors are necessary to maintain normal blood pressure, including cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume, and elasticity of blood vessels. Blood pressure is regulated through nervous, renal, hormonal, and local mechanisms, with the nervous mechanism operating most rapidly via the vasomotor center and vasoconstrictor and vasodilator fibers.
Arterial blood pressure is defined as the lateral pressure exerted by the column of blood on the walls of arteries. It is expressed in different ways, including systolic, diastolic, pulse, and mean arterial blood pressure. Several central and peripheral factors are necessary to maintain normal blood pressure, including cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume, and elasticity of blood vessels. Blood pressure is regulated through nervous, renal, hormonal, and local mechanisms, with the nervous mechanism operating most rapidly via the vasomotor center and vasoconstrictor and vasodilator fibers.
Arterial blood pressure is defined as the lateral pressure exerted by the column of blood on the walls of arteries. It is expressed in different ways, including systolic, diastolic, pulse, and mean arterial blood pressure. Several central and peripheral factors are necessary to maintain normal blood pressure, including cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume, and elasticity of blood vessels. Blood pressure is regulated through nervous, renal, hormonal, and local mechanisms, with the nervous mechanism operating most rapidly via the vasomotor center and vasoconstrictor and vasodilator fibers.
pressure:93mmHg (80+13=93) FACTORS MAINTAINING ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE: Factors are necessary to maintain normal blood pressure. They are local factors .They are divided into Central factors: 1. cardiac output 2. heart rate Peripheral factor: 1.peripheral resistance 2.blood volume 3.venous return 4. Elasticity of blood vessel 5.velocity of blood flow 6.diameter of blood vessels 7.viscocity of blood REGULATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE • Nervous mechanism • Renal mechanism • Hormonal mechanism • Local mechanism NERVOUS MECHANISM : It is rapid among all the mechanism and regulation of blood pressure.it operate through the vasomotor system • VASOMOTOR CENTER • VASOCONSTRICTOR FIBERS • VASODILATOR FIBERS VASOMOTOR CENTER • It contains three areas : Vasoconstrictor, vasodilator and sensory area. • VASOCONSTRICTOR: It is called pressure area.it is concerned with acceleration of heart rate. • VASODILATOR :It is called depressor area . It is concerned with cardio inhibition. • SENSORY AREA : It controls the vasodilator and vasoconstrictor area. VASOCONSTRICTOR FIBERS The fibers belong to sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system. They play a major role in regulation of BP. VASOMOTOR TONE: It is continuous discharge of impulse from vasoconstrictor fibers. It produces a constant partial state of constriction of blood vessels. VASO DILATOR FIBERS o They are three fibers: parasympathetic fibers :sympathetic fibers :Antidromic fibers MECHANISM OF VASOMOTOR CENTER: • BARO RECEPTOR MECHANISM: CHEMORECEPTOR MECHANISM RENAL MECHANISM • Kidneys paly a major role in the long term regulation of arterial blood pressure. • It regulate by two ways : By regulation of ECF volume Through Renin angiotensin mechanism APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY SUMMARY