2 November 2019

Shear Stress in Bending

(Week 4)
PowerPoint® Slides
by Dr CHIA Chee Ming
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Learning Objective (s)

 Students will learn the derivation and calculation of
shear stress for beam subjected to bending.
 Students will gain an understanding on the shear stress
distribution for beam subjected to bending.
 Students will learn the difference in terms of bending
stress and shear stress between conventional
rectangular beam and I-beam.

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Learning Outcome (s)

 Students will be able to solve engineering problems
related to beam subjected to transverse loading.
 Students will be able to calculate shear stress for
beam subjected to transverse loading.
 Students will be able to plot the shear stress
distribution for rectangular beam and I-beam subjected
to transverse loading.

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Flexure formula

M  E
 
I y R
M = bending moment, N.m
I = second moment of area, m4
σ = normal stress in the member, N/m2
y = distance from neutral axis to point in question, m
E = Young’s modulus, N/m2
R = radius of curvature of neutral axis, m

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Bending Stress
 There will be tensile stress on one side and compressive
stress on the other side.
 Longitudinal strain varies linearly from zero at the
neutral axis.
 Neutral axis passes through
the centroid of the
cross-sectional area for
linear-elastic material.

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Example 1
The simply supported beam has the cross-sectional area as
shown. Determine the absolute maximum bending stress in
the beam and draw the stress distribution over the cross
section at this location.

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Solution:

The maximum internal moment in the beam is

M = 22.5 kN.m

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By symmetry, the centroid C

and thus the neutral axis pass
through the mid-height of the
beam, and the moment of
inertia is

I   I  Ad 2  
1 2 1 3
 2 0.250.02  0.250.0020.16    0.020.3 
3

12  12 
 301.310 6  m 4

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Mc 22.50.17 
 max   max   12.7 MPa (Ans)
I
;

301.3 10 
6

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Shear Force
F x 0
Hence, Qyx  P   ddA
A

Figure 4.0
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Shear Stress
y  dM 
Since d  dM ; Qyx    ydA
I  I A
Qyx
Shear stress,  yx 
b.dx

dM  1  V 
 yx   xy    ydA     ydA [ Eqn 4.1]
dx  b.I  A  b.I  A


V
 y A [ Eqn 4.2]
b.I
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 Shear Stress in I-beam 2 November 2019

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Example 2

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 Solution: 2 November 2019

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Conclusion/Summary

V 
 Shear stress,  xy    ydA 
V
 yA
 b.I  A b.I
 I-beam, a weight efficient structure for carrying both
bending (flange) and shear (web) loads

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References:
Benham, P.P.; Crawford, R. J. and Armstrong, C. G. 1996,
Mechanics of Engineering Materials, 2nd ed, Prentice Hall.
Gere, J. M. (formerly Gere, J. M. and Timoshenko, S. P.)
2002, Mechanics of Materials, 5th SI ed, Nelson Thornes.

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Key terms:
Term Definition
Shear stress Intensity of internal reacting force (parallel to
cross-section) at a point.
Neutral axis Longitudinal axis of beam passes through the
centroid of its cross-section.

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