TWIN ENGINE PLANE

ABSTRACT
PARAMETERS FROM AIRCRAFT DESIGN
PROJECT I
 Parameters Values

Wing loading(kg/m2) 654.5

Mach number 2.72

Thrust to weight ratio 0.15526

Aspect ratio 8.92

Altitude(km) 13

Maximum Lift coefficient 1.8283

Wing span(m) 70
Wing planform area(m2) 549

Fuel weight(kg) 87619

Engine weight(kg) 3630

Overall weight(kg) 359331

Cruise speed(Km/hr) 900

Stalling speed(Km/hr) 250

Service speed(km) 13

Root chord(m) 12.54

 Tip chord(m) 3.135

Quarter chord sweep angle(deg) 3.843o

Mean aerodynamic chord(m) 5.434

Thrust per engine(KN) 137

Range(km) 4500

Payload(kg) 90000
V-n DIAGRAM
 CRITICAL LOADING PERFORMANCE
AND FINAL V-n DIAGRAM

The most common maneuvers that we

focused are,
• Level turn

• Pull up

• Pull down

• Climb
FINAL V-n DIAGRAM
STRUCTURAL DESIGN STUDY –
THEORY APPROACH
 LOAD ESTIMATION ON WINGS

• Euler’s beam bending theory

• use the bending moment values to determine
the stresses developed at a particular section
There are three primary loads acting on a wing
structure in transverse direction which can
cause considerable shear forces and bending
moments on it. They are as follows:
• Lift force (given by Schrenk‟s curve)
• Self-weight of the wing
• Weight of the power plant
• Weight of the fuel in the wing
 Force per Length (N/m)
Overall Load distribution on wing

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-

Half wing span m

LOAD ESTIMATION ON FUSELAGE
• Fuselage contributes very little to lift and
produces more drag
• It is the connecting member to all load
producing components such as wing,
horizontal tail, vertical tail, landing gear etc.
and thus redistributes the load.
• The main components of the fuselage loading
diagram are:
• Weight of the fuselage
• Engine weight
• Weight of the horizontal and vertical stabilizers
• Weight of crew, payload
• landing gear
• Systems, equipment, accessories
DETAILED STRUCTURAL
LAYOUTS
To transmit and resist applied loads.
 To provide and maintain aerodynamic shape.
 To protect its crew, passenger, payload, systems,
etc.
DESIGN OF SOME COMPONENTS OF
WING AND FUSELAGE
MATERIAL SELECTION
 WOOD

• wood has been used as the first unidirectional

structural raw material.
• To get the most efficient strength to weight
ratio for wood we need a definite numbers of
bands per inch.e.g plywood
 ALUMINIUM ALLOYS

• strong,
• light
• easily available
• reasonable price
 STEEL

•weight-to-strength ratio of wood or

aluminium
•is used for brackets
 COMPOSITE MATERIALS
• The fibers are embedded in resin to hold them
in place
• Autoclave molding
• Smooth finish
• freedom of shape
• Magnesium: An expensive material. Castings
are the only readily available forms. Special
precaution must be taken when machining
magnesium because this metal burns when
hot.
• Titanium: A very expensive material. Very
tough material and difficult to machine.
• Carbon Fibers: Still very expensive materials.
 CONCLUSION:
• The structural design of the aircraft which is a
continuation of the aerodynamic design part
carried out last semester is completed
satisfactorily. The aeroplane has gone through
many design modifications since its early
conceptual designs expected, among these
was a growth in weight.