 Anti- infective originates from two words:

ANTI- ‘against’
INFECTIVE- ‘ capable of causing disease
’
The term is used to describe any agent
that is resistant ( has great virulence) to
the spread of an infectious organism.
It’s scientific investigation started in
1920s
 These agents have brought great
contribution to the lives of men in
the society by, improving the efficiency of
treatments, prolonging lives, supporting care
provided by the health care professionals.
The global market for these agents has
been growing and demand increasing.
 Anti- infective therapy can be provided
safely in the home or the ambulatory
infusion center. “Home administration” of
anti- infective therapy is particularly
beneficial for patients who require long-
term anti- infective therapy or have
CHRONIC infections not treatable with oral
agents.
 The therapy is offered for diseases including;
- Chronic UTIs.
- Community acquired pneumonia.
- Osteomyelitis.
- Pancreatitis.
- Abcesses ‘ growth of pus’.
 Anti- infective agents of clinical usefulness
act by ‘ Inhibition’ of enzymatic processes
important in the metabolic processes of the
pathogenic organism. This action ( inhibition)
may occur;
 At the cell wall- preventing uptake of
an essential substance for metabolism.
 Within the cell- where it may block
the catabolic- energy supplying mechanisms
or anabolic protein- synthesizing processes.
In either cases, the organism loses its
ability to reproduce itself within the body,
recovery from the symptoms it had been
causing.
MODE OF ACTION OF ANTI INFECTIVES
 Samples of anti- infective drugs include;
‘MOA’- Mode of action
 CEFEPIME
MOA: Inhibits cross- linking of cell wall
peptidoglycan.
Treatment: Rash
Diarrhea
Pseudomembranous colitis
 CIPROFLOXACIN
MOA: Inhibits bacterial DNA
Prevents DNA replication
Treatment: UTIs
Gonorrhea
 EFAVIRENZ
MOA: Binds reverse transcriptase and disrupts
catalytic site.
Treatment: Rash
 ERYTHROMYCIN
MOA: Prevents peptide elongation and
translocation from acceptor site to peptidyl
site.
Treatment: Pharyngitis
Otitis media
Sinusitis
 CASPOFUNGIN
MOA: Inhibits synthesis of cell well component.
Treatment: Fever
Candida albicans
Phlebitis
 They are substances that act against or
destroy infections including: bacteria,
viruses, protozoa and parasite.
 Preventingsubstance uptake.
 Blocking mechanism of organism’s cell.
Discontinue the medication
YES
CIPROFLOXACIN
 Drug for treating inflammation?
Erythromycin.
 Diseases treated with anti infective therapy?
chronic UTIs, pancreatitis.
 Scientific investigation of antiinfectives
began? 1920s.
 Drug for treating candida albicans?
Caspofungin.
 Disadvantage of discontinuing medication
early? Infective organism develops
‘resistance’.
THANK
YOU