Philosophical

Perspective of Self
GROUP 1
PRINCESS LABAY
ARLYN PEARL PORTES
FATIMA SERFA JUAN
SHARON MICHELLE ENCINAS
IRENEROSE MIRANDA
ZAIREN MAE NALAZON
 Introduction
• Plato
• Philosophy of Self
• St. Augustine
• Philosophical Perspective
• Rene Descartes
• Two Self Function
• Jogn Locke
• David Hume
• How do I discover my Real Self
• Immanuel Kant • How do you discover your Life Purpose
• Sigmund Freud • How can I discover my talent
• Gilbert Ryle • Why being yourself important
• Paul Churchland and Patricia Chruchland • Self Knowledge
• Maurice Merleau-Ponty • Attention
 The Self from Various Perspective
Plato’s Perspective
 on the idea of “self” is actually best represented in his theory explanation
of the “psyche”. Rather than use the ord “self,” he had what some
academics call a tripartite theory of the soul . … But, in the Plato’ Republic,
you dig much more deeply into his thinking.
 St. Agustine’s
• Sense of self is his relation to God. Both in his recognition of God”s love
and his response to it achieved through self presentation, then self
realization. Augustine believed one could not achieve inner peace without
finding god’ love .
 Rene Descartes
• Dualism is the theory that reality or existence is divided into two parts . With
his ties to dualism , Descartes believed the mind is the seat of our
consciousness. Because it houses our drives , intellect, and passions, it gives
us our identity and our sense of self
 John Locke
• Considered personal identity ( or the self)to be founded on consciousness.
Therefore, self- identity is not based on the soul. One soul may have various
personalities. Neither is self-identity founded on the body substance, argues
Locke, as the body may change while the person remains the same.
 David Hume
• Hume suggests that the self is just a bundle of perceptions, like links in a
chain. … Hume argues that our concept of the self is a result of our
natural habit of attributing unified existence to anu collection of associated
parts. This belief is natural, but there is no logical support for it .
 Immanuel Kant
• According to Kant, both of these theories are incomplete when it comes to
the self. According to him, we all have an inner and outer self which
together form our consciousness. According to Kant, representation occurs
through our senses. It is mental imagery based on past sensations and
experiences.
 Sigmund Freud
• Freud’s view of the self was multitier, divided among the conscious,
preconscious, and unconscious. It is by no means an exaggeration to assert
that the concept of the unconscious forms the central core in Freud’s theory
of the structure and dynamics of the human personality
 Gilbert Ryle
• The concept of mind. He also followed ordinary language philosophy.
Arguing that the mind does not exist and therefore can’t be the seat of self,
Ryle believed that self comes from behavior. We’re all just a bundle of
behavior caused by the physical workings of the body.
 Paul Churchland and Patricia Churchland
• Tossing aside the concept of dualism and the brain, Churchland adheres to
materialism, the belief that nothing but matter exists. Stated simply,
eliminative materialism argues that the ordinary folk psychology of the mind
is wrong. It is the phusical brain and not the imaginary mind that gives us our
sense of self.
 Maurice Merleau-Ponty
• Believed the physical body to be an important part of what makes up the
subjective self. This concept stands in contradiction to rationalism and
empiricism. Rationalism assert reason and mental perception, rather than
physical senses and experience, are the basis of knowledge and self.
 Philosophy of self

• Defines among other things, the conditions of identity that

make one’s subject of experience distinct from all others.
 Philosophical Perspective

• This is the inquiry has preoccupied the earliest thinkers in the history of
philosophy Greeks. And it views on the self can be best understood by
revisiting its prime movers and identity the most important conjunctures
made by the philosophers in ancient times of contemporary period .
 Two self functions

• ( Executive Function )
- Which help regulate behavior .
 ( Organizational Function )
- Which help uncover patterns in the world .
 How do I discover my real self ?

 Realize who you truly are, not who you want to be.
 Find what you are good at ,and not good at
 Find what you are passionate about
 Ask for feedback
 Assess your relationship
 How do you discover your life purpose ?

 Explore things you love to do and what comes easy to you

 Follow your inner guidance ( What is your heart telling you ? )
 Decide where you want to go
 Think about the times you’ve experienced the greatest joy in life
 Align your goal with your life purpose and passions
 Take time for yourself
 How can I discover my talent ?

• Just ask everyone you know that will give you an honest assessment about
what they think your talents are .
• Ask them to ignore your bad habits and have them share the one or two
things that they think you are hands down most talented at
• Ask a lot of who know you , but always ask them one on one
 Why is being yourself important ?

 Don’t allow others to change who you are ,

 you are being judged regardless of what you do ,
 so being yourself makes happiness easier to obtain ,
 live life on your terms, not someone else’s ,
 being yourself is important because you will not happy otherwise .
 Self Knowledge
• Knowing the self is enlightenment
• Mastering others requires force
• Mastering the self requires strength

A theory about self knowledge describes the concept as the capacity to

detect that the sensations, thoughts, mental states, and attitudes as one’s own.
Absolute perfection is the consummation of self knowledge
 Attention

• Attention is the state of being aware of something

• Attention is generally conceived as an indication of being conscious
• Attention is taking possession by mind, in clear and vivid form of one out of
what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought