Université 08 mai 1945 – GUELMA

Faculté mathématique ,informatique et sciences de la matière

Département sciences de la matière

Prof :

Mme AMIRA

2017 2017
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
What is science?

•Science is a systematic study of the

nature and manners of an object and the
natural universe that is established
around measurement, experiment,
observation and formulation of laws.
THE MAJOR BRANCHES OF SCIENCE
The Major Branches of Science

Mathematics and logic.

Biological science.

Physical science.

Social science
MATHEMATICS AND LOGIC
Mathematics and Logic

• Mathematics and logic deals with abstract concepts.

It goes hand in hand as both are needed in relation to
finding out how social sciences and natural sciences
work. They are also both needed in forming laws,
theories and hypothesis. Even scientist needs this
branch of science, as they would not come to a
conclusion without any formulation.
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE
 Biological science
• This on the other hand deals with the study of living things.

Zoology
• It is a category under biology that focuses on
the study of animal life. The study includes,
and are not limited to, evolution,
classification of both extinct and the living,
structure and habits.
Botany
• This category is the scientific study of
plants and its life cycle. Including in
this study are the plants diseases,
reproduction, growth, chemical
properties, structure and relationship.
 Biological science
• This on the other hand deals with the study of living things.

Ecology
• deals with the study of the
environment and its
relationship to living organisms.
Paleontology
• This category of biology deals with the study
of prehistoric era. Fossils are not just the main
concern in paleontology, it can include any
subject that is related with the past, and in
other words it can be a study of the whole
history of mankind and its life on earth.
SOCIAL SCIENCE
 1.Social science
• Is the study of the society and man's relationship to it. This study includes :

Anthropology
• Which is the study of human
behavior and human development
that considers cultural, social and
physical aspects.
Economics
• This science studies goods and
services, how they are being
manufactured, distributed and
consumed.
 1.Social science
• Is the study of the society and man's relationship to it. This study includes :

Sociology Philosophy Psychology

• is the study of human
society; it is more
concerned in group
activities and urban
studies
• This science studies goods
and services, how they are
being manufactured,
distributed and consumed.
• Studying human
behavior according to
its principles is what
psychology is all about.
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
 Physical science
• has geology, physics, chemistry and astronomy as its categories.
Astronomy
• is the study of the
heavenly bodies, like the
stars, galaxies, comets
and planets
Organic chemistry
Inorganique chemistry
Chemistry Physical chemistry
Biochemistry
• is the study of different
Analatycal chemistry
substances, the changes
they undergo and their
compositions
Physical science

Physics
• The study of matter and energy and
the interactions between them.
Physicists study such subjects as
gravity, light, and time
Geology
• Is the study of the physical
property and composition of the
earth.
ANSWERING QUESTIONS
 What is the difference between
1 economy and economics?
• The economy is the relationship between production, trade and the
supply of money in a particular country or region”, so we can say, for
example:
The economy is in recession.

• Economics is a science that studies economies and develops possible

models for their functioning, e.g.
He studied economics at the LSE (London School of Economics).
 What is the difference between
1 economy and economics?
• Economic, without an “s”, is an adjective meaning “connected with
economy”, e.g.
The economic growth is very slow.

• Economical, on the other hand, carries a somewhat figurative

meaning of “not requiring too much of something” (such as money, space,
time, etc.), e.g.

That placement of furniture exhibits a very economical use of space.

 How do we call the scientists who specialise in
2 the following fields of study?
Science Scientist

ecology ecologist

anthropology anthropologist

psychology psychologist

chemistry chemist

linguistics linguist

meteorology meteorologist
biology biologist

sociology sociologist

physics physicist

Political science Political scientist

economy ecomomist

mathematics mathematician

astronomy Astronomer

history Historian
 Combine the words in brackets with suitable
3 SUFFIXES to complete the sentences.
•-er, -or, -ing, -ion, -ness, -ity
• 1. A ______ (boil) is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated.

• 1. A __boiler____ (boil) is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated.

• 2. ___ (compress) is the reduction in size of data in order to save space or

transmission time.

• 2. __compression_ (compress) is the reduction in size of data in order to save space or

transmission time.
•-er, -or, -ing, -ion, -ness, -ity
• 3. In chemistry, the _____(dense) of many substances is compared to the_____ (dense) of water.

• 3. In chemistry, the __density____(dense) of many substances is compared to the_density____ (dense)

of water.

• 4. __(transmit) is the act of passing something on.

• 4. _transmition_(transmit) is the act of passing something on.

• 5. ___ (hard) is the characteristic of a solid material expressing its resistance to permanent
deformation.

• 5. _hardness__ (hard) is the characteristic of a solid material expressing its resistance to permanent
deformation.

• 6. Combustion process is also called ___ (heat)

• 6. Combustion process is also called __heating_ (heat)

 Combine the words in brackets with suitable
3 SUFFIXES to complete the sentences.
• -ful, -less, -ous, -al, -ive

• 1. It can be ___useful__ (use) to write a summary of your argument first.

• 2. Metals containing iron are called _ferrous___ (ferrum).

• 3. You can ask him if you want to but it’s _usless_ (use). He doesn’t want
to talk about it.

• 4. Hydrogen and oxygen are __chemical_ (chemistry) elements.

• 5. I f any material is ___conductive___ (conduct), it means it conducts
electric
 -ify, -ise/-ize

• 1. I think this plan is too complicated. You should _simplify__ (simple) it.

• 2. There used to be some disputes between the 2 countries but recently they have
managed to __normalize__ (normal) their relations.

• 3. I hope you ___realize__ (real) that you are wrong.

• 4. When a liquid substance becomes solid, it _solidify__ (solid).

 Match the following words with appropriate prefixes. Some words can
4 be combined with several prefixes .
• Bilingual • _subcellular
• Unexpected • ___defrost
• Polyatomic • Relive
• Decompose • Misunderstand
• Disadvantage • Discharge
• Malfunction • Overflow
• Dehydrate • _undertake retake
• Ultraviolet • Reopen
• Un ccuracy
 Match the following PREFIXES with their
5 meanings.
bi-, mono-, multi-, poly-, dis-, in-, mal-, un-,
de-, over-, ultra-, super-, re-, mis
• number: bi, mono, multi, poly
• degree or size: super ,ultra
• negativeness: mal, over, mis
• reverse: dis ,de, un, in
• repetition: re
 Now match the following words with
6 appropriate prefixes. Some words can be
combined with several prefixes.
 Mono- Bi-multi  Mal-dis-mis  defrost
lingual function  relive
 unexpected  De-mono -hydrate  misunderstand
 Mono-bi  Ultraviolet  Discharge
Polyatomic  inaccuracy recharge
 decompose  Mono-bi-multi-  Overflow inflow
 disadvantage poly cellular
 Match the words on the left with those
5 on the right to form COMPOUNDS.
Class Brush
Self Tax
Science Lights
Tooth Control
Income Fiction
Traffic House
Green Room
Generation Gap