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Insolation and
Temperature
What is insolation?
Is insolation evenly distributed on the earth?
-
Less insolation
More insolation +
-
Average annual insolation over the earth’s surface
The
In distribution
general, of insolation
insolation receivedon the earth’s/ surface
( declines increases )
with increasing
is ( even latitude.
/ uneven ).
© Oxford University Press 2009 Quit
Part 7 Global warming─Are humans responsible?
What is insolation?
Is insolation evenly distributed on the earth?
Why does
insolation vary
with latitudes?
What is insolation?
What factors affect insolation received on
the earth’s surface?
Factors affecting insolation
received on the earth’s surface
Time of a
Latitude Season
day
Area A Area B
Angle of the
How sun 90° angle
does the / Rightof
angle < 90° / Acute angle
the
Area to warm upsun affect the
Smaller Larger
intensity of insolation?
Intensity of
High / More intense Low / Less intense
insolation
© Oxford University Press 2009 Quit
Part 7 Global warming─Are humans responsible?
In low-latitude regions:
The angle of sun is
( smaller / larger ).
The insolation concentrates
on a ( smaller / larger )
area.
Therefore, the insolation is
( weaker / stronger ).
(Credit: NASA)
In high-latitude regions:
The angle of sun is
( smaller / larger ).
The insolation concentrates
on a ( smaller / larger )
area.
Therefore, the insolation is
( weaker / stronger ).
(Credit: NASA)
The
The amount
angle of sunof The angle of sun
insolation received
( decreases / ( decreases /
increases
will / in
be lower increases /
reacheswinter.
maximum ) reaches maximum )
2 Duration of daylight
While in winter,
In polar regions, there is no
When does the North
daylight can last for 24 Pole receive
the largest amount of sunlight at all.
insolation?
hours in summer.
3 The atmosphere
The dust
Only aboutparticles,
58 unitsgas molecules
of solar andreaches
radiation clouds in
thethe
earth’s
atmosphere are able to reflect, absorb or scatter solar
surface.
radiation. How does the
atmosphere affect
the amount of solar
radiation reaching
the earth’s surface?
3 The atmosphere
Why does the maximum insolation
received occur at around N
and S but not at the Equator?
Maximum
Maximum
insolation
insolation
received
received
Maximum
insolation
received
Insolation is
reflected by
The atmosphere clouds
Less Less
Dense cloud cover
cloud cloud
cover cover
The amount of cloud cover in the equatorial
regions is high. Much of the solar radiation is
reflected by clouds. This may reduce the amount
of insolation reaching the earth’s surface.
S 0° N
© Oxford University Press 2009 Quit