RATE ANALYSIS

(Estimation Costing &

Valuation)
Prepared by
Mr. Bhushan Raisinghani
AP, Civil, PIET
 Contents
• What is rate analysis?
• How rates are calculated for each item?
• Factors affecting rate analysis?
• Schedule of rates (S.O.R)
• Task work or out-turn work
• Labour requirement for different works
 What is Rate Analysis?
• It is the determination of rate per unit of a particular item of work.
• The rate is calculated based on cost of quantity of materials, the cost of
labourers, cost of equipments and other miscellaneous expenses
required for the completion of work.
• The quantity of materials are multiplied with their current market rates
to get material cost. A lump sum amount is generally provided as
material sundries.
• The exact number of labourers for unit item shall be obtained from the
standards given in NBO or from taskwork for artisan then multiplied by
the current wages per day to get the cost of labour for unit item of work.
• In case special equipments, tools & plants are required for
works, then 1-2% of estimated cost is provided for cost of
equipment.

• Total cost of unit item = material cost + labour cost +

equipment cost
= Add 1.5% water charges
= Add 10% for contractor’s profit
 What is purpose of rate
analysis ?
• To determine the current rate per unit of an item.
• To calculate the quantity of materials required for the project.
• To estimate the number of different categories of labourers
required.
• To estimate number and types of equipments required for work.
• To estimate the total cost of project from rates of different items.
• To examine viability of rates offered by contractors.
• To fix up labour contract rates.
• To determine rates of extra items.
• To prepare schedule of rates (S.O.R).
 Factors affecting rate analysis ?
1. Material cost 8. Conditions of contract
2. Labour cost 9. Time limit
3. Equipments / Machinery 10.Transportation cost
cost
11.Water & Electricity
4. Nature of work
12.Contractor’s profit
5. Location of site
13.Overhead charges
6. Weather
14.Miscellaneous
7. Specifications
 Schedule of Rates (S.O.R)
• Schedule of rates (S.O.R) is a list of rates of various items of work.
• To facilitate the preparation of estimates, also to serve as a guide in
setting rates in connection with contract agreements, a schedule of rates
for all items of work is maintained in the form of a printed books known
as SOR.
• Excavation items, concrete items, masonry items, demolition items,
plumbing items, electrification items, etc. are included in it.
• Central Public Works Department (CPWD), a premier construction
organization of GoI maintains printed schedule of rates book for various
items of work & estimate is prepared with these rates. (2500-3000 items
are mentioned).
 Task Work or Out-turn Work
• The capacity of doing work by an artisan or skilled labour in the form of
quantity of work per day (8 hrs shift) is known as task work or out-turn
work.
• Task work depends on various factors such as type of labour, nature of
work, climatic conditions, situation of work, skill of labourer, etc.
• It is the most uncertain part of rate analysis.
• Task work per day is calculated by maintaining a record of labours
employed and the work done. Else, it is obtained based on experience.
• CPWD has standardized taskwork per day for difference categories of
labours.
Sr. Labo Item Description Task
No. ur or work /
Artis day
an
1. Labo Excavation in ordinary soil 3 cu.m
ur Excavation in hard soil 2 cu.m
Excavation in rock 1 cu.m
Sand filling in plinth 4 cu.m
Deliver bricks upto 15m 4000
distance nos.
Deliver concrete 3 cu.m
Deliver mortar 5.5 cu.m
Sr. Labour Item Description Task
No or work /
. Artisan day
2. Mason Brickwork in fdn. & plinth in cement/lime 1.25
mortar cu.m
Brickwork in superstructure in CM or 1 cu.m
LM
Random rubble masonry 1 cu.m
Coursed rubble masonry 0.8
cu.m
Ashlar masonry in super-structure 0.4
cu.m
12mm thk. cement plaster (1:3) on 10 sq.m
brickwork
P.C.C (1:4:8) 5 cu.m
Sr. Labour Item Description Task
No or work /
. Artisan day
2. Mason Fixing tiles in lime/cement mortar 10 sq.m
Reinforced brickwork 1 cu.m
Pointing in brickwork 10 sq.m
Brick masonry of half brick partition wall 6 sq.m
6mm thk. terrazo flooring on 20mm thk. 5 sq.m
1:2:4 concrete bedding
3. Carpen Timber framing of sag, sal or teak wood 0.07
ter cu.m
Fully paneled wodden doors & windows 0.15
shutter sq.m
Battened doors & windows shutter 0.80
sq.m
Sr. Labour Item Description Task
No or work /
. Artisan day
4. Painter Prime coat on steel/wooden surface 40 sq.m
Painting of door/window (one coat) 25 sq.m
Distempering (one coat) 35 sq.m
Snowcem on plaster (two coats) 20 sq.m
White washing (3 coats) 60 sq.m
 Factors affecting taskwork ?
1. Nature of work 8. Incentive to labours.
2. Weather conditions 9. Specifications
3. Location of site 10. Number of labours
4. Expertise, skill and training of worker with mason/artisan.

5. Work on daily basis or piece-work

6. Physical or psychological condition of labour
7. Labour wages – higher labour wage may give
higher taskwork
 Labour Required for
Different Works
Sr Details of work Quantit Beldar /
. y of Labours req.
N work per day
o
1. Earthwork in excavation upto 1.5m 1000 5 beldars
depth including throwing excavated cu.ft 4 labours
material within a lead of 30m
2. Refilling excavated earth in 1000 3 beldar
foundations, plinth, etc. including cu.ft 2 labours
consolidation in 15cm thk. layers 0.5 bhisthi
3. Laying cement concrete in 100 0.25 Mason
foundation, including compaction cu.ft 2 beldar
3 labours
0.75 bhisthi
 Labour Required for
Different Works
Sr Details of work Quantit Beldar /
. y of Labours req.
N work per day
o
4. Reinforced cement concrete including 100 0.25 mason
laying, compacting, finishing, etc. cu.ft 2 beldar
3 labours
0.75 bhisthi
5. Laying reinforcement steel in 1 1 fitter
formwork including cutting, bending, quintal 1 beldar
placing in position
6. Brickwork in foundation & plinth 10 cu.m 0.5 mistry
7 mason
14 labours
 Labour Required for
Different Works
Sr Details of work Quantit Beldar /
. y of Labours req.
N work per day
o
7. Brickwork in super-structure 10 cu.m 0.5 mistry
8 mason
16 labours
2 bhisthi
8. Random rubble masonry in 100 3 mason
cement/lime mortar cu.ft 5 labours
0.25 bhisthi
9. I.P.S flooring (1:2:4) 4cm thk. 40 sq.m 5 mason
7 labours
1 bhisthi
 Labour Required for
Different Works
Sr Details of work Quantit Beldar /
. y of Labours req.
N work per day
o
10 12mm thk. cement plaster 40 sq.m 0.5 mistry
. 3 mason
3 labours
1 bhisthi
11 Door/Window wooden frames 6.4 2 carpenters
. cu.ft 1 beldar
 Labour
Sr. Rates
Type of labour Rates / day
No (Rs)
1. Mistry (main mason) 400/-
2. Mason 300/-
3. Male labour (Beldar) 200/-
4. Female labour 180/-
5. Bhisthi 200/-
6. Carpenter 300/-
7. Blacksmith (fitter) 300/-
8. Painter 250/-
9. White washer 200/-
10. Plumber 300/-
THANK YOU