THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE

OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Prepared by: Group 1
 TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY
• Tourism and Hospitality has been
one of the largest and fastest-growing
industries in the world. It contributes
greatly to global economic
development.
Countries that are leading in tourism
and hospitality revenues are the:

United States France Germany

United Mexico Japan

Kingdom
THE RELATIONSHIP
OF TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
THE COMPONENTS OF TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY:
1. The Food and Beverage
Component

 There are commercial restaurants

that provide food and beverage
services such as fast service
restaurants, ethnic restaurants, and
specialty restaurants.
FAST SERVICE
RESTAURANTS

ETHNIC
RESTAURANT
 SPECIALTY
RESTAURANT
 Food service establishments are
found in theme parks, in school and
colleges, in hospitals and homes for
senior citizens, in prisons and
halfway houses, and shelters for the
homeless.
2. The Lodging Component

 Lodging involves providing

overnight or even long-term services
to guests.

 Lodging is a place to sleep.

 Lodging facilities not only provide beds but
also entertainment and recreational
facilities. Hence, the lodging industry
component has began to accommodate
several customer preferences- from budget
motels to luxury hotels and expensive
resorts.

 There are lodging establishments that use

different terms such as bed and
breakfast, resort hotel, resort
condominium, conference center,
and time-sharing.
 There are lodging establishments that offer
special facilities such as the ski lodges in
Colorado and casino hotels in Las Vegas
and Atlantic City.
 Campgrounds, transient trailer parks,
school and college dormitories,
summer camps, and health spas also
attend to the lodging needs of those
who are away from home.

Examples of Lodging
Establishments in other
countries:
Parador- an old Spanish monastery or
castle that was converted to a hotel.
Pension or Pensione- a French or Italian home
in which guests are provided with a room and
board.

Chateau- a French castle or elegant country

home used as a hotel.

Ryokan- a Japanese inn in which traditional

customs are observed.

Hostel- a lodging facility in which inexpensive

accommodations are provided to students and
guests on a nonprofit basis.
Hotel Parador de Ubeda, Spain
Pensione Seguso Venice, Italy
Chateau de Mercuès, France
Ryokan Kyoto, Japan
W Hostel Boracay, Philippines
3. Recreation and Entertaiment
Component
 Entertainment originated from the traditional
duties of a host to entertain his or her guests,
whether they are neighbors or travelers from
other places.
CENTURIES AGO NOWADAYS

• Innkeepers, tavern-keepers, and • Guests are offered different kinds

their descendants have attended to of entertainment and recreational
their guests’ needs for activities such as golf, tennis,
entertainment by talking to their hiking, boating, swimming,
guests. handball, casino gambling, and
• Others told stories concerts.
• Some provided games such as
darts, draughts, backgammon, or
chess.
• Others employed jugglers and
traveling minstrels.
4. Travel and Tourism Component
 It is used together as an umbrella term to
refer to those businesses that provide
primary services to travelers.
 These include not only food and beverage
services, lodging services, recreation and
entertainment services, but also
transportation services, and the services of
travel agencies and tour operators.
5. Transportation
 The main purpose of transportation is to make
it possible for people to go from one place to
another.

6. Travel Agencies and Tour Operators

 These are modern additions to the travel and
tourism world.
Travel Agent- is one who sells travel services in
a travel agency.
Tour Operators- are wholesalers who make the
necessary contacts with hotels, airlines, and
other providers of travel services and devise
packages which will appeal to retail buyers.
 DEFINITION OF TOURISM
 Sum of the phenomena and relationships
arising from the travel and stay of nonresidents,
insofar as they do not lead to permanent
residence and are not connected to any earning
activity. – Professor Hunziker and Krapf of
Berne University

 Tourism is the temporary short-term

movement of people to destinations outside the
places where they normally leave and work and
their activities during their stay at these
destinations. – Tourism Society in Britain.
 Tourism may be defined in terms of particular
activities selected by choice and undertaken
outside the home environment. – Tourism
Society in Cardiff

Burkart and Medlik (1997) cited five main

characteristics of tourism:
1. Because of its complexity, tourism is a
combination of phenomena and relationships;

2. It has two essential elements: the dynamic

element or the journey and the static element or
the stay;

3. The journey and stay are to-and-fro destinations

outside the place of residence and work.
4. The movement to destinations is temporary
and short-term, with the intention to return
within a few days, weeks, or months; and

5. Destinations are visited for purposes not

connected with paid work, that is, not to be
employed and not for business or vocational
reasons.
Tourism in the pure sense is
essentially a pleasure activity
in which money earned in
one’s abode is spent in places
visited.
 DEFINITION OF HOSPITALITY
 The word “hosptality” is derived from the
Latin word hospitare, which means “to
receive as a guest.

 Several related words come from the same

Latin root, including hospital, hospice, and
hostel. The principal meaning is a host who
receives, welcomes, and caters to the needs of
people who are temporarily away from their
homes.
 MEANING OF TOURIST
 In 1937, thee League of Nations defined “tourist” as
follows: “A tourist is a person who visits a country
other than that in which he or she usually resides for
a period of at least 24 hours.”

 In 1963, a United Nations Conference on

International Travel and Tourism recommended a
new definition of a “visitor” as “any person visiting a
country other than that of earning money.
 TWO CLASSES OF
VISITORS

TOURISTS
- Temporary visitors
staying at least 24 hours,
whose purpose could be
classified as:
a. leisure such as recreation,
holiday, health, study,
religion, or sport;
b. business;
c. family;
d. mission; and
e. meeting;
EXCURTIONISTS
- Temporary visitors
staying at least 24 hours
in the destination visited
and not making an
overnight stay, including
cruise travelers, but
excluding travelers in
transit.
 THE NATURE OF A TOUR
• Domestic Tourism- refers to travel
taken exclusively within the national
boundaries of the traveler’s country.
People find it easy to do so because
there are no language, currency, nor
documentation barriers
• International Tourism- involves
the movement of people across
international boundaries. It is more
difficult to travel outside one’s
country because the country visited
has a different language, currency,
and documentation requirements,
such as passports, visas and other
conditions of entry to be met by
tourists.
• Package Tour/Inclusive Tour- is an
arrangement in which transport and
accommodation is bought by a tourist by
an all-inclusive price and the price of the
individual elements cannot be determined
by the tourist. The tour operator who
organizes the package tour purchases
transport and hotel accommodation in
advance usually obtaining these at a lower
price because he/she id buying them bulk.
He/she then sells the tours individually to
tourists direct or through travel agents.
• Independent Inclusive
Tour/IIT- is one in which the tourist
travels to his or her destination
individually.

• Group Inclusive Tour/ GIT- he or

she travels in the company of their
tourists.
 THE TOURIST PRODUCT
- the tourist product is consists
of what the tourist buys.
Characteristics of a Tourist Product:
 Service.It is an intangible item. It
cannot be inspected by prospective
purchases before they buy as they can
with a washing machine, a stereo, or
other consumer goods. The purchase
of a package tour involves a high
degree of trust on the part of the
buyer.
 Largely psychological in its
attraction. It is more than a
collection of services such as an
aircraft seat and a hotel room. It
is the temporary use of a strange
environment plus the culture and
heritage of the region and other
intangible benefits such as
atmosphere and hospitality.
 Tends to vary in standard and
quality over time unlike the
production of a television set. A
package tour cannot be consistently
of equal standard. A bumpy flight can
change an enjoyable experience into a
nightmare; a good room in a hotel
may be spoiled by poor food; and a
holiday on a seaside can be destroyed
by a prolonged rainy spell.
 Supply of the product is fixed. The
number of hotel rooms available at a
particular resort cannot be changed to
meet the changing demand of tourists
during a particular season. The unsold
hotel room or aircraft seat cannot be
stored for another sale as is in the case
with tangible products. Thus, great efforts
are made to fill hotel rooms and aircrafts
by discounting the prices of these products
at the last minute.
 THE TOURIST DESTINATION
 The tourist destination is a
geographical unit where the tourist
visits and stays.
Three Basic Factors of Tourist Destination
1. Attractions
Site Attraction- is one in which the destination
itself has appeal. A site attraction may be a
country, geographical region such as the Alps,
a city, or a resort such as Boracay.
Event Attraction- is one in which tourists are
drawn to the destination solely because of
what is taking place there. Event attractions
include congresses, exhibitions, festivals such
as the Ati-atihan Festival, and sports events
such as the Olympic Games.
 Natural Attractions- include
mountains, beaches, and climatic
features such as sunshine and pure
air.
Man-made Attractions- include
buildings of historical or
architectural interest such as Fort
Santiago, holiday camps, or theme
parks such as Disneyland in Los
Angeles, USA.
2. Amenities or Facilities
- include accommodation, food,
local transport, communications, and
entertainment at the site. However
attractive a destination, its potential
for tourism will be limited unless the
basic amenities which a tourist
requires are provided. Amenities will
differ according to the attraction of the
site.
3. Accessibility
- means having regular and
convenience of transport in terms
of time/distance to the destination
from the originating country at a
reasonable price.
 TOURIST SERVICES
 The principal tourist services are
supplied by passenger transport,
which provides the means to reach the
destination, as well as the movement at
the destination.
 Accommodation, food and beverage,
and entertainment constitute the second
group of tourist services.
Hotels are of vital concern to a large
proportion of tourists.
At present, food and beverage operations cut
across all sectors of the travel industry since
eating is a necessity, as well as a pleasure for
travelers.
Entertainment, combined with amusement
and recreation, is the primary reason why
millions of people travel.
 The third group of tourist services
consists of those provided by the travel
agent and by the tour operator.
Travel agent is the distributor of the
product. He/she provides an intermediary
function between the tourist and the
providers of transport and accommodation.
Tour operator is the manufacturer of
the product. He/she combines the
individual components of a holiday into a
product which is then sold directly to the
public through travel agents.
 Othertourist services include
currency, documentation,
information, sightseeing, and
shopping.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
1) In tourism and hospitality, the
product is not bought to the
consumer; rather, the consumer
has to travel and go to the product
to purchase it. In other industries,
an item manufactured in a factory
is bought to the wholesaler and
retailer and ultimately to the
consumer.
2) The products of tourism and
hospitality are not used up;
thus, they do not exhaust the
country’s natural resources. The
product of other industries have
a limited life and at the end of it
are either junked of replaced
with new ones.
3) Tourism and hospitality is a
labor-intensive industry. It
requires more manpower than
other industries.
4) Tourism and hospitality is
people-oriented. It is a primarily
concerned with people. One of
the most important motivations
of tourists is to meet other
people and see how other people
live.
5) Tourism and hospitality is a
multidimensional phenomenon.
It is dependent on many and
varied activities which are
separate but interdependent.
6) The tourism and hospitality
industry is seasonal. During
vacation seasons, millions of
tourists travel, which result in
increased revenues for several
tourism agencies; but when
vacations are over, these
companies experience a big
decline in dollars earned.
7) The industry is dynamic. It is
characterized by the changing
ideas and attitudes of its
customers and therefore must be
always prepared and willing to
adjust to these changes.
 IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY
1. Contribution to the balance of
payments. Tourism and hospitality can
help correct the balance of payments and
deficits of many countries by earning the
much-needed foreign currency in
international trade. Examples of countries in
which tourism and hospitality industry has
helped reduce the deficits are: Spain,
Mexico, Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong,
and Singapore.
2. Dispersion of development.
International tourism and
hospitality is the best means to
spread wealth among countries;
thus, bridging the economic gap
between the rich and the poor
nations.
3. Effect on general economic
development. Expenditures by the
tourists can have beneficial effects
on all economic sectors and can lead
to the development of different
industries and other economic
activities.
4. Employment opportunities.
Tourism and hospitality is a
source of employment. It is a
service industry, which could
have a significant effect on those
countries with surplus labor
such as the Philippines. For
countries where there is a high
rate of unemployment and
underemployment, tourism and
hospitality can provide a ready
solution.
5. Social benefits. Social exchange
takes place when tourists come in
contact with the inhabitants of the
places they visit. Their social
background and their presence affect
the social structure the way of life the
local residents. In the same way,
tourists are also affected by the
experience so that they often carry with
them new habits and a new outlook on
life when they return home.
6. Cultural enrichment. Tourism and hospitality
emphasizes a sharing and appreciation of culture
rather than the lack of trust brought about by
isolation. Though tourism and hospitality, we can
appreciate the rich human and cultural diversity that
the world offers and evolve a mutual trust and
respect for one another and the dignity of life on
earth likewise, tourism and hospitality contributes to
the preservation and development of the world’s
cultural heritage. It encourages governments to
preserve historical sites and monuments and
motivates indigenous groups to preserve their
heritage in the form of dance, music, and artifacts.
7. Educational significance.
Tourism and hospitality enhances
one’s education. International
conferences, seminars and study trips
held each year enable people of all
nations to exchange ideas, propose
solutions to problems, and share
their concerns. They provide up-to-
date information for enhancing the
knowledge and skills required for the
development of the tourism and
hospitality industry.
8. A vital force for peace. A properly
designed and developed tourism and
hospitality can help bridge the
psychological and cultural distances that
separate people of different races, colors,
religions, and stages of social and
economic development. In facilitating
more genuine social relationships among
individuals, tourism and hospitality can
help overcome prejudices and foster
international brotherhood and world
understanding. Thus, tourism and
hospitality can become a real force for
world peace.