ROCK CYCLE

ROCKS
• The solid mineral forming part of the
surface of Earth and other similar
planets, exposed on the surface or
underlying the soil or oceans
 ROCK CYCLE
• Is a basic concept in geology that describes
transitions through geologic time among the 3 main
rock types: SEDIMENTARY, METAMORPHIC and
IGNEOUS.
IGNEOUS ROCK
• Also known as magmatic rock
• Formed through the cooling and
solidification of magma or lava
• 2 main types
a.) Intrusive
b.) Extrusive
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
• Accumulate on Earth’s surface in a process
called deposition.
• Formed by the accumulation or deposition of
small particles and subsequent cementation of
mineral or organic particles on the floor of
oceans or other bodies of water at the Earth’s
surface.
• The layers in sedimentary rocks are called
strata.
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
• Arise form the transformation of existing rock
types, in a process called METAMORPHISM
which means “Change in form”
• A metamorphic rocks is a type of rock which
has been changed by extreme heat and
pressure
• 2 types of metamorphic rock
a.) Contact metamorphism (heat)
b.) Regional metamorphism (pressure)
ROCK FORMING MINERALS
ROCK FORMING MINERALS
• Rocks are composed of minerals. A
mineral occuring substance which is
usually solild, crystalline, stable at
room temperature and inorganic
MINERALS
• Minerals are the building blocks of
Rocks
Abraham Gotlob Werrer
• (1749-1817) is considered to be the
founder of minerology because he
was the first to systematically classify
minerals during 1771-1880.
• The element composition of a mineral is
due to it’s unique optical and physical
property, such as
LUSTER
• Is a noun that commonly refers to a
soft sheen glossy surface or
brightness
• 2 types of luster
a.) metallic
b.) non metallic
COLOR
• Is one of the most obvious characteristic of
mineral, but generally not the most useful
diagnostic feature. (Depending on
impurities)
STREAK
• Streak color is particularly useful in
distinguishing metallic minerals such as
hematile and galena.
HARDNESS
• It is determined by comparing the realtive
hardness of an unknown specimen w/
another mineral with known hardness.
CLEAVEGE
• It is the tendency of a mineral to split or
cleave along planes of weakness.
FRACTURE
• A fracture will sometimes form a deep
fissure or crevice in the rock
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
• Is the ratio of density of a substances to the
density of a reference substance
equivalenty it is the ratio of the mass of a
substance the same given value. Density is
a measure of how compact or heavy it is in
a given value mass per unit volume which is
written using grams per millimeter (glmL)
gram per cubic centimeter (g/c m^3)
THANK YOU