Sei sulla pagina 1di 11

Applications of Lasers

submitted by
P Ganesh Reddy-18709A0512
J Bhargav Raj -18709A0506

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING


ANNAMACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(AUTONOMOUS)
(Affiliated to J.N.T. University Anantapur, Anantapur)
RAJAMPET-516 126 (A.P)
Contents:
Laser applications
Tera hertz device
Diode lasers
Yellow lasers
Ultrafast lasers
Terahertz
• One of the hottest areas of the
electromagnetic spectrum being
explored today is the terahertz
(THz) range. Terahertz waves,
lying between microwave and
optical frequencies, offer
improved performance for a
variety of applications in
everyday life. For instance, THz
waves can carry more
information than
radio/microwaves for
communications devices. They
also provide medical and
biological images with higher
resolution than microwaves,
while offering much smaller
potential harm of exposure than
X-rays
Terahertz
• Cornell researchers have developed a new method of generating
terahertz signals on an inexpensive silicon chip, offering possible
applications in medical imaging, security scanning and wireless data
transfer.
• Terahertz radiation, the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum
between microwaves and infrared light, penetrates cloth and
leather and just a few millimeters into the skin, but without the
potentially damaging effects of X-rays. Terahertz scanning can
identify skin cancers too small to see with the naked eye. Many of
the complex organic chemicals used in explosives absorb terahertz
radiation at particular frequencies, creating a "signature" that
detectors can read. And because higher frequencies can carry more
bandwidth, terahertz signals could make a sort of super-Bluetooth
that could transfer an entire high-definition movie wirelessly in a
few seconds.
Terahertz
• Current methods of generating terahertz radiation involve
lasers, vacuum
• tubes and special circuits cooled near absolute zero, often in
room-sized apparatus costing thousands of dollars. Ehsan
Afshari, assistant professor of electrical and computer
engineering, has developed a new method using the familiar
and inexpensive CMOS chip technology, generating power
levels high enough for some medical applications. With
further research, higher power will be possible, Afshari said,
enabling such devices as handheld scanners for law
enforcement
Diode lasers
• During the last decades laser technology has continuously developed. New
types of lasers as ultra-short pulsed lasers in the femtosecond regime
entered medical applications in ophthalmology. Diode lasers became more
powerful and smaller with a broader range in wavelengths. In future new
sources will also be used in medicine, fibre lasers, LEDs and organic LEDs
(OLED). Plastic foils as surface emitters could become important as
irradiation source in PDT. But not only progress in light sources opened
new fields in medical laser applications, application development with
optimised applicators and tool holders widened the spectrum of
applications for the same laser, e.g. in dentistry. Microsurgery is still a
challenge where nanosurgery in cells already appears. Also new
technology in medical diagnostics enter the scene. Optical coherence
tomography with high resolution opens the view into the skin or new
sophisticated fluorescence microscopy techniques image metabolism of
cells. Online diagnosis in combination with laser treatment will open the
market and stimulate further development
Yellow lasers
• The yellow laser in medical lasertherapy (worldwide
innovation):
• After several years of research and development
efforts, Weber Medical is finally able to introduce the
first yellow laser worldwide for the use in intravenous
and interstitial laser therapy. So far, a yellow laser with
5mW 589nm is ready to be used in intravenous
treatments while the one with 50mW 589nm can be
used for interstitial treatments. The new modules can
be connected to all Weber Medical ‘endolaser’ devices
without any problems. Both power and frequency can
be adjusted individually.
Yellow lasers
• Huge benefits in various fields
• There is a wide range of
opportunities for applying this
technology. “For example, in
today’s eye surgeries, surgeons
use green laser light to control
the photocoagulation process.
However, yellow light would be
more advantageous since it is
absorbed better by
haemoglobin,” Guina explains.
“Affordable and practical yellow
lasers could also revolutionise
other medical applications and be
used, for example, to reduce
cholesterol levels, remove tattoos
and enable local cancer
treatment.”
Ultrafast lasers
• Ultrafast laser processing has fundamentally changed the way
of materials microprocessing with lasers. This approach
provides unique advantages such as the suppression of
thermal diffusion, nonlinear multiphoton excitation of
carriers, deterministic optical breakdown threshold, internal
modification of transparent materials and reproducible
nanoscale resolution
Ultra fast lasers
• Scanning of tightly focused ultrafast laser pulses in
transparent materials enables the formation of 3D micro-
/nanostructures with limitless geometries and
configurations, which makes it possible to produce
functional components and devices for integrated optics
and lab-on-a-chip applications. Besides fundamental
research, ultrafast lasers have also been employed for
several practical and industrial applications, such as
photomask repairs, ink nozzle drilling and medical stent
fabrication. These lasers are now also used in the
electronics industry for scribing, patterning and texturing of
glass and semiconductors (e.g., photovoltaic cells and light
emitting diode displays

Potrebbero piacerti anche