STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN

POLA UMUM PERBUATAN PENGAJAR DAN TARUNA DALAM PERWUJUDAN

PEMBELAJARAN.
1. PENGAJAR HARUS MEMILIKI WAWASAN YANG MANTAP TENTANG
PENGGUNAAN PEMBELAJARAN.
PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS, KREATIF
BERSIKAP TERBUKA MENERIMA PENDAPAT ORANG LAIN.

2. POLA PEMBELAJARAN YANG CENDERUNG KE ILMU TERAPAN

MELALUI RANAH – RANAH TAKSONOMI PENDIDIKAN .
 METHODE PEMBELAJARAN

1.ORENTASI

Dosen : menyajikan, menjelaskan melalui kuliah Mimbar

Taruna : Mempelajari, belajar mandiri

2. LATIHAN
Taruna diminta untuk melakukan sesuatu yang konkrit :

Tanya jawab
Latihan terbimbing
Praktikum

3. Umpan balik ( Responsi / tutorical, praktikum )

Menolong taruna untuk melihat bahan yang telah dimengerti dan
mana yang belum.
 PENGAJAR DIKLAT
KEPELAUTAN
ASPEK ASPEK
AKADEMIK ADMINISTRASI

1. PENGAJAR DIMINTA 1. PENGAJAR HARUS

LEBIH KREATIF DALAM MEMOTORI KEGIATAN &
PENGGUNAAN ALAT & JANGAN MENUNGGU
METHODE MENGAJAR DIATUR OLEH
ADMINISTRASI

2. PENGAJAR BUKANLAH 2. P E N G A J A R BEBAS

SATU – SATUNYA MENGEMBANGKAN
SUMBER INFORMASI, DINAMIKA T E T A P I
TETAPI MASIH BANYAK KONFORM D E N G A N
YANG LAIN. NORMA YG BERLAKU

3. KEDISIPLINAN DAN 3. PENGAJAR A K A N

MEMBUDAYAKAN DIEVALUASI, DALAM
TEPAT WAKTU P R O S E S
PEMBELAJARAN
1). GAMES PLAYING

2). PROJECTS

3). CASE STUDIES

4). FIELD WORK

5). GROUP WORK

6). DISCUSSIONS

7). DEMONSTRATIONS

8). LECTURES
INCREASING
9). READING

LOW HIGH
 GRAPHICAL SCHEME
90%

ABILITY
TO
RECALL

10%

WHEN WE READ HEAR SEE HEAR SAY SAY & DO

&
SEE
10% OF WHAT WE READ
WE REMEMBER 20% OF WHAT WE HEAR
30% OF WHAT WE SEE
50% OF WHAT WE HEAR & SEE
75% OF WHAT WE SAY
90% OF WHAT WE SAY & DO
 MEETINGS ARE AND HELD IN ORDER TO

INFORM

INSTRUCT

PLAN

CLARIFY

CREATE

MAKE DECISION
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
SOLVE PROBLEM AT THE MEETING
TRAINING COURSE FOR INSTRUCTORS
 TEACHING AID
BOARD & CHARTS

1. TYPES :
- CHALK BOARDS
- WHITE BOARDS
- MAGNETIC BOARDS
- FLIP CHARTS

2. CHALK BOARDS :
- ROLLER OR FIXED
- ROLLER BOARDS
a. MORE SPACE
b. COMFORTABLE HEIGHT
c. WRITING DISAPPEARS FROM VIEW
 USING BOARDS

1) CHECK THAT ALL TRAINEES CAN SEE THE BOARD

2) REMOVE ALL OLD WORK AT THE START OF THE
LESSON
3) DIAGRAM SHOULD BE CLEAR AND SIMPLE
4) USE A TEMPLATE IF NECESSARY
5) WRITING SHOULD BE LARGE ENOUGH TO READ
6) AVOID SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
7) DO NOT WRITE AT ODD ANGLES
 CHALK BOARDS

1) HOW TO HOLD THE CHALK ?

2) HOW TO PRESENT THE CHALK TO THE BOARD ?
3) CHALK DUST IS PROBLEM
4) THE CHOICE OF COLOUR MUST BE CONSIDERED
5) YELLOW CHALK IS OFTEN BETTER
6) “DIAGRAM” A GRID CAN BE USED.
1) WHITE BOARDS
- LESS DUST
- THE CHOICE OF PEN CAN BE IMPORTANT
- TEST ON A SMALL AREA

2) MAGNETIC BOARDS
- SHAPED MAGNETS
- CARDS ATTACHED TO MAGNET
- EASY TO MOVE AROUND

3) FLIP CHARTS
- A LARGE PIECE OF PAPER
- TRANSFERABLE / RE-USEABLE
• EMPHASIS
- CAPITALS
- UNDERLINING
- COLOUR

• COLOUR
- A LITTLE ADDS – EMPHASIS
- TOO MUCH IS MESSY AND CONFUSING

• NEVER

TALK TO THE CLASS WHILE FACING THE BOARD

 THE OVERHEAD PROJECTOR

• ADVANTAGES
1) TRANSPARENCIES LAST A LONG TIME
2) THE INSTRUCTOR CAN OBSERVE THE TRAINEES
3) THE OHP IS REASONABLY RELIABLE
4) TRANSPARENCIES CAN BE MADE TO SUIT THE EXACT
REQUIREMENTS OF THE LESSON

• DIS - ADVANTAGES

1) NOISE
2) THE FAN CAN PRODUCE HEAT
3) THE FAN CAN PRODUCE A DRAUGHT
 OHP – PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

1) IS THE SCREEN VISIBLE TO ALL TRAINEES

2) SUITABLE LOCATION WITH REGARD TO REFLECTIONS FROM
BACKGROUND LIGHTING / SUNLIGHT
3) ARE TRANSPARENCIES CLEAR AND LEGIBLE TO ALL TRAINEES

POWERPOINT
- MODERN PROJECTION METHOD
- EASY TO UPDATE
- EXPENSIVE
 MAKING SLIDES

• LETTERING :
- STENCILS
- TRANSFERS
- WORD PROCESSING

• SIZE :
RECOMMENDED SIZE FOR OHP LETTERING
- LOWERCASE PRINTING : JUST OVER 4 mm
- UPPERCASE PRINTING : ROUGHLY 6 mm HIGH
- ORDINARY HANDWRITTING : ROUGHLY 6 mm HIGH
 SLIDES

• COLOUR : USE COLOUR FOR EFFECT

• LAY OUT
1) A SINGLE TOPIC ON EACH SLIDE
2) KEE IT SIMPLE AND UNCLUTTERED
3) AVOID THE EDGE, KEEP SUBJECT CENTRED
4) USE A MIXTURE OF UPPERR AND LOWER CASE
5) USE FEW WORDS
6) USE A MAXIMUM OF 5 OR 6 LINES

• CLEAR, CONCISE & UNCLUTTERED

 FOCUS

 MAKE SURE THE IMAGE IS IN BEFORE THE START OF LESSON

 A VOID KEYSTONE EFFECT – ANGLE THE SCREEN TO ADJUST,
ADJUST HEIGHT OF PROJECTOR
 USING WHITE BOARDS AS SCREEN MAY PRODUCE
REFLECTIONS
 TIMING – LEAVE THE IMAGE LONG ENOUGH FOR TRAINEES
TO READ IT
 POINTERS – A SMALL POINTER ON TOP OF THE OHP IS BEST
 POSITION – DO NOT STAND BETWEEN THE OHP AND THE
SCREEN
 OVERLAY TECHNIQUES – SOMETHING TO ILLUSTRATE USE
OVERLAY
 REVEAL TECHNIQUES – SOMETHING TO ILLUSTRATE BY
CLOSING
 HANDOUTS

 NEVER MIND HOW POOR THE TRAINING IS, THEY HAVE A

HANDOUTS

 HANDOUTS
- WHY IS THE HANDOT NEEDED ?
1) TO PROVIDE INFORMATION
2) TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE LEARNING
- WHEN WILL THE HANDOUT BE ISSUED ?
- WHAT TYPE OF HANDOUT ?
- ASSESSMENT ?
Exercises:
Please make a nice teaching
aid for your demonstration