PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

BY: SIGMUND FREUD

WHO IS SIGMUND FREUD?

FOUNDER OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
developed the psychoanalytic theory of
personality development which argued that
personality is formed through conflicts among
three fundamental structures of the human
mind: the id, ego, and super ego.
 PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
focus on development and dynamics of
personality
included in this theory is the idea that
things that happen to people during
childhood can contribute to the way they
later function as adults.
THREE ELEMENTS OF PERSONALITY:

 A. ID- is the only component present at birth

 -pleasure centered
 b.Ego-is the component that is responsible for
dealing with reality
 c.Super Ego-is the aspect of personality that
holds all of our internalized moral standards
 The ID
 According to Freud, the id is the source of all
psychic energy making it the primary
component of personality.
 is driven by the pleasure principle, which
strives for immediate gratification of all
desires, wants, and needs.
 is the primitive and instinctive component of
personality
The Ego
 The ego is 'that part of the id which has been modified
by the direct influence of the external world.

• In contrast to the instinctual id and the moral superego, the EGO is

the rational, pragmatic part of our personality. It is less primitive
than the id and is partly conscious and partly unconscious. It’s
what Freud considered to be the “self,” and its job is to balance
the demands of the id and superego in the practical context of
reality..
 Ego: Dealing With Reality

• Sally was thirsty. However, she knew that her server would be
back soon to refill her water glass, so she waited until then to
get a drink, even though she really just wanted to drink from
Mr. Smith's glass.
• Mary really wanted to borrow her mom's necklace, but knew
her mom would be angry if she took it without asking, so she
asked her mom if she could wear it.
Sigmund freud
Last component of
personality development is
“SUPEREGO”
 SUPEREGO
The Superego provides guidelines for making
judgments.
The Superego represents the norms and
qualities of the individual, his family and the
society and is an ethical constraint on the
behavior.
It operates on the moral principles.
Able to differentiate between good and bad,
what is right and wrong.
Example:

Sarah knew she could steal the

supplies from work and no one would
know about it. However, she knew that
stealing was wrong, so she decided not
to take anything even though she
would probably never caught.
Conclusion:

The Id, Ego and Superego are

inter-related.
In order to create normal
personality there must be a
proper balance in the relationship
among these three forces.
• Freud proposed that psychological
development in childhood takes place
during five psychosexual stages: oral,
anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
• ORAL STAGE (Birth to 1 year)
• ANAL STAGE (1 to 3 years)
• PHALLIC STAGE (3 to 6 years)
• LATENCY STAGE (6 to puberty)
• GENITAL STAGE (puberty to adult)
Erogenous Zone : Mouth
- During the oral stage, the infant’s primary
source of interaction occurs through mouth, so
the rooting and sucking reflex is especially
important
- The mouth is vital for eating, and the infant
derives pleasure from oral stimulation through
gratifying activities such as tasting and sucking.
- Also the infant is entirely dependent upon
caretakers, the infant also develops a sense of
trust and comfort through this oral stimulation
- A conflict at this stage occurs with a child being
weaned of the mother’s breast
■ Overeating
■ Smoking
■ Envy
■ Suspicion
■ Dependency
ANAL STAGE-in Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the period in a
child’s psychosexual development during which the child’s main
concerns are with the processes of elimination. The anal stage,
generally the second and third years of life, is held to be
significant for the child’s later development because the
acquisition of bowel control is presumed to be connected to other
forms of self-control, such as cleanliness and orderliness.
PHALLIC STAGE (3-6
YEARS)
- Sensitivity now becomes concentrated in the genitals and
masturbation (in both sexes) becomes a new sources of pleasure.
- Child becomes aware of anatomical sex differences, which sets in
motion the conflict between erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry,
jealousy and fear.
 OEDIPUS COMPLEX (in boys)
- Derived from the Greek myth where Oedipus, a young man, killed his father
and married her mother.
- In the young boy, the Oedipus complex or more correctly, conflict, arises
because the boy develops sexual desires for his mother.
- During phallic stage what the boy loves the most is his penis. Hence, the boy
develops castration anxiety.
 How this boy resolves his Oedipus Complex?

IDENTIFICATION
- imitating, copying and joining in masculine dad-type behaviors.
- internally adopting the values, attitudes, and behavior of another
person.
 ELECTRA COMPLEX (in girls)
- Stage where the girl develops subconscious sexual feelings toward her father.
- According to Greek mythology, Electra was the daughter of Agamemnon
and Clytemnestra. When Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus, killed
Agamemnon, Electra persuaded her brother kill both her mother and her
mother’s lover.
The Latency
Stage
The Latency Stage

 The child develops social and

intellectual skills.
The Latency Stage

 Energy is channeled into

emotionally safe areas.
The Latency Stage

 The child forgets the highly stressful

conflicts of the phallic stage.
 GENITAL STAGE
Puberty to Death
 sexual interest mature
 represents most of the person’s life
 The purpose of this is the
psychological detachment and
independence from the parents.
 In this stage it is centered upon the
genitalia
 The sexuality is consensual and adult
 GENITAL
Medical definition of GENITAL
Generative
Relating to, or being a sexual organ
*Relating to, charcterized by the stage of psychosexual development
in psychoanlitic theory following the latency period.
*Relating to , characterized by a personlity in the genital stage of
psychosexual development especilly a typified by normal
sexcual desire.
**ANAL STAGE, in FROUDIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY , the period of a child
psychosexual
development during which the child
main concern are which the process of elimination.
**ANAL SEX SAFE - Have a potential risks to avoid-medical news today (March 6,
2018).
**How to have anal sex / avert..SEX and STI unprotected.(April 19, 2018)
.ANAL SEX carriers a higher risk of HIV and other
sexually transmitted infections.
THANK YOU!!!