VISUAL ARTS

VISUAL ARTS

The visual arts are art forms that create works that are
primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing,
painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, film making, and architecture. Also
included within the visual arts are the applied arts such
as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design,
interior design and decorative art.
 Elements of Visual Arts
LINE
A line is the path of a moving point through space. Although lines can
vary in appearance, they are considered one-dimensional and are measured
by length. A line is used by an artist to control the viewer’s eye movement
and to create shapes. There are five kinds of lines: vertical, horizontal,
diagonal, curved, and zigzag.
SHAPE
A shape is a two-dimensional area enclosed by a line or other shapes and
is clearly designated in some way, generally by one or more of the other
visual elements. Although a form has depth, a shape has only width and
height. Shapes are either geometric or organic (free form).
TEXTURE
Texture is how things feel, or look as if they might feel, if
touched. Texture is perceived by touch and by sight. Objects can
have innumerable versions of rough or smooth textures and
matte or shiny surfaces. Visual texture produces the illusion that
something would feel rough, smooth, or soft if touched.
COLOR
Color is what the eye sees when light is reflected off an object.
It is the range of visual light in the spectrum and properties of
the pigments used in making visual art. The sensation of color is
aroused in the brain by the eye’s response to different
wavelengths of light. Color has three properties: hue, value, and
intensity.
VALUE
Value is the lightness or darkness of an object. Value depends
on how much light a surface reflects. Value is also one of the
three properties of color. When black or white are added to a
hue, the results will be a tint (white), tone (gray), or shade
(black).
SPACE
Space is the area occupied by an object or the area formed by
the absence of an object(s). It is the emptiness between, around,
above, below, or within objects. Shapes and form are defined by
these spaces. Positive space is the area within an object and
negative space is the area around the objects.
FORM
Form is three dimensional (length, height, depth of volume) shapes.
RHYTHM
It is a patterned organization of colors, lines, textures, or combinations
of art elements that create a pleasing effect. A visual rhythm will lead the
eye from one area to another in a rhythmical and orderly manner.
BALANCE
Balance is the perception of equilibrium between the elements in the
piece of art.
EMPHASIS
Emphasis is the focal point of interest in a piece created by accenting or
exaggerating a specific area or art element to create greater interest.
CONTRAST
It is the comparison of two elements that appear different
(values of light and dark). Strong contrasts are the most
dissimilar examples of an art element (dark-light, black-white).
UNITY
Unity is the perception of the parts of a piece and their
relationship with the dominant or unifying element.
CHIAROSCURO
It is the technique of using light and shade/dark in
art/pictorial representation.
Contemporary
Visual Artists
CESAR LEGASPI
• Born: April 2, 1917 – Died: April 7, 1994
• Filipino National Artist in painting
• An art director prior to going full-time in his visual art
practice in the 1960s.
• One of the Thirteen Moderns who promoted modern
arts in the country.
• He was a neo-realist whose important contribution to
modern art was his refinement of cubism in the
Philippine context.
• He indigenized cubism and produce artworks showing
local temperaments.
• He holds the record of five retrospective exhibitions at
different venues: the Museum of Philippine Art in 1978,
the National Museum and the Metropolitan Museum in
1988, and the Luz Gallery and the Cultural Center of the
Philippines in 1990.
Major Artworks:
The Beggars
The Stairway
The Ritual
Bayanihan
Idols of the Third Eye
Gadgets
HERNANDO OCAMPO
• Born: April 28, 1911 – Died: December 28, 1978
• Filipino National Artist in visual arts (1991)
• He is also a fictionist, a playwright and editor.
• Leading radical modernist artist in the Philippines
• One of the pre-war Thirteen Moderns, a group of
modernist artists founded by Victorio C. Edades in
1938.
• His most acknowledged was Genesis, which served as
the basis of curtain design in the Cultural Center of the
Philippines Main Theater.
• His works were exhibited in Washington, New York,
London, and Tokyo, among others.
• Awards received include: Republic Cultural Award in
1965; Patnubay ng Sd in 1969; Diwa ng Lahi Award in
1976; and Gawad CCP para sa Sining Award in 1979.
Major Artworks:
Genesis
Calvary
Slum Dwellers
Nude With Candle and Flower
The Resurrection
Fiesta
ARTURO LUZ
• Born: November 20, 1926
• Philippine National Artist awardee in visual arts (1997)
• He is also a known printmaker, sculptor, designer and art
administrator.
• A founding member of the modern Neo-realist school in
Philippine art.
• Influenced by Modernist painters such as Paul Klee, he has
worked in a variety of styles and techniques in varying
degrees of abstraction to create playful geometric figures
and forms.
• His international shows include the Philippine Cultural
Exhibition held in New York in 1953, Arte de America y
España in 1963, the 11th Sāo Paolo Biennial in 1971, the
Tokyo International Print Biennial in 1974, and the 8th
British International Print Biennale in 1984.
Major Artworks:
Procession
Bagong Taon
Candle Vendors
Night Glows
ANG KIUKOK (Ang Hwa Shing)
• Born: March 1, 1931 – Died: May 9, 2005
• Born to immigrant Chinese parents, Vicente Ang and Chin
Lim.
• Filipino painter of Chinese descent and was a National
Artist for Visual Arts (2001)
• One of the most vital and dynamic figures who emerged
during the 60’s.
• Blazed a formal and iconographic path of his own through
expressionistic works of high visual impact and compelling
meaning.
• Won the bronze medal in the 1st International Art Exhibition
held in Saigon (1962) for Pieta.
• His works can be found in many major art collections,
among them the Cultural Center of the Philippines, National
Historical Museum of Taipei, and the National Museum in
Singapore.
BENEDICTO CABRERA (BenCab)
ABDULMARI ASIA IMAO (Painting/Sculptor)
FREDERICO AGUILAR ALCUAS
FRANCISCO COCHING