

As shown in the figure an open beaker 6 cm in height is filled

with liquid benzene at 25ᵒC to within 0.5 cm of the top. A gentle
breeze of dry air at 25ᵒC and 1 atm is blown by a fan across the
mouth of the beaker so that evaporated benzene is carried away
by convection after it transfers through a stagnant air layer in the
beaker. The vapor pressure of benzene at 25ᵒC is 0.131 atm. The
mutual diffusion coefficient for benzene in air at 25ᵒC at 1 atm is
0.0905 cm2/s. Compute the log mean mole fraction at the two
ends of the stagnant layer, initial rate of evaporation of benzene
as a molar flux in mol/ cm2-s
  Given:
𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 0.0905 𝑐𝑚2 /𝑠
P*= 0.131 atm

Required:
NA . initial rate of evaporation of benzene as a molar flux
in mol/ cm2-s
XBLM , log mean mole fraction at the two ends of the
stagnant layer
 
Let A= Benzene B= air

For gas systems:

𝑃 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 𝑚𝑜𝑙
C= = 𝑎𝑡𝑚−𝑐𝑚3
= 4.09𝑥10−5
𝑅𝑇 82.06 𝐾−𝑚𝑜𝑙 (298𝐾) 𝑐𝑚3

Z1 = 0
Then Z2 - Z1 = 0.5 cm
 
 From Dalton’s Law
𝑃𝐴1 0.131 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑋𝐴1 = = = 0.131
𝑃 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑋𝐴2 = 0
Then,
𝑋𝐴1 − 𝑋𝐴2
𝑋𝐵𝐿𝑀 =
1 − 𝑋𝐴2
ln[ ]
1 − 𝑋𝐴1
 
𝑋𝐴1 −𝑋𝐴2 0.131−0
𝑋𝐵𝐿𝑀 = 1−𝑋𝐴 = 1−0 = 0.933
ln[1−𝑋 2 ] ln[1−0.131]
𝐴1

For unimolecular diffusion:

 
 Substituting values in the equation

𝑚𝑜𝑙
4.09𝑥10−5 (0.0905 cm2/s) 1−0
𝑁𝐴 = 𝑐𝑚3 ln( )
0.5 𝑐𝑚 1 − 0.131

𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑁𝐴 = 1.04𝑥10−6
𝑐𝑚2 − 𝑠
 
 A tank contains a mixture of 𝐶𝑂2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁2 in the
proportions of 0.2 and 0.8 at 1 bar and 290 K. It is
connected by a duct of sectional area of 0.1 𝑚2 to
another tank containing a mixture of 𝐶𝑂2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁2 in
the molar proportions of 0.8 and 0.2. The duct is 0.5
m long. Determine the diffusion rate of 𝐶𝑂2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑁2
𝑚2
with a diffusion coefficient 0.16x10−4
𝑠
 
0.5 m
𝑋𝐵1 = 0.2 𝑋𝐵2 = 0.8
𝑋𝐴1 = 0.8 𝑋𝐴2 = 0.2
A= 0.1 𝑚2
1 bar, 290
K
𝑁𝐴 𝑁𝐵

Let B= 𝐶𝑂2 ; A=𝑁2

Required: 𝑁𝐴 and 𝑁𝐵
 
 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
−4 𝑚 2
𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 𝐷𝐵𝐴 = 0.16𝑥10 ൗ𝑠
𝑁𝐴 = −𝑁𝐵
−𝐶𝐷𝐴𝐵
@ 𝑁𝐴 = 𝑋𝐴2 − 𝑋𝐴1
∆𝑧
𝐶𝐷𝐵𝐴
@ 𝑁𝐵 = 𝑋𝐵2 − 𝑋𝐵1
∆𝑧
 Substituting values:
Since C = P/RT
−𝑃𝐷

𝐴𝐵
𝑁𝐴 = 𝑋𝐴2 − 𝑋𝐴1
𝑅𝑇∆𝑧
2
𝑚
− 0.987 𝑎𝑡𝑚 0.16𝑥10−4
𝑁𝐴 = 𝑠 0.2 − 0.8
3−
𝑚 𝑎𝑡𝑚
0.08206 (290𝐾)(0.5 𝑚)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾

𝑁𝐴 = 7.96𝑥10−7 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚2 -s
 
𝐶𝐷𝐵𝐴
𝑁𝐵 = 𝑋𝐵2 − 𝑋𝐵1
∆𝑧
−𝑃𝐷𝐵𝐴
𝑁𝐵 = 𝑋𝐵2 − 𝑋𝐵1
𝑅𝑇∆𝑧
2
𝑚
− 0.987 𝑎𝑡𝑚 0.16𝑥10−4
𝑁𝐵 = 𝑠 0.8 − 0.2
3−
𝑚 𝑎𝑡𝑚
0.08206 (290𝐾)(0.5 𝑚)
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾

𝑁𝐵 = −7.96𝑥10−7 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚2 -s





In a wetted wall tower an air- 𝐻2 𝑆 mixture is flowing by a film of
water which is flowing as a thin film down a vertical plate. The 𝐻2 𝑆
is being absorb from the air to the water at the total pressure of 1.5
atm abs and 30℃. The value of K’c of 9.567 × 10−4 m/s has been
predicted for the gas-phase-mass transfer coefficient. At a given
point the mole fraction of 𝐻2 𝑆 in the liquid at the liquid-gas interface
is 2 × 10−5 and 𝑝𝐴 of 𝐻2 𝑆 in the gas is 0.05 atm. The Henry Law of
equilibrium relation is 𝑝𝐴 (atm)=609 𝑥𝐴 (mole fraction in liquids).
Calculate the rate of absorption of 𝐻2 𝑆.

Given:

𝑝𝐴1 = 0.05 𝑎𝑡𝑚

𝑥𝐴2 = 2 × 10−5
𝑝𝐴2 = 𝐻 𝑥𝐴2
𝑘𝑐′ = 9.567 × 10−4
𝑃𝑡 = 1.50 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑇 = 30℃
 𝑝𝐴1 = 609𝑥𝐴1
= 609 2 × 10−5
= 0.01218 atm

𝑝𝐵1 + 𝑝𝐴1 = 𝑝𝑡

𝑝𝐵1 = 𝑝𝑡 − 𝑝𝐴1
𝑝𝐵1 = 1.50 − 0.05
𝑝𝐵1 = 1.45

𝑝𝐵2 + 𝑝𝐴2 = 𝑝𝑡
𝑝𝐵2 = 𝑝𝑡 − 𝑝𝐴2
𝑝𝐵2 = 1.5 − 0.01218
𝑝𝐵2 = 1.48782
 
𝑝𝐵𝑀=𝑝𝐵2−𝑝𝐵1
𝑝
ln(𝑝𝐵2 )
𝐵1

1.48782 − 1.45
=
1.48782
ln( )
1.45

= 1.4688

𝑃𝑡
𝑘𝑐′ 𝐶 = 𝑘𝐺 𝑝𝐵𝑀 , 𝐶=
𝑅𝑇

𝑘𝑐′ 𝑝𝑡
𝑘𝐺 =
𝑝𝐵𝑀 𝑅𝑇
 𝑘𝑐′ 𝑝𝑡
 𝑘𝐺 =
𝑝𝐵𝑀 𝑅𝑇
(9.567×10−4 )(1.50)
 𝑘𝐺 =

(1.4688)(0.08205)(303)

 𝑘𝐺 = 3.931 × 10−5

 𝑁𝐴 = 𝑘𝐺 𝑝𝐴2 − 𝑝𝐴1
 𝑁𝐴 = 3.931 × 10−5 0.0128 − 0.05

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
 𝑁𝐴 = −1.486 × 10−6
𝑚2 𝑠