EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CANCER

CANCER

 Cancer is a disease of genes gone awry

 Genes that control the orderly replication of
cells become damaged, allowing the cell to
reproduce without restraint and eventually
to spread into neighboring tissues and set up
growths throughout the body
NEWS
TYPES
SMOKING
FREQUENCY
REDUCING CANCER DR
 The total number of people world-wide who have been diagnosed with
the 14 most common cancers during the previous five years, and are still
living with cancer in the year 2000.
 Data Vietnam, 2001

Nuber of
Type of cancers New Old
patients

Total 7,712 7 ,006 706

Cancerous 5,416 4,860 556

Benignant 2,296 2,146 150

Data Vietnam, 2001
Site Number of Rate%
patients
Breast 743 18.5
Lung and 571 14.2
bronchus
Nasopharynx 428 10.6
Colorectal 249 6.1
Lymphnode 239 5.9
Stomach 224 5.6
Cervix 205 5.1
Thyroid 115 2.9
Skin 115 2.9
Oesophagus 108 2.7
 Data Vietnam, 2001
Site Number of patients Rate %

Lung and bronchus 98 13.6

Stomach 78 10.8
Liver 75 10.4
Breast 73 10.1
Muscle 67 9.3
Penis 55 7.6
Bone 47 6.5
Lymphnode 42 5.8
Colorectal 30 4.2
Skin 27 3.7
Data Vietnam, 2001
Data Vietnam, 2001
Data Vietnam, 2001
5 Year Survival
 Linkage analysis

Scientists looking for a disease gene often begin by studying DNA

samples from members of 'disease families' that have numerous
relatives, over several generations, who have developed an illness
 Inherited forms of cancer represent perhaps 5 or 10 percent of all
cancers. The great majority of people who get brest cancer (or colon
cancer) acquire mutations during their lifetimes
 PATHOGENESIS

 Initiation, the first time exposure with

carcinogen
 Promotion, the next exposure with the same
carcinogen
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis
Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer
Prevention

 Primordial Prevention
 Primary Prevention
 Secondary Prevention
 Tertiary Prevention