THE HUMAN EYE

The Human Eye

The front part of the eye is covered
with a clear membrane called cornea.
The back part is covered by the retina
with its light-sensitive cells. The pupil,
iris and lens are between the cornea
and the retina.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Pupil
- the part of the eye that
looks black. It is a hole formed
by the iris and covered by the
clear cornea in front.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Iris
- is a ring of muscle that
controls the opening of the pupil
and regulates the amount of light
that enters the eye. The iris gives
the eye its color.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Iris
- in dim light, the iris contracts
and the pupil gets bigger. This
increases the amount of light that
enters the eye.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Cornea
- a transparent surface that
protects the eye from dust. It also
acts as lens, bending rays of light
as they enter the eye.
 Parts of the Human Eye
Cornea
- together with the lens act as
converging lens that refracts light
as it enters the eye. This
converging lens focuses light to
form a real, inverted image on the
retina.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Retina
- is the layer of cells lining the
inside of the eyeball. It is made up
of millions of tiny, light-sensitive
cells called rods and cones.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Rods
- contain pigments that
distinguish among black, white and
shades of gray.
 Parts of the Human Eye

Cones
- contain pigments that detect
colors of red light, green light and
blue light. They only function in
bright light.
 ACCOMMODATION

The ability of the eye to focus

on objects at different
distances.
 COMMON EYE DEFECTS
Nearsightedness or short-sightedness
(Myopia)
- a myopic person can see near objects
clearly but cannot focus distant objects.
- the eye ball is too long
- distant objects appear blurred
because the image gets focused in front of
the retina
 COMMON EYE DEFECTS
Nearsightedness or short-sightedness
(Myopia)
- it can be corrected by using concave
or diverging lens
 COMMON EYE DEFECTS
Farsightedness or long-sightedness
(Hyperopia)
- A hyperopic person can only clearly
see distant objects. Near objects appear
blurred because the image gets focused at
the back of the retina.
- the eye ball is too short
- can be corrected using convex or
converging lens.
 The Camera
- A boxlike device for taking pictures, it
is modeled after the human eye.
 Parts of a Camera
Shutter
- opens and closes the camera.
- it corresponds to the pupil
Aperture
- allows light to hit the film
 Parts of a Camera
Diaphragm
- controls the amount of light that
enters the camera by changing the size
of the aperture
- it corresponds to the iris
 Parts of a Camera
Lens
- focuses the light to form real
image on the film.
Film
- corresponds to the retina of the
eye
- it is where the image is formed
 The Magnifying Glass
- A single convex lens that is used to
magnify upright image of an object.
 Microscope
- Made up of two converging lenses,
the first lens is called objective lens,
the second is called eyepiece.