GATHER`S INFORMATION

FROM SURVEY`S,
EXPERIMENT`S, OR
OBSERVATION`S
MEANING OF SURVEY

A survey is a data collection tool used to gather

information about individuals. Surveys are
commonly used in psychology research to
collect self-report data from study
participants. A survey may focus on
factual information about individuals, or it
might aim to obtain the opinions of
the survey takers.
MEANING OF EXPERIMENT

An experiment is a procedure carried out

to support, refute, or validate
a hypothesis. Experiments vary greatly
in goal and scale, but always rely on
repeatable procedure and logical
analysis of the results. There also
exists natural experimental studies.
OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Observes individuals and measures

variables of interest but does not
attempt to influence the responses. This
study is a poor way to gauge the effect
that changes in one variable has on
another.
EXPERIMENT VS. OBSERVATIONAL
An experiment imposes a treatment on
individuals to collect data on their response
to the treatment.
An observational study observes individuals and
measures variables without controlling the
individuals or their environment in any way.
KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SURVEY AND EXPERIMENT
THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SURVEY AND EXPERIMENT CAN BE
DRAWN CLEARLY ON THE FOLLOWING GROUNDS:

A technique of gathering information regarding a variable

under study, from the respondents of the population, is
called survey. A scientific procedure wherein the factor
under study is isolated to test hypothesis is called an
experiment.
Surveys are performed when the research is of descriptive
nature, whereas in the case of experiments are conducted
in experimental research.
--The survey samples are large as the response rate is
low, especially when the survey is conducted through
mailed questionnaire. On the other hand, samples
required in the case of experiments is relatively
small.
--Surveys are considered suitable for social and
behavioural science. As against this, experiments are
an important characteristic of physical and natural
sciences.
--Field research refers to the research conducted outside the
laboratory or workplace. Surveys are the best example of field
research. On the contrary, Experiment is an example of
laboratory research. A laboratory research is nothing but
research carried on inside the room equipped with scientific
tools and equipment.
--In surveys, the data collection methods employed can either be
observation, interview, questionnaire, or case study. As opposed
to experiment, the data is obtained through several readings of
the experiment.
ADVANTAGES OF SURVEYS:
• can be administered in a variety of
forms (telephone, mail, on-line, mall
interview, etc.)
• are efficient for collecting data from a
large population
• can be designed to focus only on the
needed response questions
• are applicable to a wide range of
topics
DISADVANTAGES OF SURVEYS:

• are dependent upon the respondent's

honesty and motivation when answering
• can be flawed by non-response
• can possess questions or answer
choices that may be interpreted
differently by different
respondents (such as the choice "agree
slightly")
ThaT’s all. Thank
you!!!