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DEVELOPMENT,
SEWERAGE SYSTEMS,
DRAINAGE AND RIVER
STRUCTURES
GROUNDWATER
DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS GROUNDWATER?
• ƒSurveying;
• ƒMathematical modeling
Introduction
Groundwater development is • Surveying is the initial stage of
designed to satisfy a certain demand any groundwater exploitation
of water or to assess the groundwater system and primarily deals with
resources of a watershed. Therefore the identification of the
it comprises the following highly perspective zones. Broad use is
interrelated phases: made at this stage of geological,
geomorphological, geophysical
• ƒSurveying; and special hydrological methods.
Exploration boreholes are drilled
and pumping and permeability
• ƒConstruction of abstraction tests are developed in order to
systems; obtain numeric indices of
groundwater potential. Chemical
• ƒDesign, construction, operation analysis of water and, sometimes,
and optimization of monitoring of rocks and sediments is also
networks, and performed in order to clarify the
process governing water
composition and quality.
• ƒMathematical modeling.
• Construction of abstraction systems where aquifer
• Mathematical modeling is required to manage
potential and water quality allows exploitation is groundwater resources. Therefore the construction
usually the second stage. Wells, trenches and springs of a mathematical model is commonly a phase of
are then adequately built or adapted. Wells are built groundwater development linked with the design,
with the diameter, depth, casing and filters derived operation and optimization of the monitoring
network. This stage is not always necessary,
from the results of the surveying phase. Wells and although it can be used in other stages, in order to
trenches are tested again to define efficiency. In save time and money, such as in surveying, or in
some cases protection perimeters could be required, the reorientationof surveying, in well data
and computations are processing, in geochemical hydrodynamic
assessments, etc.
performed for their proper design. A maintenanc program
for the abstraction system is identified at this stage
They control how groundwaters are formed, move, gain their chemical composition, and
vary in amount and availability. These factors are of different nature and involve
geodynamics,morphodynamics, climate, hydrodynamic, geochemistry and thermodynamics Groundwater occurrence depends upon the
interrelation of several groups of factors.
They control how groundwaters are formed, move, gain their chemical composition, and
vary in amount and availability. These factors are of different nature and involve
geodynamics,