Classification of Polycystic Ovary

Syndrome from Ultrasound

Images using Machine Learning

C. Gopalakrishnan Dr. M. Iyapparaja

17PHD0202 Associate Professor
(Internal Full-Time) (Research Supervisor)

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Grade Summary

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Agenda
• Introduction
• Literature Survey
• Problem Statement
• Research Objectives
• Methodologies
• Conclusion
• References

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Introduction

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition

that affects a woman's hormone levels.
• Women with PCOS produce higher-than-normal
amounts of male hormones.
• This hormone imbalance causes them to skip
menstrual periods and makes it harder for them to get
into pregnancy.

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Ultrasound Image

• Medical ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique

based on the application of ultrasound.

• It is used to create an image of internal body structures

such as muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal
organs.

• It’s aim is to find a source of a disease or to exclude

pathology.

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Literature Survey
S.No. Title Author Year Journal

Image Segmentation for Palvi Soni and 2019 International Journal

Detecting Polycystic Ovarian Sheveta Vashisht of Computer Science
1 Disease using Deep Neural and Engineering
Networks

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Seema Patel 2018 The Journal of

(PCOS), an inflammatory,
systematic, lifestyle Steroid Biochemistry
2
endocrinopathy and Molecular
Biology
An Implementation of Elman I. F. Thufailah et al. 2018 Journal of Physics
Neural Network for Polycystic
3 Ovary Classification based on
Ultrasound Images

Exploration on Polycystic Palvi Soni and 2018 IEEE

Ovarian Syndrome and Data Sheveta Vashisht
4 Mining Techniques
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Cont..
S.No. Title Author Year Journal

A Hybrid Model of PSO O. R. Isah et al. 2017 International Journal

Algorithm and Artificial Neural of Bioautomation
5 Network for Automatic Follicle
Classification

A Classification of Polycystic Bedy Purnama et al. 2015 IEEE

Ovary Syndrome based on
6 Follicle Detection of
Ultrasound Images

An Effective Automated Ranjitha Sitheswaran 2014 IEEE

System in Follicle and Dr. S. Malarkhodi
Identification for Polycystic
7
Ovary Syndrome using
Ultrasound Images

Segmentation of Polycystic H. Prassana Kumar 2014 IEEE

Ovary in Ultrasound Images and S. Srinivasan
8
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Problem Statement
1. In real time, the detection of PCOS is a difficult task for
radiologists due to the various sizes of follicles and is highly
connected with blood vessels and tissues.

2. Extraction of features and removing noise from ultrasound

images is still a challenging task.

3. Classification of large amount of data should be considered.

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Research Objectives
1. To propose an active contour model with modified OTSU
method for feature extraction.

2. To propose a neural network model for the follicle

classification from segmented images.

3. To propose a hybrid model for the classification of follicles

based on the extracted features.

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Proposed Methodology
Problem Definition:

• Generally, obstetrician can directly identify PCO follicles. However,

extensive time is needed to conduct a series of analysis.

• In this research, an application is designed to help physicians

to detect PCOS follicles.

• The proposed method is preprocessing and feature extraction

phases.

• In the classification phase, SVM are used to discriminate the

samples.
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Cont..
General Architecture

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Cont..

Medical Ultrasound Images

• The dataset has been collected from Nandhini Sri Diagnostic Center.

• Original ultrasound image of the ovary is considered as input. There

are 65 images, consist of 35 normal ovary images and 30 PCO ovary
images.

• All of the data have been validated by physicians.

• The input images are in gray scale format.

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Cont..

Image Pre-Processing
• The information needed is only the background and
foreground. Therefore, binarization is performed, resulting in black
background and white foreground.

• Binary images are sharpened and cleared to gain the desired

follicle data through morphology process within erosion and
dilation. Output of the preprocessing stage is binary images
containing follicles detected as white objects.

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Cont..
Segmentation

• This stage is needed to distinguish the background of the

image from the desired object for easier analysis.

• The initial step of this stage is edge detection using

Canny method.

• The follicle in the image is cropped in bounding box. Each

follicle becomes a new image to be processed in the next stage.

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Cont..

Before Segmentation After Segmentation

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Cont..
Feature Extraction
• In this stage, the essential features of segmented follicle images are
extracted.

• Gabor wavelet method is applied to produce filter that is adjustable to

the configuration of frequency and orientation utilized.

• The more combinations used, the more feature vectors produced.

However, only the important vectors are in use, i.e. vectors that
represent PCO and non-PCO follicles, for easier identification.

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Cont..
Classification
• Support Vector Machine Classification Algorithm is used to train and
evaluate the model.

• A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a discriminative classifier formally

defined by a separating hyper plane.

• Given labelled training data (supervised learning), the algorithm outputs an

optimal hyper plane which categorizes new examples.

• Linear Kernel is used, since the data is linearly separable, that is, it can be
separated using a single line (hyper plane).

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Objective - 1
To propose an active contour model with modified OTSU method
for feature extraction.

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Objective - 2
To propose a neural network model for the classification of
follicles based on the extracted features.

Workflow Architecture for Objective 2

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 Objective - 3
• To propose a hybrid model for the classification of large dataset of
ultrasound images.

Ultrasonogra Proposed Feature Hybrid

Start phy Images Extraction Classification Model

Predicted
Preprocessing Segmentation Output End
Process

Workflow Architecture for Objective 3

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Conclusion
• The automatic diagnostic method reduces the trouble of the
radiologist and Gynecologists without give up the accuracy of
diagnosis.

• This work will be look forward to helpful in the development of

software tool embedded in the ultrasound system.

• In future the segmented images are classified using best

classification method with large database.

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Publications
• A Detailed study on Detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from
Ultrasound Images of Ovaries - International Journal of Recent Technology
and Engineering - (EIC Decision is Pending)
• Detection of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from Ultrasound Images using
SIFT Descriptors. International Journal of Networking Technologies and
Applications, DOI: 10.9756/BIJSESC.9017

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References
1. Soni, P., & Vashisht, S. (2019). Image Segmentation for detecting
Polycystic Ovarian Disease using Deep Neural Networks.
2. Patel, S. (2018). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an
inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy. The Journal of
steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 182, 27-36.
3. Isah, O. R., Usman, A. D., & Tekanyi, A. M. S. (2017). A Hybrid
Model of PSO Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network for
Automatic Follicle Classification. International Journal
Bioautomation, 21(1).
4. Thufailah, I. F., & Wisesty, U. N. (2018, March). An implementation
of Elman neural network for polycystic ovary classification based on
ultrasound images. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol.
971, No. 1, p. 012016). IOP Publishing.

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Cont..
5. Purnama, B., Wisesti, U. N., Nhita, F., Gayatri, A., & Mutiah, T. (2015,
May). A classification of polycystic Ovary Syndrome based on follicle
detection of ultrasound images. In 2015 3rd International Conference on
Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT) (pp. 396-401).
IEEE.
6. Sitheswaran, R., & Malarkhodi, S. (2014, February). An effective
automated system in follicle identification for Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome using ultrasound images. In 2014 International Conference on
Electronics and Communication Systems (ICECS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
7. Kumar, H. P., & Srinivasan, S. (2014, July). Segmentation of polycystic
ovary in ultrasound images. In Second International Conference on
Current Trends In Engineering and Technology-ICCTET 2014 (pp. 237-
240). IEEE.
8. Soni, P., & Vashisht, S. (2018, October). Exploration on Polycystic
Ovarian Syndrome and Data Mining Techniques. In 2018 3rd
International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems
(ICCES) (pp. 816-820). IEEE.
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 Thank You

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