CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM, IT'S

BACKGROUND AND REVIEW
OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES
Introduction
Banana is a widely known fruit and
is commonly consumed by Filipinos.
Also banana are one of the most
widely consumed fruits in the world
for good reason. Eating them could
help lower
blood pressure and reduce the risk of
cancer and asthma. (Ware, 2017)

However, the outer skin which is called

banana peel has also become major
contributors of wastages.

Banana peel are the most important

from diseases, getting rid of the free
radicals, as they contain vitamins and
minerals which are antioxidants, in
addition to phenols. Previous studies
have proved the exist part that helps in
protecting the body ence of vitamin C,E
and B6 in banana
 Out of 7.5 billion people in the
world, 71% (5.2 billion) of the global
population used a safely managed
drinking water service. Two billion
people used drinking water sources
contaminated with feces ( water facts,
n.d.).
With regards to the problem on water
contaminated an banana peels
wastages. Researches aims to find a
solution by utilizing those banana peels
and turning it into a water filter. Banana
peels can absorb the toxic
that water contain.

Based on the details

aforementioned, the researchers are
eager to determined the use and
effectiveness of banana peel as a
water filter.
Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

1.The
procedures
undertaken to
transform the
banana peel 1.Experiment
The Use and
into water filter. Study.
Effectiveness
2. Knowing the
of Banana
place does the
Peel as a
water came 2. Observation
Water Filter
from.
3. The physical
changes in
water sample
after using
banana peel as
4 The significant
relationship of
source of water
sample to the
effectiveness of
banana peel
as water filter.
5.The sector of
the community
that will benefit
in the product.
 The figure shown above is the
framework to the study is anchored. It is
consist of three levels, namely input,
process, and output. The input included
the procedure undertaken to transform
banana peels as water filter, the place
where the water came from, the physical
changes in water after using banana peel
as water filter in terms of color,
appearance, and viscosity. The significant
relationship of source of water sample to the
effectiveness of banana peel as a water
filter, and the sector of community that will
benefit in the product. The process include
the experiment study and the observation.
Finally, the output included the use and
effectiveness of banana peel as a water
filter.
The process included the experiment,
evaluation of water through taste and
survey. Finally, the output included the
level of effectiveness of water filter using
banana peel.
Statement of the Problem
The study aims to determine the
use and effectiveness of banana
peels as water filter. The
researchers shall seek the answers
on the following questions:
1. What are the procedures undertaken to
transform banana peels into water filter?

2. Where does the water came from?

3. What are the physical changes in water sample

after using banana peels as a water filter?

4. Is there a significant relationship of source of

water to the effectiveness of banana peel as
water filter?
5. Who are the sector of the community that
will benefit in the product?
Hypothesis

There is a significant relationship of source of water

to the effectiveness of banana peel as water filter.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study shall benefits the rural

community to help the community to have a clean and
filtered water.
Water station Owner.
The result shall aid the business
owner to have an economical way to
purifying their water
Community.
They shall benefit in the study by
acquiring a clean water that came from
these banana peels which seems useless
before but now became helpful for them.
Teacher.
To provide some information about the
benefit of banana peel in minimizing
wastages and providing clean water at the
same time.
Students.
To help or to add some knowledge to
help their parents to save money instead of
buying an expensive water filter.
Future Researchers.
To help them to come up a new version
of the product that can easily reliable for the
product.
Scope and Delimitations
This study focus on determination of the
use and effectiveness of banana peels as
water filter. The water will be undergo
observation and microbiological analysis
after using the banana peel. The water
sample shall be taken from Guiguinto,
Bulacan and Brgy. Parada, Valenzuela City.
Review of Related Literature
Foreign literature
A Unique Water Filtration Using Bananas

The need of clean water is undeniable,

especially in a serious survival situation. The
body simply cannot function without water for
more than a couple of day. Plus, it is needed
not only for drinking, but also cooking,
cleaning, and sanitizing. The problem is that
even if the water is available during or after
the situation, it might not be clean or filtered
in order to ensure its safety. To make a
water filter using banana peel, first it needed
to be use a dehydrator to dry the peels of
the banana. Second, place the peels into
food processors or dice finely with a sharp
knife. The peels can be in the form of a
powder or small chunks whichever
is preferred. Third, fill a coffee filter or
cheesecloth with cut up peels. Fourth,
simply pour the water through the filter and
enjoy the freshly filtered container water.

Banana peels is effective method of

filtration. Also banana peels is
effective inremoving the heavy
metals, and use of purifications
tablets for killing bacteria. (
Peterson,2014)
Banana Peels as a Floor Wax

According to Grimes (n.d) floor waxing

is essential to maintain the shiny gloss of
wooden. And buying a ready-made floor wax
prohibitively expensive. But mixing the raw
crystals and kerosene with the banana peels
to made a suitable polishing for wooden
floors. This home-made floor wax can be
comparable in shine and smoothness for the
commercial products.
Local Study
Banana peel as a Skin Care
Health benefits of banana peel that
people should know, it has medicinal
properties that can treat some diseases in
the body. Its peel must not be thrown after
eating because it can still be used. Banana
is one of the most popular fruit in the world
due to its sweet and delicious taste. It can
usually be found in a tropical country such
as the Philippines. This fruit is commonly
eaten raw or cooked and sometimes mixed
in some dishes especially in deserts. Aside
from being a delicious fruit, it contains a lot
of nutrients and benefits that are beneficial
to the body. People usually ignore banana
peel and throw them after eating the flesh
without knowing its benefits and purpose.
The peels can help a person to relieve a
delicious fruit, it contains a lot of nutrients
and benefits that are beneficial to the body.
People usually ignore banana peel and
throw them after eating the flesh without
knowing its benefits and purpose. The peels
can help a person to relieve a headache by
placing it across the forehead because
bananas are high in potassium. Eliminates
warts by rubbing and placing the peel on
affected areas overnight by securing it with a
bandage.(Nelz,2016)
Green plantain peels contain 40% starch
that is fully transformed into sugars after
ripening. Green banana peels contain much
less starch (about 15%) when green while
ripe banana peels contain up to 30% free
sugars. Lignin content increases with
ripening (from 7 to 15% DM). ( HappiEmaga
et al., 2011)

Banana peels as a Slippers

According to Ng (n.d) who started the
the banana peels as a flip-flops since 2002
with a trendy designs. Mrs. Ng noticed back
then how slippers were considered as a
footwear outside the home in the
Philippines. Back then when Mrs. Ng time as
a student at the University of California,
Berkeley, it was common to see the locals to
wear a slippers everywhere. But to make
their flip-flops stand–out, Mrs. Ng thought of
making flip=flops that visually appealing.
Placing beside in plain slippers, the Banana
Peel’s flip-flops that surely can appeal more
costumer’s visual senses.

Don’t Throw Away Banana Peels

According to Akilit (n.d) who used to work for the

National Irrigation Administration (NIA) of the Philippines.
The banana is one of the most common agricultural
products. Banana process into chips,juice,wine,etc. But this
man sells bottled banana peels vinegar at the organic
product shop that the cooperative owns. The
banana peel vinegar on consignment in big
supermarkets and shopping malls.
Definitions of Terms

The following terms here are

conceptually and operationally defined for
better understanding of the readers.
Contaminate. According to Dictionary.com
contaminated is to make impure or
unsuitable by contact or mixture with
something unclean, or render to harmful.

Experiment. According to Idoceonline.com

a scientific test done to find out how
something reacts under certain
conditions, or to find out if a particular
idea is true.
Experiment. According to Idoceonline.com
a scientific test done to find out how
something reacts under certain
conditions,or to find out if a particular
 idea is true.

Filtration. According to Macmillan Dictionary

removing the solid parts from liquid are not
wanted to liquid or gas.

Microbiological. According to Collins

Dictionary refers to studies or test relating to
very small living things such as bacteria and
effects on people.

Analysis. According to Cambridge

Academic Content Dictionary is the process
of studying or examining something in an
organize way to learn more about it, or
particular study of something.

Relationship. According to Google Dictionary

is the way in which two or more concepts,
objects or people are connected or the state
of being connected.
 CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY
This discusses the research design,
research locale or setting, sample and
sampling techniques, the materials and
methods applied in creating the
product, data gathering procedure,
statistical treatment.
Research Design

The researchers use a experimental

method. Which is include the
effectiveness of banana peel as a water
filter. How the process or procedure ,
knowing the effective of banana peel in
water. Experimental on the

water from artesian well. So researchers

come up on idea or experimenting how
usable and effectible the banana peel.(
Peterson,2014)
Research Locale
This study conducted in barangay
Tiaong, Giguinto, Bulacan and in Brgy.
Parada, Valenzuela city . Tiaong is a
barangay in municipality of Giguinto in the
province of Bulacan the population in
baranggay Tiaong was 7540 base on
census (2018) this presented 7.66% of the
total population of Giguinto. Parada is
literally means ''to park'' it was once a
parking lot of horse carriages during colonial
times. They celebrate fiesta every eastern
and are famous textile factories such as
Hermosa and target. Around 30,000
residents live in this 88 square hectare
barangay.
Date Gathering Procedure

1. The researchers think a problem that

our society facing in.

2. The researchers study and made a

research on the background of the
chosen topic.

3. After the topic was studied , the

first and second chapter was
accomplished.

4. The researchers selected the Barangay

Parada in Valenzuela City and Baranagy
Tiaong in Guiguinto, Bulacan
where the study is conducted .
5. The researchers use the
microbiological test to determine the
cleanliness of the filtered water using
banana peel.
6. The data gathered from the
respondents are used to determine the
effectiveness of Banana Peels as a Water
Filter.
Materials and Method Employed

Materials
Dry Banana Peels
Cheese Cloth
Litmus Paper
Strainer
Clean Bottle
Procedure
1.Prepare the materials and ingredients
needed.
2.Peel and wash the banana.
3.Dry the peels of banana.
4.Put a dry peels in a cheese cloth .
5.Strain the filtered water.
6.After straining in the strainer, strain it in
clean cloth.
7. Test the water using litmus paper blue
and red, blue if the alkaline increasing
then red if the acidity level is
decreasing.
Statistical Treatment

The Pearson Coefficient of

Correlation− is a statistical measure that
calculates the strength of the relationship
between the relative movements of the two
variables. The range of values for the
correlation coefficient bounded by
1.0 on an absolute values basis or between
−1.0 to 1.0. If the correlation coefficient is
greater than 1.0 or less than −1.0, the
correlation measurement is incorrect. A
correlation of −1.0 shows a perfect negative
correlation, while a correlation of 1.0 shows
a perfect positive correlation. A correlation
of 0.0 shows zero or no relationship
between the movement of the two
variables. ( Kento,2018)
• Where:
• r= the Pearson Product Moment
Coefficient of Correlation
• n= sample size
• Ʃ x y= the sum of the product of x and
y
• Ʃx Ʃy= the product of the sum of Ʃx
and the sum Ʃy
• Ʃ x²= sum of squares of x

• Ʃ y²= sum of squares of y

Where is:
• X= is known for the level of the
effectiveness of banana peel as a water
filter using the water coming the Guiguinto,
Bulacan.
• Y= is know for the level of effectiveness of
banana peel as a water filter using the
water coming from Valenzuela City.