BASIC SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS: EDUCATION

EDUCATION
• The word “Education” has been derived from the latin
term “Educatum” which means the act of teaching or
training. A group of educationists say that it has come
from another Latin word “Educare” which means “to bring
up” or “to raise”.
• According to few others, the word “Education” has
originated from another Latin term “Educere” which
means “to lead forth” or “to come out”.
 What is Education?
• Education is the guiding to light in the path of our
success. Education can be defined as the process of
acquiring knowledge, belief, values, skill and habits, which
teaches us to be a true human being. Whatever we learnt
whether imposed or willingly comes under the domain of
education.
 The Purpose of Education
• to transmit the knowledge, skills, behavior patterns and
values necessary for people to become functioning
members of society
 What are the functions of schools
• mcNergney and Herbet (2001) described the school
as,first and foremost a social instituion, that is, an
established organization having an identifiable structure
and a set of functions meant to preserve and extend
social order.
 Difference of Home and School

Home School
• Profoundly personal • Professional
• informal • formal
• unstructured way • structured way
 Functions of schools

• Technical/Ecomic functions
• Human/Social functions
• Political functions
• Cultural functions
• Educational functions
 Technical/Economic functions
• refer to the contributions of schools to the technical or
economic development and needs of the individual, the
institution, the local community, the society, and the
international community.
 Human/Social functions
• refer to the contribution of schools to human development
and social relationship at different levels of the society.
*At The Individual Level
• school help develop students to develop their potentials
psychologically, socially, and physically.

*At The Institutional Level

• A school is a social system composed of differet human
relationship
* At The Community and Society Levels
• A school serve the social needs or funstions of the local
community,
• support social integration of multiple and diverse constituencies of
society,
• facilitate the social mobility within the existing social class
structure
• select and allocate competent people to appropriate roles and
position
• contribute to social change and development in the long run
*At the International Level
• schools are expected to play an important role in
preparing students for international harmony, social
cooperation, global human relationship and elimination of
national, regional, racial and gender biases.
 Political functions
• refer to the contribution of schools to the political
development at different levels of society.
*At The Individual Level
• school help student to develop positive civic attitudes and
skills to exercise the rights and responsibilities of
citizenship.
*At The Institutional Level
• schools act as a place for systematically socializing
students into a set of political norms, values, and beliefs,
or for critically discussing and reflecting on the existing
political events.
• schools often beccome a political coalition of teachers,
parents, and students that can contribute to the stability of
the political power structure.
* At The Community and Society Levels
• school play an important role to serve the political needs of the
local community
• maintain the stability of the political structure
• promote awareness and movement of democracy
• facilitate the planned political development and changes
At The International Level
• the growing awareness of international dependence
reinforces the need for the contribution of school
education to international understanding, global common
interest, international coalitions, peace movement against
war, and eliminations of conficts between region and
nations.
 Cultural function
• refer to the contribution of schools to the cultural
transmission and development at different levels of
society.
*At The Individual Level
• school help students to develop their creativity and
aesthetic and to be socialize with the successful norms,
values, and beliefs of society.
*At The Individual Level
• school act as a place for systematic cultural transmission
to and reproduction of the next generation, cultural
integration among the multiple and diverse constituencies,
and cultural revitalization of the outdated poor traditions.
At The Institution Level
• school often serve as a cultural unit carrying the explicit
norms and expectations of the local community,
• Revitalize the strengths of the existing culture such that
the society or nation can reduce internal conflicts and
wastage
• transmit all the important values and artifacts of society to
students
• build up a unifying force for national conflicts.
*At The International Level
• schools can encourage appreciation of cultural diversity
and acceptance of different norms, traditions, values, and
beliefs in different countries and regions, and finally
contribute to the development of global culture through
integration of different cultures.
 Educational functions
• refer to the contribution of schools to the development
and maintenance of education at the different levels of
society.
*At The Individual Level
• it is important for schools to help students how to learn
and help teachers to learn how to teach
• Facilitating teacher's professional development
*At The Institutional Level
• school serve as a systematic place for a systematic learning,
teaching, and disseminating knowledge, and as a center for
systematically experimenting and implementing educational
changes and development
*At The Institutional Level
• schools provide service for different educational needs of local
community
• facilitate development of education professions and education
structures,
• dissemenate knowledge and information to the next generation
*At The International Level
• in order to promote mutual understanding among nations
and build “ buil up a global family” for the younger
generation, schools can contribute to the development of
global education and international education exchange
and cooperation
• schools can make an important contribution to education
for the whole world