Lydia Hall

(1906 - 1969)
 LYDIA ELOISE HALL
WAS BORN IN NEW YORK CITY ON SEPTEMBER 21, 1906
BASIC NURSING EDUCATION IN 1927
BACHELORS IN PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING IN 1937
MASTERS IN TEACHING NATURAL SCIENCES IN 1942
FIRST DIRECTOR OF LOEB CENTER FOR NURSING
NURSING EXPERIENCE IN CLINICAL, EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND SUPERVISOR ROLE
Lydia Hall believed that patient outcomes are
improved by direct care as given by the
professional nurse. She stood against the turning
over of care when a patient is stabilized to
practical nurses and argued against the concept
of team nursing. She saw nursing as interacting
with the person, called “the core”, the body
called “the care”, and the disease called the
cure.
 THE CARE
NURTURING THE COMPONENT OF CARE AND IS EXCLUSIVE TO NURSING.
MOTHERLY CARE AND COMPONENT OF PATIENT.
PROVIDES TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES.
NURSES GOAL IS TO GIVE CARE AND COMFORT TO THE PATIENT.
NURSES PROVIDES BODILY CARE FOR THE PATIENT.
PATIENT MAY EXPLORE AND SHARE FEELINGS WITH THE NURSE.
WHEN FUNCTIONING IN THE CARE CIRCLE, THE NURSES APPLY KNOWLEDGE OF THE NATURAL AND BIOLOGICAL
SCIENCES.
THE PATIENT VIEWS THE NURSE AS POTENTIAL COMFORTER, ONE WHO PROVIDES CARE AND COMFORT THROUGH
THE LYING OF HANDS.
 THE CORE
PATIENT CARE IS BASED ON SOCIAL SCIENCES.
INVOLVES THERAPEUTIC USE OF SELF AND IS SHARED WITH OTHER TEAM MEMBERS.
BY DEVELOPING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PATIENT, THE NURSE IS ABLE TO
HELP THE PATIENT VERBALLY EXPRESS FEELINGS REGARDING THE DISEASE PROCESS AND IT’S
EFFECTS.
PATIENT IS ABLE TO GAIN SELF-IDENTITY AND FURTHER DEVELOP MATURITY.
PATIENT IS ABLE TO MAKE CONSCIOUS DECISION.
 THE CURE
CURE BASED ON PATHOLOGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC SCIENCES.
APPLICATION OF MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE BY NURSES.
NURSE ASSISTING THE DOCTORS IN PERFORMING DIFFERENT PROCEDURES.
NURSE IS PATIENT ADVOCATE IN THIS CIRCLE.
THE CURE ASPECT IS DIFFERENT FROM THE CARE CIRCLE BECAUSE MANY OF NURSE’S ACTION CHANGES
FROM A NEGATIVE QUALITY OF AVOIDANCE OF PAIN RATHER THAN A POSITIVE QUALITY OF COMFORT.
NURSES ROLE CHANGES TO POSITIVE QUALITY TO NEGATIVE QUALITY.
HALL’S NURSING PARADIGM
•INDIVIDUAL
•HEALTH
•NURSING
•ENVIRONMENT
INDIVIDUAL
• PERSONS WHO ARE MORE THAN 16 YEARS OLD AND IN THE LONG-TERM
ILLNESS ARE THE FOCUS OF HALL’S WORK.
• HALL EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL AS UNIQUE,
CAPABLE OF GROWTH, LEARNING AND REQUIRING A TOTAL PERSON
APPROACH.
HEALTH
• INFERRED TO BE A STATE OF SELF-AWARENESS WITH CONSCIOUS
SELECTION OF BEHAVIORS.
• HALL STRESSES THE NEED TO HELP THE PERSON EXPLORE THE MEANING OF
HIS OR HER BEHAVIOR TO IDENTIFY AND OVERCOME PROBLEMS THROUGH
DEVELOPING SELF-IDENTITY AND MATURITY.
NURSING
• IDENTIFIES AND CONSISTING PARTICIPATION IN THE CARE, CORE AND
CURE ASPECTS OF PATIENT CARE.
• CARE IS THE SOLE FUNCTION OF NURSES.
• MAJOR PURPOSE OF CARE IS TO ACHIEVE AN INTERPERSONAL
RELATIONSHIP WITH THE INDIVIDUAL.
ASSUMPTIONS
• THE MOTIVATION AND ENERGY NECESSARY FOR HEALING EXIST WITHIN THE PATIENT,
RATHER THAN IN THE HEALTH CARE TEAM.
• THE THREE ASPECTS OF NURSING SHOULD NOT BE VIEWED AS FUNCTIONING
INDEPENDTLY BUT AS INTERRELATED.
• THE THREE ASPECTS INTERACT, AND THE CIRCLES REPRESENTING THEM CHANGE SIZE,
DEPENDING ON THE PATIENT’S TOTAL COURSE OF PROGRESS.
STRENGTHS
• THE USE OF THE TERM CARE, CORE AND CURE ARE UNIQUE TO HALL.
• HALL’S WORK APPEARS TO BE COMPLETELY AND SIMPLY LOGICAL.

WEAKNESS
• ACUTE STAGE PATIENTS ARE NOT INCLUDED.
• ONLY APPLICABLE TO ADULT PATIENTS.
• ONLY TOOL OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION IS REFLECTION.
• FAMILY MENTIONED ONLY IN CURE CIRCLE.
• ONLY RELATED TO THOSE WHO ARE ILL.
LIMITATIONS:
HALL’S THEORY OF NURSING HAS LIMITED GENERALITY.
THE FUNCTION OF THE NURSE IN PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE AND HEALTH
MAINTENANCE IS NOT ADDRESSED NOR IS THE NURSES’ ROLE IN THE
COMMUNITY HEALTH, EVEN THOUGH THE MODEL COULD BE ADAPTED.
HALL VIEWED THE ROLE OF NURSES AS HEAVILY INVOLVED IN
THE CARE AND CORE ASPECTS OF PATIENT CARE.

THE ONLY COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE HALL DESCRIBED IN

HER THEORY AS MEANS TO ASSIST PATIENT TO SELF AWARENESS
REFLECTION.