 The word emotion is a derived from the Latin

word ‘emovere’ which means ‘to stir up or

agitate or excite’.
 The mental thinking or feeling of a person at
a particular instant of time knowingly or
unknowingly is called emotion.
 Emotions are complex psychological and
biological responses consisting of subjective
feelings, physiological reactions and
expressive behaviours to internal and
external stimuli.
“Emotion is the all around state of the
organism marked by increased bodily activity
and strong feelings directed to some
subject.” Kimball Young
• According to crow and crow “An emotion is
an affective experience that accompanies
generalized inner adjustment and, mental
and physiological stirred up states in the
individual and that shows itself in his overt
behaviour”
 Emotional development is a process that a
child develops from dependence to a fully
functioning adult and applies to most life
forms.
 Emotional development refers to the ability to
recognize, express, and manage feelings at
different stages of life and to have empathy
for the feelings of others.
• The core of an emotion is feeling.
• Emotional experiences are associated with some
instincts or biological drives.
• Emotions are the products of perception.
• Every emotional experience involves several
physical and physiological changes in organism.
• The basic ways of expressing emotions are
inborn and it develops through maturation.
• Emotions rise abruptly and die slowly.
• Same emotion can be aroused by a number of
different stimuli.
• Emotions have the quality of displacement. 5
• Fear
• Anger
• Jealousy
• Greif
• Curiosity
• Joy, pleasure and delight
• Positive emotions: Pleasant emotions which
are helpful and essential to the normal
development of individual are termed a
positive emotions Eg: love, amusement,
curiosity, joy,…
• Negative emotions: Unpleasant emotions,
which are harmful to the individual’s
development are termed as negative
emotions Eg: fear, anger, jealousy, guilt etc
 As Spitz (1949) has observed, “Emotions are
not present ready-made from birth.
 Like any other sector of the human
personality they have to develop.”
 Emotional development is due to
 1. Maturation
 2. learning
not to either one alone.
• During childhood
• During adolescence
 Early childhood:(2-5yrs/3-6yrs)
 At 24 months, delight was further
differentiated and joy appears.
 • At 5 years(60 month), fear is again
differentiated into shame and anxiety.
 Anger is again differentiated into
disappointment and envy. From delight, hope
is again differentiated.
• Child cannot control their emotional expressions in social
situations. They express their emotion at the time of the
perception.
• Emotional expressions become less diffuse, random and
undifferentiated. The emotion cannot be spread to other social
situations. There is a mixture of emotional expressions related to
a particular stimulus and cannot be differentiate it. Eg.
Excitement is accompanied by fear
• Emotions are expressed in the absence of concrete objects. In
this stage the child needn,t any physical object to express his
emotions.
• Emotions are most contagious. Because children are most
suggestible and dependence on others. The emotional
expressions he share to elders.
• Cannot hide their emotions.
• As the child grows the strength and intensity of the emotion
varies.
• Health and physical development
The children weak in somatic
structure or suffering from illness are more
emotionally upset and unstable than children
having better health.
 An intelligent person, with his reasoning and
thinking powers, exercise control according
to the situation and make proper use of their
emotions 15
 Where the cordial atmosphere prevailed at
home, children develop positive emotions;
while conflicts and tensions in family
relationship give birth to negative emotions.
 The size of the family, socioeconomic status
of the family, parental attitude etc also
influence the emotional development of
children
 The healthy and conductive atmosphere of
the school always results in the balanced
emotional development of children.
1.Complexity
• An adolescent person has undergone a lot of
stress and strain-ful situations.
• We cannot understand him by his overt
behaviour.
• They learn to hide their emotions from
others.
• So it is very complex to identify the
individual.
2.Development of abstract emotions
• They needn’t any concrete objects to express
their emotions.
• It is highly individualized and can’t be
identified it proper root.
3.Emotional feelings are widened
• The social contacts of an individual are more
widen.
• He is related to classmates, elders and young
people, emotionally attached heros etc. the
influence of all these which sharpen their
emotions.
• They develops an integrity about their past
experiences and future expectations.
• So they become more patient and tolerate
any delay in their life circumstances.
4. Bearing of emotions
• They can tolerate stress and tensions in various
life situations.
• So they develop a sense of self control.
5. Capacity of sharing emotions
• They have a tendency to consider others feelings
and share their emotions to others.
• Sharing of emotions reaches its peak at this
stage.
• Satisfication of others is important.
• So they engaged in the activities of others and
take role for others.
6. Loyalty expands
• Their social contact expands to neighbors
and other social organizations.
• So they maintain a loyalty towards others.
7. Realism in emotional experiences
• He entered into the world of reality.
• He becomes aware of his strength and
weakness.
• This awareness reflect in their emotional
expressions.
8. Reviewing hopes and aspirations
• It is period of high expectation for his future.
Some realistically hard-work for it.
• So they feel a positive emotion in it.
• Others engaged in day dreams, fantasy or
remain in illusion.
• Later they became unrealistic
9. Tolerance of aloneness
• Develop a feeling of aloneness.
• So they like to be alone in homes.
10. Increased compassion
• Develops sympathy & empathy.
• Can enter into his own feelings and
appreciate the feeling of others.
 Some similarities are found between the emotional
development of parents and children. These are the
hereditary factors.
 As your child develops mentally, she also becomes
emotionally matured. Psychologists say that the
child’s emotions depend upon her maturity level.
 John B. Watson, an American psychologist, has stated
that children learn from conditioning. An experiment
was conducted on a nine-month-old baby, who was
shown a rat to the child and a lot of noise was made
in the background. Later it was observed that baby
started crying by merely looking at the rat.
 Likewise, if there is an expression of physical love in
the family, the baby also expresses her love by
contact, kisses, or hugs.
 Children who have sound health can control their
emotions in a better way while those who remain
weak show irritability, excitement and unstable
emotions.
 Intelligent children are also emotionally stable.
Those with low intelligence are low in stability as
well.
 Relations in the family and the way they express
their emotions affect the emotional development
of a child. If the parents have stability in their
behavior and express their feelings in a balanced
manner, the children also follow in their
footsteps.
 If parents are violent, children also adopt the same. If you
over pamper your children, there are chances for them
turning indiscipline and obstinate. On the contrary, if you
do not show any affection, they become introvert and
submissive.
 Just like family, the society, too, influences a child’s
emotional development. If the environment is emotionally
charged, the child becomes emotionally unstable. If people
are stable and have control over their emotions, the child
also remains so. They learn to control their emotions and
try to conform to socially acceptable behaviour.
 Managing emotions for a sound physical and mental
health is necessary. When your child is emotionally
charged, several changes, like a change in pulse rate,
blood circulation, stretching of eyes, an effect on the
digestive system and more, occur in the body.