One Way Slab

Chapter-09
From

(Structural Concrete)
by
M.Nadeem Hassoun And Akthem Al-Manaseer

5th Edition

1
9.7 ONE-WAY JOIST FLOOR SYSTEM
A one-way joist floor system consists of hollow slabs with a total depth
greater than that of solid slabs.
The system is most economical for buildings where superimposed
loads are small and spans are relatively large, such as schools,
hospitals, and hotels.
The concrete in the tension zone is ineffective; therefore, this area is
left open between ribs or filled with lightweight material to reduce the
self-weight of the slab.
The design procedure and requirements of ribbed slabs follow the
same steps as those for rectangular and T-sections explained in
Chapter 3.
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ONE WAY JOIST SLAB
ONE WAY JOIST SLAB
9.7 ONE-WAY JOIST FLOOR SYSTEM
The following points apply to design of one-way ribbed slabs:
1. Ribs are usually tapered and uniformly spaced at about 16 to 30 in.
(400 to 750 mm).
2. Voids are usually formed by using pans (molds) 20 in. (500 mm)
wide and 6 to 20 in. (150 to 500 mm) deep, depending on the design
requirement.
3. The ribs shall not be less than 4 in. (100 mm) wide and must have a
depth of not more than 3.5 times the width. Clear spacing between
ribs shall not exceed 30 in. (750 mm) (ACI Code, Section 8.13).
4. Shear strength, Vc, provided by concrete for the ribs may be taken
10% greater than that for beams. This is mainly due to the
interaction between the slab and the closely spaced ribs (ACI Code,
5
Section 8.13.8).
9.7 ONE-WAY JOIST FLOOR SYSTEM
5. The thickness of the slab on top of the ribs is usually 2 to 4 in. (50 to
100 mm) and contains minimum reinforcement (shrinkage
reinforcement). This thickness shall not be less than 1/12 of the
clear span between ribs or 1.5 in. (38 mm) (ACI Code, Section
8.13.5.2).
6. The ACI coefficients for calculating moments in continuous slabs can
be used for continuous ribbed slab design.

6
9.7 ONE-WAY JOIST FLOOR SYSTEM
7. There are additional practice limitations, which can be summarized
as follows:
 The minimum width of the rib is one-third of the total depth or 4
in. (100 mm), whichever is greater.
 Secondary reinforcement in the slab in the transverse directions
of ribs should not be less than the shrinkage reinforcement or
one-fifth of the area of the main reinforcement in the ribs.
 Secondary reinforcement parallel to the ribs shall be placed in
the slab and spaced at distances not more than half of the
spacings between ribs.

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9.7 ONE-WAY JOIST FLOOR SYSTEM
• If the live load on the ribbed slab is less than 3 kN/m2 (60 psf) and
the span of ribs exceeds 5 m (17 ft), a secondary transverse rib
should be provided at midspan (its direction is
perpendicular to the direction of main ribs) and reinforced with the
same amount of steel as the main ribs. Its top reinforcement shall
not be less than half of the main reinforcement in the tension zone.
These transverse ribs act as floor stiffeners.
• If the live load exceeds 3 kN/m2 (60 psf) and the span of ribs varies
between 4 and 7 m (13 and 23 ft), one traverse rib must be
provided, as indicated before. If the span exceeds 7 m (23 ft), at
least two transverse ribs at one-third span must be provided with
reinforcement, as explained before. 8
Example 9.6
Design an interior rib of a concrete joist floor system with the following
description: Span of rib = 20 ft (simply supported), dead load (excluding
own weight) = 16 psf, live load = 85 psf, f'c = 4 ksi, and fy = 60 ksi.
Solution
1. Design of the slab: Assume a top slab thickness of 2.5 in. that is
fixed to ribs that have a clear spacing of 30 in. No fillers are used.
2.5
The self-weight of the slab is  150  31.25 psf.
12
Total DL = 16 + 31.25 = 47.25 psf
U = 1.2D + 1.6L = 1.2 × 47.25 + 1.6 × 85 = 192.7 psf

UL2
Mu = (Slab is assumed fixed to ribs.)
12
2
0.192  20 
=   = 0.044 K · ft = 0.533 K · in.
12  12  9
Example 9.6
Considering that the moment in slab will be carried by plain concrete
only, the allowable flexural tensile strength is ft = 5 fc , ,with a
capacity reduction factor  = 0.55, ft = 5 4000 = 316 psi.
Mc
Flexural tensile strength = = ft

where
bh3 12(2.5) 3 h 2.5
= = = 15.625 in. 4
c= = = 1.25 in.
12 12 2 2
 15.625
M = ft = 0.55 × 0.316 × = 2.1725 K · in.
c 1.25
This value is greater than Mu = 0.533 K· in., and the slab is adequate.
For shrinkage reinforcement, As = 0.0018 × 12 × 2.5 = 0.054 in.2 Use
#3@12 in.c/c (As=0.11 in2). laid transverse to the direction of the ribs.
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Example 9.6
Welded wire fabric may be economically used for this low amount of
steel reinforcement. Use similar shrinkage reinforcement no. 3 bars
spaced at 12 in. laid parallel to the direction of ribs, one bar on top of
each rib and one bar in the slab between ribs.
2. Calculate moment in a typical rib:
L 20 × 12
Minimum depth = = = 15 in.
16 16
The total depth of rib and slab is 12.5 + 2.5 = 15 in. Assume a rib width
of 4.25 in. at the lower end that tapers to 6.25 in. at the level of the slab
(Fig. 9.8). The average width is 5.25 in. Note that the increase in the rib
width using removable forms has a ratio of about 1 horizontal to 12
vertical.

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Example 9.6

5.25 12.5
Weight of rib = × × 150 = 68.4 lb/ft
12 12
The rib carries a load from (30 + 4.25) - in. - wide slab plus its own weight :
34.25
U= × 192.7 + (1.2 × 68.4) = 632.08 lb/ft
12
UL2 0.632
Mu = = (20)2 × 12 = 379.2 K · in.
8 8

12
Example 9.6

3. Design of rib: The total depth is 15 in. Assuming no. 5 bars and
3 5
concrete cover of 3/4 in., the effective depth d is 15 - - = 13.9 in.
4 16
Check the moment capacity of the flange (assume tension
controlled section,  = 0.9):

 t
Mn (flange) = C  d -  where C = 0.85 fc bt
 2
 2.5 
Mn = 0.9(0.85 × 4 × 34.5 × 2.5) 13.9 -  = 3338.65 K.in.
 2 

The moment capacity of the flange is greater than the applied moment;
thus, the rib acts as a rectangular section with b = 34.5 in., and the
depth of the equivalent compressive block a is less than 2.5 in.
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Reinforcement

The tension steel area required within the strip being considered
can then be obtained by the following steps:

factored moment Mu in the strip

required Mn 
(  0.90)

(1)
fy Mn
m , Rn 
0.85fc bd2
(2)

1  2mR n 

 1 1 , A s  bd
m  fy 
 14
Reinforcement
The tension steel area required within the strip being considered
can then be obtained by the following steps:
factored moment Mu in the strip
required Mn 
(  0.90)
379.2
required Mn   421.33 k.in.
0 .9
fy 60 Mn 421.33
m   17.647 , Rn  
0.85fc 0.85  4 34.5  13.9 
2
bd2
 0.0632

1  1  1  217.647 0.0632 
2mR n  1  
 1 1  
m  fy  17 . 647  60 
  
 0.00106
A s  bd
A s  0.00106  34.5  13.9  0.508 in.2 15
Example 9.6

A s fy
a= = 0.33 in. < 2 in.
0.85 × fcb
Use two no. 5 bars per rib (A s = 0.62 in.2 ).
200 200
For Beam A smin    0.0033
fy 60,000
A s min = 0.0033b w d = 0.0033(5.2 5)(13.9) = 0.24 in.2 < 0.508 in.2
Check
0.508
= = 0.00105 < max = 0.01806
34.5 × 13.9
which is a tension - controlled section,  = 0.9.

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Example 9.6
4. Calculate shear in the rib: The allowable shear strength of the rib
web is Vc = (1.1) × 2 fc b w d

= 0.75 × 1.1× 2(1) 4000 × 5.25 × 13.9 = 7615.318 lb

The factored shear at a distance d from the support is

 13.9 
Vu = 632.08 10 -  = 5588.64 lb
 12 

This is less than the shear capacity of the rib. Minimum stirrups may be
used, and in this case an additional no. 4 bar will be placed within the
slab above the rib to hold the stirrups in place. It is advisable to add one
transverse rib at midspan perpendicular to the direction of the ribs
having the same reinforcement as that of the main ribs to act as a 17

stiffener.
Example 9.6

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Example 9.6

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