TO STUDY GLASS POWDER REPLACEMENT

1
TO CONCRETE

 Prepared By:  Guided By:-

 Piyush Viroja (201603100420029) Prof.Bijal Chaudhri
 Harsh Gajera (201603100420030)  Co-Guided By:-
 Hardik Mangroliya (201603100420032) Prrof.Yati Tank
 ChiragTaviyad (201603100420061)

Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology

Department of Civil Engineering
2 Index
 Introduction
 What is Concrete?
 About Concrete
 Introduction to Glass Powder
 Review of Literature
 Objective of Study
 Methodology
 Test on Material Use
 Mix Design
3 Introduction
 The strength of concrete depend upon the properties of cement, sand, aggregate
etc.
 Concrete is a man made material which is a use for various construction work
such as building construction, bridge construction, road etc.
 This blend when hardens gives High strength.
 Admixtures effect the hardening process and has robust implications in concrete
properties.
4 What is Concrete?
 A building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand,
cement, and water, which can be spread or poured into mould and forms a stone-
like mass on hardening.
 Concrete properties can be improve by the use of industrial and domestic wastes
such as fly ash, rise husk, blast furnace slag, timber ash, steel fiber, glass fiber
and metakaolin.
5 Concrete Mix Design
 Concrete mix design may be defines as the art of selecting suitable ingredients of
concrete and determining their relative proportions with the object of producing
concrete of certain minimum strength & durability as economically as possible.
6 Concrete of Mix Design
 The purpose of concrete mix design is to ensure the most optimum proportions of
the constituent materials to fulfill the requirement of the structure being built. Mix
design should ensure following objectives.
 To achieve the designed/ desired workability.
 To achieve the desired minimum strength in the hardened stage.
 To achieve the desired durability in the given environment conditions.
 To produce concrete as economically as possible.
7 Basic Considerations
 The following point must be considered while designing concrete mixes
 Cost
 Specification
 Workability
 Strength and Durability
8 Basic Considerations
Specifications:
 The following point may be kept in mind while designing concrete mixes.
 Minimum Compressive Strength required.
 Minimum water/ cement ratio.
 Maximum cement content to avoid shrinkage cracks.
 Maximum aggregate / cement ratio.
 Maximum density of concrete.
9 Workability
 The following points related to workability shall be kept in mind while designing
concrete mixes.
 The consistency of concrete should no more than that necessary for placing,
compacting and finishing.
 For concrete mixes required high consistency at the time of placing, the use of
water-reducing and set-retarding admixtures should be used rather than the
addition of more water.
 Wherever possible, the cohesiveness and finishibility of concrete should be
improved by increasing sand/ aggregate ratio than by increasing the
proportion of the fine particles in the sand.
10 Strength And Durability
 Strength and durability require lower w/c ratio.
 It is usually achieved not by increasing the cement content, but by lowering the
water at given cement content.
 Water demand can by lowered by throughout control of the aggregate grading
and by using water reducing admixtures.
11 Factors Influencing Choice of Mix Design
 Maximum Water/ Cement Ratio
 Abram’s water/Cement ratio states that for any given condition of test, the
strength of a workability concrete mix is dependent only on water/cement
ratio. The lower the water/Cement ratio, the greater is the compressive
strength
 Workability
 Workability of fresh concrete determines the case with which a concrete
mixture can be mixed, transported, placed, compacted and finished without
harmful segregation and bleeding.
12 Factors Influencing Choice of Mix Design

Durability
Durability require low water/Cement ratio. It is usually
achieved not by increasing the cement content, but by
lowering the water demand at a given cement content.
Water demand can be lowered by through control of the
aggregate grading and by using water reducing admixtures
13 Introduction to Glass Powder
 Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) that in essence, a super
cooled liquid and not a solid.
 Glass can be made with excellent homogeneity in a variety of
forms and sizes from small fibers to meter-sizes pieces.
 Glass waste is very hard material. Before add in glass powder in
the concrete it has to be powdered to desired size.
14 properties of Glass Powder
 Glass is a uniform amorphous solid material, which is generally
produced when the viscous molten material cools very rapidly to below
its glass transition temperature, without giving sufficient time for a
regular crystal attics to form.
 The most familiar form of glass is the silica-based material used for
windows, containers and decorative objects.
15 AIM
To Study the Effect of Replacement of Cement, sand and
aggregate by glass powder For High Strength Concrete.
16 Literature Review
 “Studies on Glass Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement in
17 Concrete Production” , Dr. G.Vijayakumar, Ms H. Vishaliny, Dr. D.
Govindarajulu, 2013, International Journal of Emerging Technology
and Advanced Engineering, SSN 2250-2459, Volume 3, Issue 2

► This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of partial

replacement of cement by Glass powder by various percentages various 0%, 5%,
10%, and 15% for M20 on the properties of high performance concrete.
► The test was carried out for Flexural Strength and Split Tensile strength and
compared with conventional concrete of respective grade.
► It has been observed that by replacement of 40% glass powder gives higher
compressive strength. And to prevent alkali silica reaction glass particle size should
be less than 75 µm.
18 “Effect of Using Glass Powder in Concrete”Shilpa Raju, Dr. P. R.
Kumar, International Conference On Innovations & Advances In
Science, Engineering And Technology [IC - IASET 2014.

► Cement replacement by glass powder in the range 5% to 40% increment of 5%

has been studied.
► Mix design was done for M20 grade of concrete.
► The different test such as compressive strength and flexural strength at the age of
7, 28 and 90 days has been performed and compared with those of conventional
concrete. alkalinity test has been performed to find out resistance to corrosion.
► Results showed that replacement of 20% cement by glass powder was found to
have higher strength. Also from the alkalinity test, it has been observed that the
PH value is higher compare to conventional block so it gives higher resistance to
corrosion.
 “Glass Powder – A Partial Replacement for Cement?”, Ashutosh
19 Sharma, International Journal Of Core Engineering & Management
(IJCEM) Volume 1, Issue 11, February 2015.
► The determination of the effect of the use of ‘Glass Powder’ as a replacement of
cement to assess the pozzolanic nature of fine glass powder.
► the difference in performance with other pozzolanic materials are mixed in concrete like
silica fume and fly ash.
► It reacts with lime at early stage of hydration forming extra CSH gel thereby forming
denser cement matrix.
► The grade of concrete was M25.
► All replacement was carried out by volume. Normal tap water was used for casting and
curing.
► test were conducted to study the effect of 5%, 10% and 15% replacement of cement by
glass powder on compressive strength and durability.
► The results showed that the maximum increase in strength of concrete occurred when
10% replacement was done with glass powder.
 “Performance of Using Waste Glass Powder In Concrete As
20 Replacement Of Cement”, Gunalaan Vasudevan1, Seri Ganis
Kanapathy pillay,2013, American Journal of Engineering
Research (AJER) e-ISSN : 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936
Volume-02, Issue-12, pp-175-181 www.ajer.org.
► In they partially replacement of with cement for fresh concrete and hard
concrete has been done.
► The grade of concrete was m20.
► The various percentage of glass powder ,i.e. 0,10,15,and 20% has a
replacement of cement.
► For hard concrete compressive strength has performs.
► It has been observed that using glass powder the workability increase the
density is reduced camper to strength mix.
21 “Influence of Glass Powder on the Properties Of Concrete”, Veena V.
Bhat , N. Bhavanishankar Rao , International Journal of Engineering
Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 5 – Oct 2014.

► the construction industry is in need of finding cost effective materials for

increasing the strength of concrete structures.
► The grade of concrete was M25.
► for various percentages of glass powder i.e., 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%
replacement for ordinary Portland cement.
► It has been test performed by compressive strength test , porosity test and unit
weight test.
► For cube test the compressive strength at 7 day and 28 days strength.
► In the trial I decrease in the compressive strength is shown with the increase in
glass powder in concrete.
22 Objective
► To prepare mix design with different proportion of Glass powder.
► To determine the compressive strength and flexural strength.
23 Methodology

► To obtain cement: sand: coarse aggregate ratio based on M-25 mix design.
► To procure the calculated material based on mix design.
► To carry out test on cement and aggregate.
► Casting M-25 Grade concrete, the test result of concrete which will be used as
reference.
► Beam and Block of M-25 Grade concrete has to be Casted.
► Check For Strengths after 3, 7 and 28 days.
► To Repeat above process for different proportion of Glass Powder
► Analysis the test result
24 Test on Material Used
► For Cement

Test Of Cement Result

Fineness Test 6.165%

Standard Consistency 34%

Initial Setting Time 73Min

Final Setting Time 730Min

Soundness 9MM
25 Test on Material Used
► For Aggregate

Test For Aggregate Result

Impact value Test 10.26%
Specific Gravity Test 4%
Crushing value Test 40%
Shape Test 18.61%
Road Aggregate Test 6.22%
26 Design for M25
► Grade designation : M25
► Type of Cement : 53 grade OPC
► Type of Mineral Admixture Glass Powder
► Maximum nominal size of aggregate : 20mm (IS 456 : 2000
Cl-5.3.3 pg-14)
► Minimum cement content : 320 kg/m3 IS 456 : 2000
Table : 5 , pg-20
► Max W/C ratio : 0.45
► Type of Aggregate : Angular Aggregate
► Chemical Admixture Type : Not Used
27 Mix Design Calculations (M25 Grade Concrete)
► (a) Target Mean Strength of Concrete in Mpa
► Fck’ = fck + (1.65 x S)
► =25 + (1.65 x 4)
► =31.6 N/mm2
► S = Std deviation 4 N/mm2 (IS-10262:2009 Table -1 pg-2)
► fck = Characteristic strength of Concrete 25
► fck' = Target strength in 31.6 Mpa
► (b) Selection of Water Content
► For Slump 25-50mm Maximum water content is186 litre. (maximum size of
aggregate is 20mm) (IS-10262:2009 Table -2 pg-3)
► For Slump 75-100mm Maximum water content is 197.16 litre.
28 Mix Design Calculations (M25 Grade Concrete)
► (C) Calculation of Cement Content
► Maximum Water cement ratio 0.45 (IS:456-2000 Table no:5)
► Water cement ratio desired 0.45
►W/C = 0.45
►C = 197.16/0.45
► Cement Content 438.13 kg/m3
► Minimum Cement content 320 kg/m3 (IS:456-2000 Table no:5)
► 438.13 kg/m3 > 320 kg/m3 ……ok
► Final cement content 438.13 kg/m3
► Final water content 197.16 litre
29 Mix Design Calculations (M25 Grade Concrete)
► (d) Proportion Of Volume Of Fine And Coarse Aggregate
► Zone of fine aggregates II
► Change in w/c ratio with reference to 0.05
► Maximum size or coarse aggregate 20 mm
► Volume of coarse aggregate for w/c = 0.50 is 0.62 (IS : 383 Table-2)
► Correction in volume of coarse aggregate +0.01
► Corrected volume of coarse aggregate 0.63
► Final volume of coarse aggregate 0.63
► Final volume of fine aggregate 0.37
30 Mix Design Calculations (M25 Grade Concrete)
► (e) Mix Calculation
► Volume of concrete = 1 m3
► Volume of cement = (Mass of cement/specific gravity of cement)*(1/1000)
► = (438.13/3.15)*(1/1000)
► = 0.139 m3
► Volume of water = (Mass of Water/specific gravity of Water)*(1/1000)
► = (197.16/1)*(1/1000)
► = 0.197m3
► Volume of chemical admixture = 0.0
► Volume of total aggregate = 1-(0.139+0.197)
► = 0.664 m3
31
 Mass of coarse aggregate = Va x volume of C.A x specific gravity of C.A
x 1000
= 0.664 x 0.63 x 2.70 x 1000
= 1129.464 kg
 Mass of Fine aggregate = Va x volume of F.A x specific gravity of C.A
x 1000
= 0.664 x 0.37 x 2.70 x 1000
= 663.33 kg
 Cement = 438.13 kg/m3
 C.A. = 1129.464 kg
 F.A. = 663.33 kg
 Water = 197 litre

 So, the ratio of C:S:A = 1:1.5:2.5

32 Quantity Determination of Concrete
► For M25 Grade(1:1.5:2.5)
► For cube :-
► Dimension = 150 x 150 x 150 mm
► Volume = 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.15
► = 3.375 x 10 -3 m3
► Mass = Density x Volume
► =2400 x 3.375 x 10 -3
► =8.1kg ~ 10kg
► Cement : 1/5 x 10 = 2 kg
► Sand : 1.5/5 x 10 = 3 kg
► Aggregate : 2.5/5 x 10 = 5 kg
33 Quantity Determination of Concrete
► For M25 Grade(1:1.5:2.5)
► For beam :-
► Dimension = 150 x 150 x 700 mm
► Volume = 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.70
► = 15.75 x 10 -3 m3
► Mass = Density x Volume
► =2400 x 15.75 x 10 -3
► =37.8kg ~ 38.5kg
► Cement : 1/5 x 38.5 = 7.7 kg
► Sand : 1.5/5 x 38.5 = 11.55kg
► Aggregate : 2.5/5 x 38.5 = 19.25 kg
34 Total Casting Details
Sr. Replacement of
Test Specimen Glass Powder No. of specimen
No
(%)
3 days 7 days 28days
0 3 3 3
5 3 3 3
1 Compressive Cube 10 3 3 3
strength test
15 3 3 3
20 3 3 3
35 Total Casting Details
Sr. Replacement of
Test Specimen Glass Powder No. of specimen
No
(%)
3 days 7 days 28days
0 3 3 3
5 3 3 3
2 Flexural Beam 10 3 3 3
test
15 3 3 3
20 3 3 3
36 REFERENCES
► “Studies on Glass Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete
Production” , Dr. G.Vijayakumar, Ms H. Vishaliny, Dr. D. Govindarajulu, 2013,
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, SSN
2250-2459, Volume 3, Issue .
► “Effect of Using Glass Powder in Concrete”Shilpa Raju, Dr. P. R. Kumar,
International Conference On Innovations & Advances In Science, Engineering
And Technology [IC - IASET 2014.
► “Glass Powder – A Partial Replacement for Cement?”, Ashutosh Sharma,
International Journal Of Core Engineering & Management (IJCEM) Volume 1,
Issue 11, February 2015.
37 REFERENCES
► M.S Shetty , concrete technology-theory and practice , Reprint 2009.
► “Performance of Using Waste Glass Powder In Concrete As Replacement
Of Cement”, Gunalaan Vasudevan1, Seri Ganis Kanapathy pillay,2013,
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN : 2320-0847
p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-02, Issue-12, pp-175-181 www.ajer.org.
► “Influence of Glass Powder on the Properties Of Concrete”, Veena V. Bhat
, N. Bhavanishankar Rao , International Journal of Engineering Trends and
Technology (IJETT) – Volume 16 Number 5 – Oct 2014.
38