,

• THE PHILIPPINE Revolution began in 1896 and ended only in

1901.

• At first, it was a war of independence against the Spain.

• Later, it turned into a war of independence against the

United States.

• The first part of revolution was a success.

• But, many of our best heroes were killed during the

revolution.
• After the discovery of the Katipunan, Bonifacio gathered his men in
the hills of balintawak.

• Balintawak was the place north of Manila which was then a secret
meeting place of the katipuneros.

• On August 26,1896, Bonifacio stopped all the talking and He angrily

tore his residence certificate(Cedula).

• It was the symbol of Spanish oppression of Filipinos.

• Also their tore cedulas the called for a revolution.

• The katipuneros led by Bonifacio started the Revolution.

• The abuses of Spanish officials and priests.

• Persecution of Filipino leaders who defended

the rights of their fellow countrymen.

• Filipinos‘ desire to regain their independence.

• Discovery of the Katipunan and Bonifacio’s call

for revolution.
 The first battle of the revolution took place at the town of
San Juan del Monte at dawn of Sunday, August 30 ,1896.

 Bonifacio and some 1000 katipuneros attacked the Spanish

arsenal at San Juan.

 It was bloody and awful battle.

 The Filipinos were armed only with bolos,a few handmade

guns (paltics) old rifles,bamboo spears, and amulets (anting-
anting).
 OLD RIFLES

AMULETS (ANTING-ANTING)

HANDMADE GUN (PALTICS)

BAMBOO SPEARS
The revolution quickly spread like wild fire in
Southern Luzon.

The Spanish Governor General. Ramon Blanco,

declared a state of war in eight provinces.

Manila, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac,

Laguna, Cavite, and Batangas.
 SPANISH GOVERNOR

GENERAL RAMON BLANCO

 The Spanish officials terrorized the Filipinos and executed many of
their famous leaders.

 Many Filipino patriots were arrested and put in prison at Fort

Santiago.

 About 1,000 Filipinos were exiled to Guam, Africa and other Spanish
prisons abroad.

 The martyrdom of their leaders made the Filipinos more angry at

the Spanish officials.

 The famous martyr of the Philippine revolution 1896 was Dr.Jose

Rizal.
 Rizal was allowed to leave Dapitan and go to Cuba as a
volunteer doctor in the Spain army.

 He was arrested and taken back to Manila.

 He was put in prison at Fort Santiago and tried by the

military court .

 He was found guilty of being a traitor to Spain and

sentenced to death.

 At dawn of December 30,1896, Rizal was shot by a

firing squad at the Luneta.
 Emilio Aguinaldo
• Born on March 22, 1869.

• Quit his studies at the Letran College in Manila after his

father died in 1882.

• Gen. Aguinaldo was elected President of the First

Revolutionary Government on March 23 and lasted until
October 31, 1897.

• He beated Bonifacio to the position.

• Aguinaldo was elected as the President of the Biak-na-

Bato Republic on November 1, 1897.
 The Filipinos freedom fighter fought with crude wepons:
bolos, clubs , stones, bamboo, spears, old musket, and
homomade guns (paltiks).

 The Filipinos won many battles against the Spanish

Government troop.

 The Greatest victory in the battle of the Filipino was won

by Emilio Aguinaldo in the battle of Binakayan, Cavite on
November 9 to 11, 1896.
• The revolutionaries was divided in two.

• The Magdalos- Aguinaldo’s group and the Magdiwangs- Bonifacio’s

group.

• Aguinaldo win his battles while Bonifacio lost all his battle.

• Bonifacio’s supporters refused to help Aguinaldo when they were

attacked similarly.

• Aguinaldo’s followers, did not help the Magdiwangs when they

fought the Spaniard.
• Both rival groups decided to meet at Tejeros, Cavite on March 22,
1897.

• They wanted to settle the controversy on Leadership because a

revolution must have only one leader.

• They decided to elect the officers of a Revolutionary Government.

• Bonifacio was over-confident. His followers outnumbered the

followers of Aguinaldo.

• Aguinaldo wasn’t able to attend the election because he was

fighting the Spanish army at Imus.
• Bonifacio was elected as the new leader.

• He did not know that the Filipinos no longer wanted him

as the leader. Aguinaldo won the majority vote for new
President of the First Revolutionary Government.

• Bonifacio lost even the position of Vice-President and the

other lower positions.

• As a consolation, Bonifacio was elected to the last office

of secretary of the interior but even the lowest position
was protested by Daniel Tirona.
• At the Battle of Limbon, Bonifacio and his men lost the
fight and were taken prisoners.

• Andres was wounded and his brother Ciriaco was killed.

• His wife Gregoria de Jesus was one of the prisoners.

• The Revolutionary Government tried Bonifacio and his

brother Procopio by military court martial at Maragondon
on May 5, 1897 and they were found guilty they were
sentenced to die.
• Aguinaldo reduced their sentence to life
imprisonment but was able to cancel that order
and execute Bonifacio.

• On May 19, 1897 Andres and Procopio were shot

by a firing squad of Aguinaldo’s soldiers in near
Maragondon.

• Under the command of Major Lazaro Makapagal.

 The revolution went from bad to worse for the Filipinos.

 Aguinaldo lost one battle after another.

 Aguinaldo moved his war camp many times away from Cavite.

 On november 1, 1897 the filipinos revolutionaries leaders approved

a constitution for anew Government.

 .This became a Biaknabato Republic.

 On Nov. 1 to Dec. 30, 1897 Aguinaldo was again elected as President

of the Biaknabato Republic.
 No one side could win the revolution.

 The Filipinos could not win.

 The Spanish government could not win .

 Spanish Governor General Primo de Rivera told the Spanish Cortes

(Parliament): “I Can captured their Biaknabato headquarters.

 So he sent the olive branch of peace to Aguinaldo .He offered to

end the fighting on both sides.

 Aguinaldo decided to accept the peace offer of Governor Primo de

Rivera.
 Dr. Pedro A. Paterno, a prominent Filipino ,acted as the
go-between in the peace negotiations.

 He succeeded in negotiating the agreement to end the

fighting between the Filipinos and the Spaniards.

 This was historic Pact of Biak na Bato.

 It was signed by General Aguinaldo and Governor General

Primo Rivera on Dec. 14 and 15 1897.
• Peace was proclaimed in the Philippines after the
Pact of Biak-na-Bato.

• Gen. Aguinaldo and other revolutionary leaders

went to exile in Hong Kong as a part of agreement.

• Aguinaldo and his companions reached Hong Kong

on December 30, 1897.
 Women of the Revolution
 Melchora Aquino (popularly known as “Tandang Sora”)

 Gregoria Montoya (Joan of Arc of Cavite”)

 Agueda Kahabagan (Joan of Arc of the Sant Cruz, Laguna”)

 Tersa Magbanua (Joan of aec of the Visayas”)

 Trinidad Tecson (“Mother of Biaknabato”)

 Nazarai Lagos (“Florence Nightingale of Panay”)

 Patronicia Gamboa (Heroine of Jaro”)

 Marcela Agoncillo (Wife of Filipino doplomat Felipe Agoncillo)

Spanish
• Both the Filipinos and the
Spaniards broke their peace
agreement at Biak-na-Bato.
• Spain did not pay P1.7 million
war indemnity to the Filipinos.
• Only P600,000 was paid.
• Spanish officials continue to
arrest and punish Filipino who
surrendered.
Filipino
• Aguinaldo spend the
money to buy more
arms and ammunition.
• They did not surrender
all their weapons.
• They wanted to
continue the revolution.