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Active voice is used to show that the
subject of the sentence is performing
or causing the action.

Example:
Lebron threw the basketball before the
buzzer.
Lebron shot the basketball from the
free throw line.
Lebron scored three points.
 Passive voice is used when the subject is
the recipient of the action. In a passive
voice sentence, the subject and
object flip-flop.

Example:
The ball was thrown by Lebron.
The basket was shot by Lebron.
The score was made by Lebron.
Passive voice dalam bahasa indonesia dikenal
dengan nama kalimat pasif. Kalimat aktif dan
kalimat pasif memiliki beberapa perbedaan yang
sangat mendasar. Bila pada kalimat aktif subjek
kalimat (orang) melakukan pekerjaan, sedangkan
dalam kalimat pasif subjek bukanlah pelaku
pekerjaan melainkan objek.

Active : S +Verb/Modal+ O

Passive: S+Verb/Modal+ O
Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa indonesia dapat
dengan mudah dibentuk yaitu hanya dengan
menambahkan awalan di- di depan kata kerja.
Contohnya:
 Aktif: adik menendang bola.
 Pasif: bola ditendang adik.

Tetapi dalam bahasa inggris terdapat cara yang

sedikit berbeda untuk merubah kalimat aktif
menjadi kalimat pasif. Kita harus merubah
beberapa bentuk kata kerjanya dan
menambahkan to be di depannya. Contohnya :
 Aktif : My brother kicks the ball.
Passive : The ball is kicked by My brother.
 When intentionally trying to hide the subject of the
sentence.
For example, a politician might say, “The mistake was made
by someone.” Hiding the subject helps him/her hide the
blame.

 When intentionally trying to minimize the guilt of the

subject.
For example, a cheating boyfriend might say, “Cheating was
committed by me.”

 When passive voice better emphasizes the main point of

the message, such as “Children were harmed by the drunk
driver.”
Secara umum pola passive voice bisa dibagi
menjadi 4 yaitu:
 Present passive voice,
 Past passive voice,
 Future passive voice, dan
 Modal auxiliary passive voice
 S + Be + V3 (By + Pronoun)
Example :
Active : She buy a book
(Dia membeli sebuah buku)
Passive : A book is bought by her
(Sebuah buku dibeli olehnya)

Active : I am studying English

(Saya belajar bahasa Inggris)
Passive : English is being studied by me
(Bahasa Inggris sedang dipelajari oleh
saya)
 VERB CHANGES: TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
(same verbal tense of the active sentence)

We have elected a new President

A new President has been elected (by us)

They are playing the match on Saturday

The match is being played on Saturday (by them)

 If the object is a pronoun, make sure to change it to a subject

pronoun: me  I him  he her  she them  they us
 we
I bought him a present.
He was bought a present.
 Simple present tense

Active : Budi writes a letter.

(S + V1(s/es) +O)
Passive : A letter is written by Budi.
(S + am/is/are + V3)
 Present continuous

Active : Servant is cleaning the floor.

(S + To be + Ving + O)
Passive: The floor are being cleaned by the
servant.
(S + is/am/are + being +
V3)
 Present perfect tense

Active : Someone has written the letter.

(S + has/have + V3 + o)

Passive : The letter has been written by

someone.
(S + has/have + been +V3)
 Present perfect continuous

Active : We have been helping the poor people

(S + have/has + been + Ving + O)

Passive : The poor people have been being

helped by us.
(S + have/has + been + being +
V3)
 Simple past
Active : I ate fried rice yesterday.
(S + V2 + O)
Passive : Fried rice was eaten by me yesterday.
(S + was/were + V3)
 Past continuous

Active : The boys were painting the wall.

(S + To be + Ving + O)

Passive : The wall were being painted by the

boys.
(S + was/were + being + V3)
 Past perfect
Active : We had watched Titanic movie.
(S + had + V3 + O)

Passive : Titanic movie had been watched by us.

(S + had + been + V3)

 Past perfect continuous
Active : The man had been cutting by the
grass.
(S + had + been + Ving + O)

Passive : The grass had been being cut by the

man.
(S + had + been + being + V3)
 Simple future
Active : Maggie will wash the car.
(S + will + V1 + O)

Passive : the car will be washed by Maggie.

(S + will + be + V3)
 Future continuous
Active: Andre will be collecting the paper.
(S + will + be + Ving + O)

Passive: The paper will be being collected by

Andre.

(S + will + be + being + V3)

 Future perfect
Active: John will have sold the car.
(S + will + have + V3 + O)

Passive : The car will have been sold by John.

(S + will + have + been + V3)
 Future perfect continuous

Active : Michael will have been presenting final

project.
(S + will + have + been + Ving + O)

Passive: Final project will have been being

presented by Michael.
(S + will + have + been + being +
V3)
Modal auxiliary terdiri dari Can-Could, May-Might,
Will-Would, Shall-Should, Must dan Ought to.
Active : The woman can answer the question
(S + modals + V1+ O)
Passive : The question can be answered by the
woman.
(S + Modal + be + V3)
  The Subject of the active voice sentence becomes the object
of the preposition in the Passive Voice sentence. The
preposition is usually ‘by’ when the object is a person, and
‘with’ when the object is a thing, such as a knife, gun, arrow,
etc.

 e.g. The hunter shot the deer with an arrow. Active

The deer was shot with an arrow by the hunter. Passive
‘an arrow’ -- a thing – preposition ‘with’
‘a hunter’ -- a person -- preposition ‘by’

05-05-2009 BCK 23
 Never use (do, does or did) with the passive
voice.
They didn’t sell all the tickets for the concert.
All the tickets weren’t sold.

We do not give lesson on public holidays.

Lessons are not given on public holidays.
 VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS
bring, give, ask, pay, sell, offer, owe, show, tell, send, lend, leave,
promise, take, teach, throw, write

They gave Susan a prize.

Susan was given a prize.
A prize was given to Susan.
If the verb has two objects, we usually use the person as the subject
in the passive.

No one gave me any directions.

I wasn’t given any directions.
 Find the subject

Change the verb accordingly

 The essay was written by Shelia.

The big, green apples were left on the table

by the professor.
 Shelia wrote the essay.

The professor left the big, green apples on

the table.
 The apple was eaten by Charlene.

Clams are considered a delicacy by many

people.
 Charlene ate the apple.

Many people consider clams a delicacy.

I. Rewrite the sentences in Active voice.
1. The ring was founded by intan and santi.
2. Football is played by the boy.
3. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
4. The exercise is completed by the teacher.
5. the floor is cleaned by Aisyah.

II. Make correct passive phrases. Mind the tenses in

brackets.
1. Noodles / to make (Simple Present)
2. books / to write (Simple Past)
3. volleyball / to play (Simple Past)
4. English / to speak (Simple Present)
5. breads / to eat (Simple Present
III. Change these sentences into passive voice!
1. Daniel asked a question to Mahendra.
2. The worker built the house.
3. They have given me a useful advice.
4. She will buy my phone.
5. The teacher is telling us a joke.
6. My sister is washing dishes.
7. The teacher closes the door.
8. Diana opened the window.
9. The dog did not bite your mouse.
10. Sandra took the bottle.