Similar But Different:

Atomic Mass, Atomic Number, And

Isotopes
 Table of Contents

Title Card
Guide Card
Activity Card
Assessment Card
Enrichment Card
Reference Card
 Least Learned Competency

S8MT-IIIe-f-10
determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a particular atom;
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the session, students are expected
to:
K: Identify the atomic mass, atomic number
and number of neutrons of an isotope;
S: Formulate a nuclear notation
for isotopes;

A: Adhere the positive and a negative

impacts of isotopes in the field of
industry, medicine, and agriculture.
 Do you
Know What
Are
these?.......

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 And how
about
these?

These are
Isotope
Notation
of Carbon
 Welcome to the world
of
‘’ ISOTOPES’’.
• Isotopes are alternative “versions” of elements that have a different
atomic mass but the same atomic number. .
3
• The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons present
in its atom, while atomic mass depends on how many neutrons it has.
4

• Isotopes of the same element have different quantities of

neutrons, though the proton count is the same.
5
 Welcome to the world
of
‘’ ISOTOPES’’.
• The number of protons for different isotopes of an element does not change.
3

• Scientists divide isotopes into two main types: radioactive and stable.

4
• Observations on whether the nucleus contains odd or even numbers of protons and
neutrons leads us to believe that a nucleus with:
• odd numbers of protons and odd numbers of neutrons is most likely to be unstable
• even number of protons and even numbers of neutrons is most likely to be stable
5
 Welcome to the world
of
‘’ ISOTOPES’’.
• Stable Isotopes
• Stable isotopes have a stable proton-neutron combination and do not display
any sign of decay. This stability comes from the amount of neutrons present in

6 an atom. Since stable isotopes do not decay, they do not produce radiation or
its associated health risks.

• these are dependable tools for determining many facts about geological
materials (rocks), such as their age and where they came from.
7
 Welcome to the world
of
‘’ ISOTOPES’’.
• Radioactive isotopes find uses in agriculture, food industry, pest control,
archeology and medicine.
8

• Radiocarbon dating, which measures the age of carbon-bearing items,

uses a radioactive isotope known as carbon-14. In medicine, gamma rays
emitted by radioactive elements are used to detect tumors inside the
9 human body.

• Food irradiation -- the process of exposing food to a controlled level of

gamma rays -- kills many types of bacteria, making food safer to eat.
10
Welcome to the world of
‘’ ISOTOPES’’.

Number of Neutron (N)= A-Z,

where A is the atomic mass,

and Z is the atomic number

Atomic number (A)= # of e¯ = # of p⁺

Electrons
 Example:
Example: Isotopes of Carbon

A=13
Z=6
N=7

Mass number is 13,

Atomic number is 6,
Number of Neutrons is 7
A=12
Z=6
N=6

Mass number is 12,

Atomic number is 6,
Number of Neutrons is 6

A=14
Z=6
N=8

Mass number is 14,

Atomic number is 6,
Number of Neutrons is
Nuclear Notation Problems

1. Determine A, Z, and N for the following isotopes of oxygen.

1. 16O8

2. 18O8

3. 17O8
 2. Fill in the table with the missing information for Isotope chlorine-35 with an atomic number of 17.

Isotope Name Isotope Atomic Mass Number of Number of

Notation Protons Neutrons

1.chlorine-35

2. chlorine-37

3. chlorine-38
 A. Determine the mass number, atomic number, and the number of
neutrons, for each of the following isotopes, and then name the
isotope.

1. 57Fe26

96Zr
2. 40

1H
3. 1
B. Write T if the statement is true, F if it state otherwise.

1. Stable isotopes have an unstable proton-neutron combination and do not

display any sign of decay.
2. Isotopes are elements of the same atomic number, but have different
mass.
3. The number of protons for different isotopes of the same element does
not change.
4. Radioactive isotopes produce radiation and are associated with health
risks.
5. Oxygen-16 is a radioactive isotope.
6. Gamma ray emitted by a radioactive is important in treating cancers.
7. An isotope, carbon-14 is used to trace the age of rocks and fossils from the
remote past.
Choose one of the applications of Isotopes and explain the positive and
negative effects it imposes to humans and also to our environment.
Activity 1
1. 16O8 A= 16, Z= 8, N=8

2. 18O8 A= 18, Z= 8, N=10

3. 17O8 A= 17, Z=8, N=9

Activity 2

Isotope Name Atomic Mass Number of Number of

Protons Neutrons
1.chlorine-35 35 17 18

2. chlorine-37 37 17 20

3. chlorine-38 38 17 21
 Assessment
a.
1. 57Fe26
mass number- 57
atomic number- 26
number of neutron- 31
Iron-57

96Zr
2. 40
mass number- 96
atomic number-40
number of neutron- 56
Zirconium-96

1H
3. 1
mass number-1
atomic number-1
number of neutron-0
K to 12 Science Curriculum Guide August 2016 Page 144 of 203
Lm for Science Grade 8 pp.
https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-isotopes-and-examples-604541
https://sciencing.com/uses-hydrogen3-7297714.html
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/nuclear/nucnot.html