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RCET
Prepared By:
Yasir Manzoor (2011-EE-521)
Yasoon Aslam (2011-EE-504)
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What is PLC?
Similar to a Microcontroller:
Microprocessor Based
Onboard Memory for Storing Programs(RAM)
Input/output Ports
Analog to Digital converters
Digital to Analog converters
Special Programming Language: Ladder Logic
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Advantages of PLC’s
1. Armored for severe conditions (dust, moisture, heat )
2. have the facility for extensive no of Input/output (I/O).
3. High power ratings
4. Compact
5. Visual Programming(Ladder)
6. Cost effective for controlling complex systems
7. Flexible and can be reapplied to control
8. Less down time due to modular structures
PLC Size
1. SMALL - it covers units with up to 128 I/O’s and
memories up to 2 Kbytes.
- these PLC’s are capable of providing
simple to advance levels or machine
controls.
2. MEDIUM - have up to 2048 I/O’s and memories up
to 32 Kbytes.
3. LARGE - the most sophisticated units of the PLC
family. They have up to 8192 I/O’s
and memories up to 750 Kbytes.
- can control individual production
processes or entire plant.
5
Areas of Application
Manufacturing / Machining
Food / Beverage
Metals
Power
Mining
Petrochemical / Chemical
6
Selecting a PLC Criteria
8
Leading Brands Of PLC
JAPANESE 1. Toshiba
2. Omron
3. Fanuc
4. Mitsubishi
EUROPEAN 1. Siemens
2. Klockner & Mouller
3. Festo
4. Telemechanique
9
Eng. R. L. Nkumbwa @ CBU 10
2010
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Motor Control
PLCs and Ladder Logic
An Introduction
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Motor Control
PLCs and Ladder Logic
An Introduction
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Motor Control
PLCs and Ladder Logic
An Introduction
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Motor Control
PLCs and Ladder Logic
An Introduction
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Motor Control
PLCs and Ladder Logic
An Introduction
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Ladder Logic:
Graphical language for describing output of an electrical
switching system as a function of its inputs.
• Also known as “relay ladder logic” or RLL
• Commonly used in PLC coding
• Primarily used to relate logical inputs (switch closures) to
relay coil outputs. (Start switch used to energize a motor
contactor relay)
Control Voltage
Source
START MOTOR
Control Voltage
Return
Contact
Coil
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Basic Symbols
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Coils
AND OPERATION
A B C
Rung
OR OPERATION
A C
Rung
NOT OPERATION
A C
Rung
Problem #1
Suppose we want to automate our garage gate
i.e. when car move near the entrance of the garage the
gate opens ,and when we park the car the gate closes
after a specific time duration?
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Problem #2
Make an automated water controller. When the
low sensor detects the signal, motor is turned on.
When high sensor detects the signal, motor is turned
off?
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Problem #3
Design a conveyer system which counts 10
boxes. After counting the boxes, the system turned
off?
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Problem #4
Automate the traffic lights.
Red light turns on for 5 sec
Yellow light turns on for 2 sec
Green light turns on 7 sec
The lights glow in a cycle?
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TRiLOGI
Ladder Logic Simulation Software