Intertextuality

{ Let’s dive into the deeper depths of intertextuality

in music videos…Shall we
Previously I studied about what intextuality basically is and a primary
overall example of it but now I will research about its types and how they
work in music videos.

? Intertextuality refers to the interdependent ways in which texts

stand in relation to one another to produce meaning.

The function and effectiveness of intertextuality can often depend quite a

bit on the reader’s prior knowledge and understanding before reading
the secondary text. There are intertextual frameworks (references) at
work that are less obvious or direct.

There are a total of 7 types of intertextual media which include:

 Pastiche
 Parody
 Homage
 Calque
 Translation
 Hybridity
 Bricolage
Pastiche
Now…..firstly ‘Pastiche’ is when a piece if work imitates another creation for
example the mise-en-scene in more of a celebratory way.

I think the most classic example of this is Madonna’s ‘Material girl’ which is a
imitation of Marilyn Monroe's ‘Diamonds are girl’s best friends’. The imitation is
basically of the mise-en-scene but the meaning of the songs are quite different as
Madonna refuses to have diamonds over love but to Marilyn is all about the luxuries
and diamonds.
Parody
Parody, on the other hand, is a piece of work which imitates another in
order to comment, trivialize or satirize. It basically aims to mock an original
idea in a light comic or critical way. Parody mostly exaggerates the features
of the original.
‘Dark Horse’, one of Katy Perry’s famous songs shows an Egyptian theme
and totally exaggerates it’s wealth and the proudness as well as arrogancy
in the queen may referred as Cleopatra in her time in which she lived a
lavish luxury life but the whole superpowers and getting cross on small
things.
Calque
It is when a word or phrase is borrowed from a foreign language or text for
example, and translate each word literally into English, that's a calque. ...
An "Adam's apple," for example, is a calque of the French pomme d'Adam.

In the song ‘senorita’ the word senorita is used to call the girl as being
attractive/sexy in a very romantic way even though in Spanish it just means
simply ‘un-married girl’. The song definitely has a love story and the song
compliments it well.
Homage
Homage is actually a way of giving respect to an existing performer or media
text. In it the character may adopt a similar style or it maybe referred as a
special honor or respect shown publicly.
I think that ‘Demons’ is one of those songs in which a tribute is given at the
end to a cancer patient who dies and the band makes a cancer foundation to
help needy to fight cancer. The lyrics are so powerful and support the whole
song into one place. They show various stories of people going through
difficult times but remaining firm and brave.
Translation
Translation is a very widely used term for understanding a foreign
language . To understand it in media’s language it can be said that it is
when the message of a text is changed into another form but having drawn
on the message.

Lizzo’s Truth hurts’ is all about the heartbreak situation and she is
confident enough in herself to progress in life without ‘him’. Hence the
title of the song “Truth Hurts”!

“You're 'posed to hold me down, but you're holding

me back
And that's the sound of me not calling you back”
Hybridity
Hybridity is all about mixing and sampling of different kinds of music, TV,
advertisements, films etc. It’s forms are said to level hierarchies of taste. It is
said that all distinctions between high culture and popular culture have
gone or become blurred.
‘Sabotage’ by beastie boys is a music videos based on the 60s cop shows,
especially there opening. The dramatic zooms and actions enhance the
video with the rock song it already is.
6os cop
shows

‘Sabotage’
Bricolage
Now lastly bricolage is a work that is made from combining existing
materials, independent of their original purpose, where aspects of one style
are given quite different meanings when composed with stylistic features
from another.

I found many examples but the most obvious was Vanilla ice's sample of
Queen. The beats to both songs is similar but the whole narrative is
different.