Watershed Exam.

Identify the following answers.

1. Is the portion of streamflow that comes from "the sum of
deep subsurface flow and delayed shallow subsurface
flow“.
2. Is the water flow that occurs when the soil is infiltrated to
full capacity and excess water from rain, meltwater, or
other sources flows over the land.
3. The descending movement of water through soil and rock.
4. Is the movement of water from the surface of the ground
into the soil mantle.
5. Water in temporary storage as a thin sheet over the soil
surface during the occurrence of overland flow.
6. The process by which precipitation is caught and held by foliage,
twigs and branches of trees and lesser vegetation, or by surface
debris and evaporated by the exposed surfaces.
7. Is the process by which a liquid is changed into vapor or sometimes
the losses from interception and transpiration.
8. It occurs when the groundwater slowly moves through the spaces
and cracks between the soil particles on its journey to lower
elevations.
9. It is derived from the atmosphere where moisture exists when
water in the gaseous state, produced by evaporation at
temperatures below the boiling point.
10.It is derived from the atmosphere where moisture exists in the
form of snow or hail.
11.Is an area that holds a lot of water, which can
be pumped up with a well.
12.Water that stored in the ground in materials
like gravel or sand.
13.These are the water in lakes, rivers, or oceans.
14.The main contributor of water in the
watershed that is later collected on the surface
and groundwater.
15.It is also called a "drainage basin“.
16. Is a process that circulates significant amounts of the watershed's energy,
water and materials from the abiotic environment back into the biotic,
and from one set of predominant organisms on to a subsequent set of
dominant organisms.
17. It involves a predictable set of vegetative changes through a series of
discrete stages (seres).
18. It builds and gradually changes vegetational structure that serves many
critical functions such as maintaining varied habitat (recall the earlier
discussion of the highest biodiversity often being found in areas of
intermediate disturbance) and reestablishing renewable resources for
human use, like woodlots.
19. A type of stream that is either a losing stream or an insulated stream that
is separated from the underlying ground water by a zone of aeration.
20. A type of stream in relation to time that describe the water that flows
continuously.
21.A watershed structure having a flowing system
includes springs and seeps, rivers, streams, creeks,
brooks and side channels.
22.A watershed structure that has still water including
lakes and ponds.
23.Species with especially far-reaching effects on an
ecosystem.
24.A general term used to describe organisms feed on
dead tissue and return nutrients and energy to the
soil.
25.It is often used to describe the trophic interactions
of organisms within an ecosystem.
26. Is defined as the science centered around the study of various earth
structures, processes, compositions, characteristics, and histories.
27. This cycle is a natural, solar-driven process of evaporation,
condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
28. It is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and quality
of water on Earth and other planets, including the hydrologic cycle,
water resources and environmental watershed sustainability.
29. Is the sequence of who eats whom in a biological community (an
ecosystem) to obtain nutrition.
30. Refers to an aggregate of both average and extreme conditions of
temperature, humidity, and precipitation (including type and
amount), winds, and cloud cover, measured over an extended
period of time.
Enumeration
A. Types of Streams:
• Relation to time
• Relation to space
• Relation to ground water
B. Stages of the Hydrologic Cycle
C. Components of Initial Loss of Water
D. Composition of Discharge