VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY , BELGAUM

KARNATAKA , INDIA

S.S.E.T’s
S. G. BALEKUNDRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
SHIVBASAV NAGAR BELGAUM -10

SOLAR QUAD WHEEL VEHICLE

Batch no:

Project 1. SUDHIR YADAV 2BU15EE044

Members 2. ABHILASH V KHOT 2BU15EE001
3. SHANOORBABA YARGATTI 2BU15EE037
4. SHREYA BELLAD 2BU15EE039

Project co-ordinator Guide H.O.D

Prof. BASAVARAJ HUGAR Prof. MANJULA S BIRADAR Dr. SATYENDRA KUMAR
 Contents
1. Introduction
2. Literature survey
3. Objectives
4. Block diagram
5. Methodology
6. Buffer driver,switching modules
7. Power supply unit
8. Components
9. Application
10. Advantages/disadvantages
11. Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
 Definition: Segway is a two wheeled , self balancing personal
transporter by Segway Inc.
 Segway works in commercial and municipal organization to
realize the benefits of zero emission personal transportation
that increases productivity and utilize existing infrastructure .
 It is the future of mobility with –ease, efficiency, intelligence,
simplicity.
 The result is electric transportation at less cost and eco-friendly
way.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] Bageant, M.- Balancing a two-wheeled Segway robot, 2011.
This paper gives information about two wheeled Segway.MIT BOSTON,USA
[2] Pravin Kumar Singh, Abhishek Jaswal, Saurabh Chand, Ali Abdullah, Rishi
Chakraborty, “Design and Fabrication of Self Balancing Two Wheeler”, DOI
10.4010/2016.1233, ISSN 2321 3361 © 2016 IJESC
This paper gives information uses gyroscopic sensors detects the motion of rider,
so that he can accelerate, brake or steer the vehicle.
[3] Myank Sharma, Rahul Sharma, Vikrant Sinha, Prof. Shakil Tadavi, “Segway –
The Human Transporter”, IJIRST – International Journal for Innovative Research
in Science & Technology, Volume 1, Issue 11, April 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-6010.
This paper gives information about the design of Segway Human Transporter is
such that it covers less space and comfort to the user.
 HOVERBOARD
SEGWAY
Fig 1.1 Fig 1.2
 OBJECTIVE
 The proposed vehicle is much more efficient then Segway
model which are in market today . Here solar panel will be
used, as it will charge continuously , the charging problem is
eliminated.
 The second advancement is four wheels are being used, hence,
any age people can use it easily.
 The third advancement is handle is being replaced with voice
commands given by the user .
 The fourth advancement sensors are going to be used for
automatic stopping of vehicle.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

ARDUINO
UNO

IR TX

Fig 2.1
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ANTENNA

ANTENNA

Fig 2.2
 METHODOLOGY
• The user gives voice commands from the mobile app to navigate the
vehicle. These commands are received by the on board Bluetooth
device which is connected to the Arduino. The Arduino receives these
commands and corresponding motors are rotated to move the
vehicle and to take turn.

• The LDR is used to automatically turn on/off the headlights and

taillights depending on whether it is a night or day.

• The IR sensor is used to detect the obstacle. Whenever any obstacle

is present for the vehicle the IR sensor senses this obstacle and
generates an signal to slow the vehicle speed. If the obstacle is very
close to the vehicle then it automatically stops the vehicle.
 BUFFER & DRIVER , SWITCHING MODULE

 Buffers are normally used to provide extra current

drive at the output.

 This 16-pin DIL packaged IC 4050 acts as Buffer as-

well-as a Converter.

 The IC acts as buffer and provides isolation to the main

circuit from varying input signals.

Fig 6.1
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF BUFFER, DRIVER & SWITCHING
STAGE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF BUFFER, DRIVER & SWITCHING STAGE

+12 V
COM-1 COM-2 COM-3 COM-4 COM-5
R6-R10
IC2
D6-D10
+5V
IC1 9

1 16 N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C

1
3 2 15
2

5 4 3 14 RL1 RL2 RL3 RL4 RL5

7 6 4 13

9 10 5 12

11 12 6 11

15 10
Commands 14 7
from PC D1 TO D5
8
8

R1 TO R5 Gnd

Fig 6.2
 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
 The Hex Buffer/Inverter IC1’s working voltage of +5V is applied at pin-1
and five control signals are applied at input pins 3, 5, 7, 9 & 11.

 Further the grounding resistors R1 to R5 prevents the abnormal voltage

levels passing inside the IC1

 Its working voltage is +12 V and only five input/output pins are used.
IMAGE OF BUFFER ,DRIVER & SWITCHING DEVICE

Fig 6.3
 POWER SUPPLY UNIT

Step-down Transformer

Fig 7.1

 The conventional supply, which is generally available to the user, is 230V AC. It is
necessary to step down the mains supply to the desired level.
 RECTIFIER STAGE
12V

D4
D1

D3
D2
O/P
0

D1 to D4 – IN4007

Fig 7.2

 Then the step-downed Alternating Current is converted into Direct Current.

 If the power supply is designed for low voltage/current drawing loads/circuits (say
+5V), it is sufficient to employ full-wave rectifier with center-tap transformer as a
power source.
 FILTER STAGE
I /P O /P

1000µf 104
25v

Fig 7.3

 But this rectified output contains some percentage of superimposed ac ripples.

 The cheap, reliable, simple and effective filtering for low current drawing loads
(say up to 50 mA) is done by using shunt capacitors.
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF +5V & +12V FULL
WAVE REGULATED
IC1 IC1
+12V
7812 7805
D
11 9V
+5V

230AC
C1 C2

D
21

Fig 7.4

• This laboratory power supply offers excellent line and load regulation and output
voltages of +5V & +12 V at output currents up to one amp.
 SOLAR PANEL DESCRIPTION

Rated max power Pmpp 20W

(0…4.99WP)
Open circuit voltage Voc 21.44 V
Short circuit current Isc 1.27 amp
Rated voltage Vmpp 17.15 V
Rated current Impp 1.18 Amp

Table 8.1
 BLUETOOTH TO SERIAL PORT
MODULE

Fig 8.1

• HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol)

module, designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup.
 ARDUINO UNO

• Arduino board designs use a variety of

microprocessors and controllers.
• The boards are equipped with sets of
digital and analog (I/O) pins that may be
interfaced to various expansion.
• The boards feature serial communications
interfaces.

Fig 8.2
 RELAYS

Fig 8.3
• Relays are switching devices employed to control large power or to
perform switching operations.
• Relay may be considered as switch, the only difference is the switch
operates manually where as relay is automatic or by small D.C
signal.
 WHEELS
Specification
Size Customized
Wheel Material Rubber
Material Steel
Colour Black
Diameter (mm) 100-150 mm, 0-100 mm
Application Load Carrying Trolley

Features:
Robust construction
Fig 8.4 Easy installation
Perfect finish
 APPLICATIONS

 Used by astronauts-As the suits of astronauts are heavy, so to move from one
station to another station on moon and mars they can use.

 Waiters for serving in Hotels

 Shopping at Malls-To move trolley with human.

 ADVANTAGES

 Eco friendly – It is pollution free.

 Cost efficient – As the solar energy is free of cost.

 Low power consumption.

 Easy to control – It is simple to use as it is control voice commands.

 It’s a portable device – As it is small in size it is easy to carry and keep after
use.

 User friendly – As it is control by voice any age group people can use.
 DISADVANTAGES

 Solar panel is costly.

 In rainy season there is charging problem of battery.