Research in Daily Life 1

First Session
 A. Definition of Research
•• Research plays an important role in tertiary education. Though there are many problems confronted by
Research follows a step-by-step process of investigation that uses standardized approach in answering question and solving problems (Polit & Beck)

higher education, development are realized through research. After all, its main purpose is to answer a
question or to solve an issue. (Palispis 2014)

• Research is continues undertaking of making known the unknown. (Sanchez, 2002) it entails an
investigation of new facts leading to the discovery of new ideas, methods or improvements. It is an
attempt to widen one’s outlook in life. It always proceeds from the known to the unknown. Thus, the end
of research is to arrive a new truth.
• Research is an investigation following ordered steps leading to a discovery of new information or
concepts. (Sanchez, 1999)
• Research is a very careful investigation of something that purports the contribution of additional or new
knowledge or wisdom. (Bassey, as cited by Coleman and Briggs, 2002)

• Research is attested approach of thinking and employing validated instruments and steps in order to
obtain a more adequate solution to a problem that is otherwise impossible to address under ordinary
means. (Crawford, as cited by Alcantara & Espina, 1995)
 Research is defined as the scientific
investigation of phenomena which includes
collection, presentation, analysis and
interpretation of facts that lines an individual’s
speculation with reality.
Try to identify the following jumbled letter word.
1. Mtycoerassm 1. Macrosystem
2. Eiimarcpl 2. Empirical
3. Edvceiend Beasd 3. Evidenced Based
4. Ctnocpueal fomwraerk 4. Conceptual framework
5. sfteciniic 5. scientific
6. fbieslae 6. feasible
7. Rrcesaeh 7. Research
8. Mtdogoeohly 8. Methodology
9. Tahteiorecl Frmaoerwk 9. Theoretical Framework
10. Htpshyoeis 10. Hypothesis
B. Characteristics of Research
• The research should be:
1. Systematic.
2. Objective
3. Feasible
4. Empirical
5. Clear
Systematic
There is a system to follow in conducting research as there is a
system for formulating each of its parts.
Objective
Research involves the objective process of analyzing phenomena of
importance to any profession or to different fields or disciplines. A
researcher should objectively look at the basis on which the work is
founded. He/she must never produce results out of nowhere; the
results of the research should be validated. These results must never
be based from biases.
Feasible
Any problem of extraordinary nature that directly or indirectly
affectsany profession is a feasible problem to study.
Empirical
There should be supporting pieces of evidence and accompanying
details for every variable used in the study. References and citations
of facts and information that the researcher has gathered in his or
her paper must be included.
Plagiarism constitutes claiming another person’s idea or intellectual
property as one’s own.
Clear
The choice of variables used in the study should be explained by the
researcher
D. Research Paradigm

• It is an outline that guides the researcher in

conceptualizing and conducting a research.
 OUTLINE OF THE RESEARCH PAPER (overview)
Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Chapter 3: Methodology
Background a. Research Design
b. population of the Study
a. Introduction, Background of the Study
c. Instrumentation
b. Statement of the Problem d. Statistical Treatment
c. Hypothesis Chapter 4: (title of study)
d. Scope and Delimitation a. Presentation of Data Analysis
e. Significance of the Study b. Interpretation
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature c. Discussion
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and
and Studies
Recommendations
a. Review of Related Literature a. Summary of Findings
b. Review of Related Studies b. Conclusion
c. Conceptual/ Theoretical Framework c. Recommendation
d. Definitions of Terms
 D. Research Paradigm
• An effective Research must address this two important aspects:
1. Research Foundation
Research foundation refers to the
 research problem,
 purpose,
 specific questions to be addressed, and
 the conceptual framework to be applied.
 D. Research Paradigm
• An effective Research must address this two important aspects:
2. Research Methodology
Research Methodology describes how the researcher will answer the research
question in a credible manner. Research methods are employed to address the
research purpose and gain new information and insights to answer the problem.
It includes the:
 review of literature,
 research approach and design,
 data collection,
 methods of analysis, and
 conclusions.
 E. Roles of the researchers
• according to Niewswiadony (2005), the researchers shows different
roles in the study. These are as follows:
1. As a principal investigator.
2. As a member of a research team
3. As identifier of research findings
4. As evaluator of research findings
5. As a user of research findings.
6. As a patient or client advocate during study.
7. As subject/respondent/participant
 E. Importance of Research
• Research provides a scientific basis for any practice or methodology in any field or discipline.

• Research is undertaken for the continuous development and further productivity in any field.

• Research helps develops tools for assessing effectiveness of any practice and operation.

• Research provides solution to problems concerning almost all issues encountered in the
different areas of work.

• Research impacts decision making.

• Research develops and evaluates alternative approaches to the educational aspects of any
discipline.

• Research aims to advance the personal and professional qualification of a practitioner.

G. Goals for conducting research.
• To produce evidence based practice.

• To stablish credibility in the profession.

• To observe accountability for the profession

• To promote cost-effectiveness through documentation.
SUMMARY
• Research should be systematic, objective, and feasible,
empirical, and clear.

• The research paradigm guides the researcher in

formulating and implementing the research. It ensures
that the research foundation and methodology are well
defined and organized.
SUMMARY
• The research foundation refers to the fundamental
components of research such as the research problem,
purpose, specific questions to be addressed, and the
conceptual framework to be applied.

• The methodology of research includes the review of

literature, research approach and design, data collection,
methods of analysis, and conclusions.
 SUMMARY
• As a researcher, one can play the role of principal investigator, a
member of research team, an identifier of researchable
problems, an evaluator of research findings, user of research
findings, a patient or client advocate during a study, and a
subject respondent participant.
• Research is very important, it provides scientific basis for any
discipline, and its continuous development. It helps develop
tools to improve the effectiveness of solving various problems,
and formulate solutions to problem concerning almost all issues.
It also allows the evaluation of alternative approaches to the
educational aspects of any discipline.
 SUMMARY
• The goals of conducting research are to produce
evidenced based practice; to establish credibility in the
profession; and to promote cost-effectiveness through
documentation.