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Equation 2
To prevent lateral buckling, a beam’s
compression flange must be supported at
frequent intervals. Complete lateral support
is achieved when a beam is fully encased in
concrete of has its flange welded or bolted
along its full length. In many designed,
however, lateral support is provided only at
regularly spaced intervals. The actual spacing
between points of lateral bracing is
designated as Lb.
Lateral Support
Allowable Bending Stress
Cb
Radius of Gyration
Radius of gyration or rT is defined as the
radius of gyration of a section comprised
of the compression flange plus one third
of the compression web area, taken about
an axis in the plane of the web.
For a wide flange, you take the full compression flange and
include with it 1/3 of the portion of the web that is above the
neutral axis of the member.
This gives you a "T" section. The full flange is the top of the
"T" and the small portion of web is the vertical stem of the
"T".
Turn the section 90 degrees and draw a neutral axis line
through the shape (for a WF then it would be at the
centerline of the now-horizontal web portion.)
Radius of Gyration, rt
Example :
A W24x103 is used as a beam that is
simply supported at its ends. The
properties of the section is as follows.
H =623.10mm Ix = 1.248x1012 mm4
tw= 14.0 mm Sx = 4.008x106 mm3
bf = 228.60mm rx = 252.74 mm
Tf = 24.90 mm
A = 19,548.00mm2 Iy =4.95x1010 mm4
W = 153.76 kg/m Sy =4.33x105 mm3
rt = 59.18 mm ry = 50.34 mm
The beam is laterally at supports only.
Determine the allowable bending stress
for a length of a) 2 m, b) 4 m and d.)
16m. Use Fy = 248 MPa
A cantilever beam having a 4 m span carries
a uniformly distributed load throughout its
length. The beam is A36 steel with yield
strength, Fy= 248 MPa. The beam is not
restrained against lateral buckling. The beam
is a W21x62 steel shape, whose relevant
properties for this problem are :
rt =0.053 m tf = 0.016 m
D = 0.533 m S = 0.002077 m
bf=0.210 m
Seatwork
(a) Determine the allowable flexural stress
in the compression flange
(b) Determine the maximum value of the
moment at the fixed support