Applications of Integration

Work
Force Due to Fluid Pressure
Find the area of the region bounded by
the three curves 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 = 𝑦 3 ,
𝑥+𝑦 =2
Work

Work Done by a Constant Force

𝑊 = 𝐹𝐷
Work Done by a Variable Force
 Some Well-Known Physical Laws

1. Hooke’s Law k=spring constant

𝐹 = 𝑘𝑑

2. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

−8 𝑐𝑚 3
𝑚1 𝑚2 𝑘= 6.67𝑥10 ൗ𝑔𝑠 2
𝐹=𝑘 F(dynes)
𝑑2
3. Coulomb’s Law
𝑞1 𝑞2 𝑘=1
𝐹=𝑘 2 𝑞1 𝑞2 = 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑑 F(dynes)
Example

A particle is moving along the x axis under the action of a force of f(x)
pounds when the particle is x feet from the origin. If 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 4,
find the work done as the particle moves from the point where x=2 to
the point where x=4.

𝟖𝟎
𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: = 𝒇𝒕 − 𝒍𝒃
𝟑
Example

A force of 750 pounds compresses a spring 3 inches from its natural

length of 15 inches. Find the work done in compressing the spring an
additional 3 inches.

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: = 𝟑𝟑𝟕𝟓 𝒊𝒏 − 𝒍𝒃
Example

A water tank in the form of an inverted right-circular cone is 10m

across the top and 12m deep. If the surface of the water is 3m below
the top of the tank, how much work is required to empty the tank by
pumping all of the water to the top of the tank?

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: = 𝟔. 𝟖𝟐𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝑱
Fluid Pressure
Force Due to Fluid Pressure

The force F exerted by a fluid of constant weight-density w (per unit

volume) against a submerged vertical plane region from y = c to y = d
is
𝑛

𝐹 = 𝑤 lim ෍ ℎ(𝑦𝑖 )𝐿(𝑦𝑖 )∆𝑦

| ∆ |→0
𝑖=1
𝑑
= 𝑤 න ℎ 𝑦 𝐿(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
𝑐
where h(y) is the depth of the fluid at y and L(y) is the horizontal
length of the region at y.
 Example

A vertical gate in a dam has the shape of an

isosceles trapezoid 8ft across the top and 6ft
across the bottom, with a height of 5ft. What
is the fluid force on the gate when the top of
the gate is 4ft below the surface of the water?
Use 𝜌 = 62.4 (weight density of water).

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝑭 = 𝟏𝟑, 𝟗𝟑𝟔 𝒍𝒃

Example

A trough having a trapezoidal cross section is full of water. If the

trapezoid is 3 ft wide at the top, 2ft wide at the bottom, and 2ft deep,
find the total force due to water pressure on one end of the trough.

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 ρ = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟒, 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆 = 𝟐𝟗𝟏 𝒍𝒃

 Example

A circular observation window on a

marine science ship has a radius of 1 ft,
and the center of the window is 8ft
below water level. What is the fluid
force on the window? Use 𝜌 = 64
(weight density of seawater)

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝑭 = 𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟖. 𝟓𝒍𝒃

 Seatwork

The ends of a gasoline tank are semicircular regions, each with a radius
of 2ft. Find the force due to fluid pressure on one end if the tank is full
of gasoline having weight density 41 𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡 3 . Use 𝜌 = 41 (weight
density of gasoline).

𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝑭 = 𝟐𝟏𝟗 𝒍𝒃