The Importance,

Aspects and
Determinants of
Health
 IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH
• WHAT IS HEALTH?
- According to World Health Organization (WHO), health
refers to a state of complete Physical, Mental, and social
well-being, not merely the absense of disease of infirmity.

“HEALTH IS WEALTH”

- A person can only work productively and competently if he

or she is wholesomely
health.
 ASPECT OF HEALTH
Health is a composite of the state in which one is able to function well:

• PHYSICALLY- when human body functions well as a consequence of

right food and medicine intake, also with proper exercise and
regulated diet.

• MENTALLY- when there is wellness in mind’s perceptual and

concetual perspective.

• SPIRITUALLY- when people uphold the non-fanatic faith/ religion

bias-free dimention of ethics, virtues and values of life which will
help them express the essence of maturity and moral integrity.
 ASPECT OF HEALTH
• EMOTIONALLY- when one adheres to balanced and non-destructive
feeling of sensibility or responsiveness over symphaty, apathy,
paranoia, anxiety, and varied forms of baseless provocation.

• SEXUALLY- when a person is whoesome in understanding and

accepting what gender does to his masculine or to her femine
sexuality.

• ENVIRONMENTALLY- when a person lives in a geographical place

where there is fresh air, peace and security from
lawlessness,topograpgically free from disease outbreak and regular
visit of natural calamity
 ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
 PHYSICAL HEALTH- Being physically health means a person is
physically fit.
- Physical fitness training includes household tasks, routine
exercise like jogging and body twisting, outdoor and indoor
sports,. proper diet is also included to be physically fit.

-Physical fitness is mainly composed of:

• Cardiovascular Endurance- the body’s ability to keep up with
exersice like running, cycling and any exersice that forces the
cardiovascular system.
• Muscular Strength- is the power that helps a person to lift an
carry heavy objects.
 -Physical fitness is mainly composed of:
• Muscular Endurance- is the ability of the muscles to perform
contractions for extended period of time.
• Flexibility- the ability of the body to move through its entire
range without the presense of pain or stiffness.
• Body Compotition- refers to the amount of fat on your body.
To qualify as fit, men must have a body fat composition lower
than 17% while women must have a body fat composition
lower than 24%.
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
MENTAL HEALTH

To become mentally healthy, one’s psychological well-being

should be:
• Intellectually fit;
• Free from mental disorders such as
1. Traumatic experiences;
2. Abusive experiences;
3. Family history of mental health problems
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
MENTAL HEALTH
This condition of well-being is a reflection of one’s
ability to enjoy life and creates a balance between life
activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience. Thus,
it is the psychological state of someone who is functioning at a
satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment.
According to WHO, mental health is manifested by persistence
of a:
1. Perceived self-efficacy 4. Integrational dependence
2. Autonomy 5. Self-actualization
3. Competence
 ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
MENTAL HEALTH
The maintenance of a health clinic or mental hospital
is tedious on the part of mental health attendants (e.g.
psychologist, psychiatrists, and medical therapist or
practitioners).
Mental hospital or a behavioral institution is one
health agency whose developmental health care program
entrails crucial and critical day to day measures in dealing
with provisionally unconscious humans who are
psychologically and emotionally sick and who are prone to
creating harms in public or suicidal intentions.
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
EMOTIONAL HEALTH
• Emotional wellness- positive attitude, high self-esteem,
strong sense of self and the ability to ecognize/share
feelings with others in a constructive way.
• A person is emotionally healthy when there is consistent
evidence of psychological fitness in the day to day activities
or stressful circumstances.
Example:
Making and keeping friendship
Getting away from anxiety
Doing serious efforts of changing bad habits
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
EMOTIONAL HEALTH
• Overall happiness and well-being of a person is the
composite of one’s ability to be creative and resilient on
challenges or negative mood states and reactions from
external factors.
• According to the American Psychological Associative (2015),
happy people who are more likely to work towards goals,
find the resources they need and attracts others with their
energy and optimism – the key building blocks of success.
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
SOCIAL HEALTH
A person`s social healthiness plays around a
consistency in behavioral receptiveness and adaptability with
people at varied ages, of psychological perspectives, and
multifaceted economic, political and cultural orientations.

Social health is an indispensable component of

leadership in business management of any enterprise of
health and non health.
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
SPIRITUAL HEALTH
The spiritual wellness or being spiritually healthy
means that a person is morally and ethically fit to humans and
religiously faithful to the norms of strong influencing deity.
Acc. To National Wellness Institute 2015:
Personal wellness- as a personal matter involving
values and beliefs that provide a purpose in life. It is generally
considered to be the search for meaning and purpose in
human existence, leading one to strive for a state of harmony
with oneself and others while working to balance inner needs
with the rest of the world.
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
SEXUAL HEALTH

• A male or female human being is practically and bassically

healthy sexually when the biological and physical state of his
or her condition naturally fits personal and professional
gender-related roles and procreative functions .
• "sexual health is evidenced by the free personal and social
wellness, enriching at individual and social life"
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
SEXUAL HEALTH
• Sexual rights are recognized are recognized by the social
constitutions to uphold the curative and preventive
measures to free them from sexually-transmitted harms.
• health agencies and organizations are faced more with or
pushed further into circumstances or intervention instead of
prevention measures due to lack of discipline.
• from 1984-2019, there have been 65 463 confirmed HIV
cases reported by DOH .38 new HIV infection reported daily
. UNICEF estimated 100, 000 victims of sexual exploitation in
the Philippines, dubbing it "the global epicenter of the live-
stream sexual abuse trade"
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

• People of the society are environmentally healthy when

they are sustainably free from harms of their surroundings
These environmental harm-free situations may include of
following:
• availability of safe supply of food and drinking water
• functional facilities to treat and dispose solid and toxic wastes
• reduced air, water, food, and noise pollution
• and presence of control measures for workplace hazards like safety
measures for high risk production activities
ECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE HEALTH
ASPECT
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
• Over the course of the 20th century the forest cover of the
Philippines drops from 70 % down to 20 %. Ineffective
management degrades the country`s biodiversity resources;
water and air pollution; greenhouse gas emission are
increasing; and the country is ranked as one of the most
vulnerable to the impacts of environmental disasters.
• Ineffective management degrades the country`s biodiversity
resources; water and air pollution; greenhouse gas emission
are increasing; and the country is ranked as one of the most
vulnerable to the impacts of environmental disasters
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
1. SEX AND GENDER ROLE

SEX
-refers to being naturally, biologically and physically by birth male or female

GENDER
-refers to the sexual orientation that widely covers gender roles in being

GENDER ROLE
-refers to the se of behavioural functions that a person in a specific gender
wishes to perform in life
-it is concerned with human resource development

GENDERED RULES
-effect the health system’s practices and priorities as many health issues are a
function of gender-based social status or roles
 The sex and gender roles contributes to the general societal
health condition when health care system of the country is
institutionally in place, wholesomely planed, and sufficiently
budgeted.

 Lead agencies that prioritize health as gender roles and

advocacies on gender and development are the following:
Department of Health (DOH),
Population Commission (POPCOM),
Philippine Commission on Women (PCW),
Commission on Higher Education (CHED) &
Civil Service Commission
2. ENVIRONMENT

 Environment as a determinant refers to the immediate

surrounding that accounts for the social, physical, biological,
chemical, and climatic conditions.

Social aspect refers to the social support and social networks

within a community where people share resources to improve
well-being of individuals

Physical aspect covers the actual absence of man-caused and

natural phenomenal hazard

Biological aspect refers to the absence of pathogenic organisms

Chemical aspect refers to the absence of hazardous reagents and
substances

Climatic aspect surrounds along the presence of enabling

interventions and continuing capacity building potential enough
to protect places vulnerable to calamities

3. INCOME

 Income as a determinant of health concerns the readiness or

availability of sufficient monetary possession that a person has
or the adequate budget allocation of the agencies to finance
needs of the country in the health sector

 The higher the income a person has, the greater the chance of
supporting his/her own medical needs
4. OCCUPATION

Occupation as a factor of health refers to the work or

employment of a person that accounts in it the nature of
tasks, and time being rendered and Standard Operating
Procedures (SOPs) on work safety and sanitation measures in
the workplace

Nature of tasks
 White collar- heavy of mental exercise jobs
 Blue collar- heavy of physical exertion jobs
 7. CULTURE, TRADITION AND INDIGENOUS PRACTICE

Knowledge, attitude and practices of people in health are

affected by the culture and tradition of communities or groups
where they belong. Hence, health policies and activities which
are implemented in communities should be universal in coverage
and should be culturally appropriate or at least should minimize
marginalization and stigmatization
 Employment
-the act of employing
-can be classified into three categories
• employed
• unemployed
• underemployed

In some workplaces, the exercise of work efforts is

unavoidably risky to health condition.
The health hazard related issues require the health care
system as imperative provision for the adequate allocation for
the cost of health care prevention and intervention.
- Hazard pay
5. PERSONAL HEALTH PRACTICES AND COPING SKILLS
Personal health practices and coping skills refer to those
activities done by people in order to prevent diseases,
promote quality health and management of illness during the
early stage, conduct of first aid and basic life support, cope
with challenges and develop self-reliance, solve problems and
make choices to improve their health.

6. HEALTH SERVICES
Health services refer to policies, programs, and activities of
the government and private institutions that anchored to
maintaining and promoting quality health, treatment of
diseases and rehabilitation or post-ailment activities like
improving nutrition status and vaccination of patients