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Esters
• Are chemical compounds derived from an acid (
organic or in organic) in which at least one - OH
(hydroxyl group) is replaced by an -O-alkyl(alkoxy)
group.
• Esters are formed from the reaction between a
carboxylic acid and alchohol.
• Esterification.
Naming Esters
• Esters are named after the alcohol and acid from
which they are produced . The name of the alcohol
is given first, the suffix changed to - ly ; followed by
the carboxylic acids with the suffix changed to -
oate.
• Examples;
• Ethyl butanoate
• Pentyl octanoate
• 4bromo-6 oxo-heptanoate
Properties of Esters
• It has distinctive fruity odor and have low boiling
temperature.
• Compounds formed from the reaction of an acid
and base.(safonification)
• Very important ester is aspirin.
• Polar
Amines and Amides
• Amines and amides are organic compounds
containing the amino group,-NH²
• The general formula of simple amines is R-
NH²;secondary amines is R-NH:and fir tertiary
amines the formula is R-NR¹ R¹¹.
Naming amines
• Amines are named by adding the suffix amine to
the root name of hydrocarbon.
• Give examples:
• Methylamine
• Ethanamine
• Prophylamine etc....
• The common name for amines is derived from the
name of the hydrocarbon chain taken as a branch
chain ,then adding the suffix amine.
Uses of Amines
• Amines are responsible for some odors. Cadaverine
is the amine produce by bacteria on decaying
organism
• The ptomaines formed by bacteria on meat and
fish.